Questões de Concurso Público PRF 2021 para Policial Rodoviário Federal
Foram encontradas 120 questões
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PRF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PRF - Policial Rodoviário Federal |
Q1742668
Inglês
Texto associado
A deep freeze this week in the Lone Star state, which
relies on electricity to heat many homes, is causing power
demand to skyrocket. At the same time, natural gas, coal, wind
and nuclear facilities in Texas have been knocked offline by the
unthinkably low temperatures.
“The extreme cold is causing the entire system to freeze
up,” said Jason Bordoff, director of Columbia University’s
Center on Global Energy Policy. “All sources of energy are
underperforming in the extreme cold because they’re not
designed to handle these unusual conditions.”
The ripple effects are being felt around the nation as
Texas’ prolific oil-and-gas industry stumbles.
It’s striking that these power outages are happening in a
state with abundant energy resources. Texas produces more
electricity than any other US state — generating almost twice as
much as Florida, the next-closest, according to federal statistics.
Wind power is also booming in Texas, which produced
about 28% of all the US wind-powered electricity in 2019, the
EIA said. But the problem is that not only is Texas an energy
superpower, it tends to be an above-average temperature state.
That means its infrastructure is ill-prepared for the cold spell
currently wreaking havoc. And the consequences are being felt
by millions.
Critics of renewable energy have pointed out that wind
turbines have frozen or needed to be shut down due to the
extreme weather.
Even though other places with colder weather (like Iowa
and Denmark) rely on wind for even larger shares of power,
experts said the turbines in Texas were not winterized for the
unexpected freeze.
But this is not just about wind turbines going down.
Natural gas and coal-fired power plants need water to stay online.
Yet those water facilities froze in the cold temperatures and
others lost access to the electricity they require to operate.
It’s too early to definitively say what went wrong in Texas
and how to prevent similar outages. More information will need
to be released by state authorities. Still, some experts say the
criticism of wind power appears overdone already. “In terms of
the blame game, the focus on wind is a red herring. It’s more of a
political issue than what is causing the power problems on the
grid,” said Dan Cohan, associate professor of environmental
engineering at Rice University.
The energy crisis in Texas raises also questions about the
nature of the state’s deregulated and decentralized electric grid.
Unlike other states, Texas has made a conscious decision to
isolate its grid from the rest of the country.
That means that when things are running smoothly, Texas
can’t export excess power to neighboring states. And in the
current crisis, it can’t import power either.
Internet: <www.cnn.com> (adapted).
About ideas stated in the text above and the words used in it, judge the following item.
There are places in the world where wind power works well
in freezing temperatures.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PRF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PRF - Policial Rodoviário Federal |
Q1742669
Inglês
Texto associado
A deep freeze this week in the Lone Star state, which
relies on electricity to heat many homes, is causing power
demand to skyrocket. At the same time, natural gas, coal, wind
and nuclear facilities in Texas have been knocked offline by the
unthinkably low temperatures.
“The extreme cold is causing the entire system to freeze
up,” said Jason Bordoff, director of Columbia University’s
Center on Global Energy Policy. “All sources of energy are
underperforming in the extreme cold because they’re not
designed to handle these unusual conditions.”
The ripple effects are being felt around the nation as
Texas’ prolific oil-and-gas industry stumbles.
It’s striking that these power outages are happening in a
state with abundant energy resources. Texas produces more
electricity than any other US state — generating almost twice as
much as Florida, the next-closest, according to federal statistics.
Wind power is also booming in Texas, which produced
about 28% of all the US wind-powered electricity in 2019, the
EIA said. But the problem is that not only is Texas an energy
superpower, it tends to be an above-average temperature state.
That means its infrastructure is ill-prepared for the cold spell
currently wreaking havoc. And the consequences are being felt
by millions.
Critics of renewable energy have pointed out that wind
turbines have frozen or needed to be shut down due to the
extreme weather.
Even though other places with colder weather (like Iowa
and Denmark) rely on wind for even larger shares of power,
experts said the turbines in Texas were not winterized for the
unexpected freeze.
But this is not just about wind turbines going down.
Natural gas and coal-fired power plants need water to stay online.
Yet those water facilities froze in the cold temperatures and
others lost access to the electricity they require to operate.
It’s too early to definitively say what went wrong in Texas
and how to prevent similar outages. More information will need
to be released by state authorities. Still, some experts say the
criticism of wind power appears overdone already. “In terms of
the blame game, the focus on wind is a red herring. It’s more of a
political issue than what is causing the power problems on the
grid,” said Dan Cohan, associate professor of environmental
engineering at Rice University.
The energy crisis in Texas raises also questions about the
nature of the state’s deregulated and decentralized electric grid.
Unlike other states, Texas has made a conscious decision to
isolate its grid from the rest of the country.
That means that when things are running smoothly, Texas
can’t export excess power to neighboring states. And in the
current crisis, it can’t import power either.
Internet: <www.cnn.com> (adapted).
About ideas stated in the text above and the words used in it, judge the following item.
In “Natural gas and coal-fired power plants need water to
stay online. Yet those water facilities froze in the cold
temperatures and others lost access to the electricity they
require to operate”, it is possible to substitute “Yet” for Even
so without changing the meaning of the sentence.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PRF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PRF - Policial Rodoviário Federal |
Q1742670
Inglês
Texto associado
A deep freeze this week in the Lone Star state, which
relies on electricity to heat many homes, is causing power
demand to skyrocket. At the same time, natural gas, coal, wind
and nuclear facilities in Texas have been knocked offline by the
unthinkably low temperatures.
“The extreme cold is causing the entire system to freeze
up,” said Jason Bordoff, director of Columbia University’s
Center on Global Energy Policy. “All sources of energy are
underperforming in the extreme cold because they’re not
designed to handle these unusual conditions.”
The ripple effects are being felt around the nation as
Texas’ prolific oil-and-gas industry stumbles.
It’s striking that these power outages are happening in a
state with abundant energy resources. Texas produces more
electricity than any other US state — generating almost twice as
much as Florida, the next-closest, according to federal statistics.
Wind power is also booming in Texas, which produced
about 28% of all the US wind-powered electricity in 2019, the
EIA said. But the problem is that not only is Texas an energy
superpower, it tends to be an above-average temperature state.
That means its infrastructure is ill-prepared for the cold spell
currently wreaking havoc. And the consequences are being felt
by millions.
Critics of renewable energy have pointed out that wind
turbines have frozen or needed to be shut down due to the
extreme weather.
Even though other places with colder weather (like Iowa
and Denmark) rely on wind for even larger shares of power,
experts said the turbines in Texas were not winterized for the
unexpected freeze.
But this is not just about wind turbines going down.
Natural gas and coal-fired power plants need water to stay online.
Yet those water facilities froze in the cold temperatures and
others lost access to the electricity they require to operate.
It’s too early to definitively say what went wrong in Texas
and how to prevent similar outages. More information will need
to be released by state authorities. Still, some experts say the
criticism of wind power appears overdone already. “In terms of
the blame game, the focus on wind is a red herring. It’s more of a
political issue than what is causing the power problems on the
grid,” said Dan Cohan, associate professor of environmental
engineering at Rice University.
The energy crisis in Texas raises also questions about the
nature of the state’s deregulated and decentralized electric grid.
Unlike other states, Texas has made a conscious decision to
isolate its grid from the rest of the country.
That means that when things are running smoothly, Texas
can’t export excess power to neighboring states. And in the
current crisis, it can’t import power either.
Internet: <www.cnn.com> (adapted).
About ideas stated in the text above and the words used in it, judge the following item.
The text points to the lack of wind as the primary cause for a
dip in the production of wind energy during the period
described.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PRF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PRF - Policial Rodoviário Federal |
Q1742671
Português
Texto associado
Texto 1A18-I
Nos Estados Unidos da América, no século XIX, a
passagem da polícia do sistema de justiça para o de governo da
cidade significou também a passagem da noção de caça aos
criminosos para a prevenção dos crimes, em um deslocamento do
ato para o ator. Como na Europa, a ênfase na prevenção teria
representado nova atitude diante do controle social, com o
desenvolvimento pela polícia de uma habilidade específica, a de
explicar e prevenir o comportamento criminoso. Isso acabou
redundando no foco nas “classes perigosas”, ou seja, em setores
específicos da sociedade vistos como produtores de
comportamento criminoso. Nesse processo, desenvolveram-se os
vários campos de saber vinculados aos sistemas de justiça
criminal, polícia e prisão, voltados para a identificação, para a
explicação e para a prevenção do comportamento criminoso,
agora visto como “desviante”, como a medicina legal, a
psiquiatria e, especialmente, a criminologia.
Na Europa ocidental, as novas instituições estatais de
vigilância deveriam controlar o exercício da força em sociedades
em que os níveis de violência física nas relações interpessoais e
do Estado com a sociedade estavam em declínio. De acordo com
a difundida teoria do processo civilizador, de Norbert Elias, no
Ocidente moderno, a agressividade, assim como outras emoções
e prazeres, foi domada, “refinada” e “civilizada”. O autor
estabelece um contraste entre a violência “franca e desinibida” do
período medieval, que não excluía ninguém da vida social e era
socialmente permitida e até certo ponto necessária, e o
autocontrole e a moderação das emoções que acabaram por se
impor na modernidade. A conversão do controle que se exercia
por terceiros no autocontrole é relacionada à organização e à
estabilização de Estados modernos, nos quais a monopolização
da força física em órgãos centrais permitiu a criação de espaços
pacificados. Em tais espaços, os indivíduos passaram a ser
submetidos a regras e leis mais rigorosas, mas ficaram mais
protegidos da irrupção da violência na sua vida, na medida em
que as ameaças físicas tornaram-se despersonalizadas e
monopolizadas por especialistas.
C. Mauch. Considerações sobre a história da polícia. In: MÉTIS:
história & cultura, v. 6, n.º 11, jan./jun. 2007, p. 107-19 (com adaptações).
Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos linguísticos do texto 1A18-I precedente, julgue o item a seguir.
A transferência da polícia do sistema de justiça para o
governo da cidade marca o que pode ser considerado uma
mudança de paradigma no que se refere ao papel da polícia
na sociedade.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PRF
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PRF - Policial Rodoviário Federal |
Q1742672
Português
Texto associado
Texto 1A18-I
Nos Estados Unidos da América, no século XIX, a
passagem da polícia do sistema de justiça para o de governo da
cidade significou também a passagem da noção de caça aos
criminosos para a prevenção dos crimes, em um deslocamento do
ato para o ator. Como na Europa, a ênfase na prevenção teria
representado nova atitude diante do controle social, com o
desenvolvimento pela polícia de uma habilidade específica, a de
explicar e prevenir o comportamento criminoso. Isso acabou
redundando no foco nas “classes perigosas”, ou seja, em setores
específicos da sociedade vistos como produtores de
comportamento criminoso. Nesse processo, desenvolveram-se os
vários campos de saber vinculados aos sistemas de justiça
criminal, polícia e prisão, voltados para a identificação, para a
explicação e para a prevenção do comportamento criminoso,
agora visto como “desviante”, como a medicina legal, a
psiquiatria e, especialmente, a criminologia.
Na Europa ocidental, as novas instituições estatais de
vigilância deveriam controlar o exercício da força em sociedades
em que os níveis de violência física nas relações interpessoais e
do Estado com a sociedade estavam em declínio. De acordo com
a difundida teoria do processo civilizador, de Norbert Elias, no
Ocidente moderno, a agressividade, assim como outras emoções
e prazeres, foi domada, “refinada” e “civilizada”. O autor
estabelece um contraste entre a violência “franca e desinibida” do
período medieval, que não excluía ninguém da vida social e era
socialmente permitida e até certo ponto necessária, e o
autocontrole e a moderação das emoções que acabaram por se
impor na modernidade. A conversão do controle que se exercia
por terceiros no autocontrole é relacionada à organização e à
estabilização de Estados modernos, nos quais a monopolização
da força física em órgãos centrais permitiu a criação de espaços
pacificados. Em tais espaços, os indivíduos passaram a ser
submetidos a regras e leis mais rigorosas, mas ficaram mais
protegidos da irrupção da violência na sua vida, na medida em
que as ameaças físicas tornaram-se despersonalizadas e
monopolizadas por especialistas.
C. Mauch. Considerações sobre a história da polícia. In: MÉTIS:
história & cultura, v. 6, n.º 11, jan./jun. 2007, p. 107-19 (com adaptações).
Com relação às ideias e aos aspectos linguísticos do texto 1A18-I precedente, julgue o item a seguir.
Seriam mantidos a correção gramatical e os sentidos do texto
caso o segundo período do primeiro parágrafo fosse reescrito
da seguinte maneira: Porque nos países europeus houve
empenho em prevenir crimes, o que representou nova atitude
de controle social, o resultado foi o desenvolvimento de uma
habilidade específica pelas autoridades policiais: a de
explicar e prevenir o crime.
Conheça nossos planos