Questões Vestibular de Inglês - Página 7

Q2030423

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030423 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The superlative forms of the adjectives accurate, large, and easy are, respectively,

A

the most accurate, the largest, the easiest.

B

the more accurate, the larger, the easier.

C

the most accurate, the most large, the most easy.

D

the accuratest, the larger, the easiest.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030422

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030422 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The phrase “The research, published in Science Advances…” (lines 10-11) can be correctly rewritten as

A

“The research, that publishes in Science Advances…”.

B

“The research, that will publish in Science Advances…”.

C

“The research, that was published in Science Advances…”.

D

“The research, that was publishing in Science Advances…”.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030421

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030421 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

“There are no data standards” (lines 73-74) can be correctly rewritten as

A

“There aren't no data standards”.

B

“There isn’t no data standards”.

C

“There's been any data standards”.

D

“There aren't any data standards”.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030420

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030420 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

In the phrases “Of the total exported” (line 23) and “in countries considered” (line 24), the two verbs are in the

A

past participle.

B

past continuous.

C

past perfect.

D

simple past.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030419

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030419 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

“They settled on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent” (lines 66-67) is a/an

A

noun clause.

B

simple sentence.

C

adverb clause.

D

complex sentence.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030418

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030418 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

“At a minimum” (line 41) and “in the team's previous study” (lines 41-43) are examples of

A

simple sentences.

B

participle phrases.

C

prepositional phrases.

D

complex sentences.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030417

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030417 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

“…while the earlier one did not” (lines 17-18) is a/an

A

complex sentence.

B

simple sentence.

C

noun clause.

D

adverb clause.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030416

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030416 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The verbs in “...ends up in countries considered to have inadequate waste management” (lines 24-25) are, respectively,

A

regular, regular, irregular.

B

irregular, regular, regular.

C

regular, irregular, irregular.

D

irregular, irregular, irregular.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030415

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030415 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

In the sentence “Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped overseas, he said, data is often not recorded at all” (lines 75-77), the underlined verbs are, respectively,

A

simple present passive, simple past, simple present passive.

B

present perfect, simple past, past perfect.

C

simple present passive, past continuous, past perfect.

D

present perfect passive, simple past, past continuous passive.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030414

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030414 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

In the sentence “They've put their best estimate, as accurate as they could be with this data, he said, and used ranges, which underscores that...” (lines 83-86), the underlined verbs are, respectively,

A

simple present, past continuous.

B

present perfect, simple present.

C

present perfect, present continuous.

D

simple present, present perfect.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030413

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030413 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The words “recycling” (line 3), “littering” (line 40), and “being” (line 55) are respectively used as

A

noun, noun, verb, adjective.

B

adjective, verb, adjective.

C

verb, noun, adjective.

D

noun, noun, verb.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030412

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030412 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

In “Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who was not involved in the study, said it could offer a more accurate accounting of plastic pollution...” (lines 78- 81), there is an example of

A

adjective clause.

B

adverb clause.

C

infinitive phrase.

D

simple sentence.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030411

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030411 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The sentence “The United States, which does not have sufficient infrastructure to handle its recycling demands at home, exports about half of its recyclable waste.” (lines 19-22) contains a/an

A

adverb time clause.

B

restrictive adjective clause.

C

non-restrictive adjective clause.

D

adverbial place clause.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030410

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030410 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The sentence “The study estimates that in 2016, the United States contributed between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of plastic waste to the oceans…” (lines 36-39) contains a/an

A

subject noun clause.

B

restrictive adjective clause.

C

non-restrictive adjective clause.

D

object noun clause.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030409

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030409 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

Considering the information provided in the text, it is clear that of the total plastic waste in the United States

A

almost 100% is recycled.

B

less than 10% goes into its recycling system.

C

around 80% is shipped to poor countries.

D

more and more has been recycled in the last decade.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030408

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030408 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

A high percentage of the USA's exported recyclable waste goes to countries that

A

belong to the Third World.

B

don't have a proper waste management.

C

have a fine infrastructure to handle it.

D

provide good data on disposal of waste.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030407

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030407 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

The article mentions that half of the American recyclable waste is

A

exported to other countries.

B

easy to process.

C

sent to Mexico.

D

not contaminated.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

Aprenda mais ensinando outros alunos ao comentar esta questão.

Q2030406

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030406 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

One of the factors that contributes to the huge amount of plastic waste is the fact that

A

waste-disposal practices only occur in a few countries.

B

scientists do not use a good professional judgement.

C

it easily escapes into the environment.

D

it is not really recyclable.

Você errou! Resposta:

Acesse Comentários para encontrar explicações sobre a solução da questão.

Parabéns! Você acertou!

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Q2030405

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030405 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

According to the text, the United States

A

has the best infrastructure to handle recycling materials.

B

pollutes even the lawn in the White House.

C

is incapable of handling its domestic recycling demands.

D

does not have enough quality data on waste disposal.

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Q2030404

Ano: 2020 Banca: UECE-CEV Órgão: UECE Prova: UECE-CEV - 2020 - UECE - Vestibular - Conhecimentos Específicos - Primeiro Dia - Prova 1 - Inglês |

Q2030404 Inglês

Texto associado

Americans May Add Five Times More Plastic to the Oceans Than Thought

The United States is using more

plastic than ever, and waste exported for

recycling is often mishandled, according

to a new study.

The United States contribution

to coastal plastic pollution worldwide is

significantly larger than previously

thought, possibly by as much as five

times, according to a study published

Friday. The research, published in Science

Advances, is the sequel to a 2015 paper

by the same authors. Two factors

contributed to the sharp increase:

Americans are using more plastic than

ever and the current study included

pollution generated by United States

exports of plastic waste, while the earlier

one did not.

The United States, which does

not have sufficient infrastructure to

handle its recycling demands at home,

exports about half of its recyclable waste.

Of the total exported, about 88 percent

ends up in countries considered to have

inadequate waste management.

“When you consider how much

of our plastic waste isn’t actually

recyclable because it is low-value,

contaminated or difficult to process, it’s

not surprising that a lot of it ends up

polluting the environment,” said the

study’s lead author, Kara Lavender Law,

research professor of oceanography at

Sea Education Association, in a

statement.

The study estimates that in

2016, the United States contributed

between 1.1 and 2.2 million metric tons of

plastic waste to the oceans through a

combination of littering, dumping and

mismanaged exports. At a minimum,

that’s almost double the total estimated

waste in the team’s previous study. At the

high end, it would be a fivefold increase

over the earlier estimate.

Nicholas Mallos, a senior

director at the Ocean Conservancy and an

author of the study, said the upper

estimate would be equal to a pile of

plastic covering the area of the White

House Lawn and reaching as high as the

Empire State Building.

The ranges are wide partly

because “there’s no real standard for

being able to provide good quality data on

collection and disposal of waste in

general,” said Ted Siegler, a resource

economist at DSM Environmental

Solutions, a consulting firm, and an

author of the study. Mr. Siegler said the

researchers had evaluated waste-disposal

practices in countries around the world

and used their “best professional

judgment” to determine the lowest and

highest amounts of plastic waste likely to

escape into the environment. They settled

on a range of 25 percent to 75 percent.

Tony Walker, an associate

professor at the Dalhousie University

School for Resource and Environmental

Studies in Halifax, Nova Scotia, said that

analyzing waste data can amount to a

“data minefield” because there are no

data standards across municipalities.

Moreover, once plastic waste is shipped

overseas, he said, data is often not

recorded at all.

Nonetheless, Dr. Walker, who

was not involved in the study, said it

could offer a more accurate accounting of

plastic pollution than the previous study,

which likely underestimated the United

States’ contribution. “They’ve put their

best estimate, as accurate as they can be

with this data,” he said, and used ranges,

which underscores that the figures are

estimates.

Of the plastics that go into the

United States recycling system, about 9

percent of the country’s total plastic

waste, there is no guarantee that they’ll

be remade into new consumer goods. New

plastic is so inexpensive to manufacture

that only certain expensive, high-grade

plastics are profitable to recycle within the

United States, which is why roughly half

of the country’s plastic waste was shipped

abroad in 2016, the most recent year for

which data is available.

Since 2016, however, the

recycling landscape has changed. China

and many countries in Southeast Asia

have stopped accepting plastic waste

imports. And lower oil prices have further

reduced the market for recycled plastic.

“What the new study really underscores is

we have to get a handle on source

reduction at home,” Mr. Mallos said. “That

starts with eliminating unnecessary and

problematic single-use plastics.”

From: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/30/

As to the use of plastic by Americans, the text mentions that it

A

has been significantly reduced in recent years.

B

is higher than in any other period in history.

C

increased in relation to last year, but it is not as high as in the 90s.

D

is in a very slow process of descent.

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