Questões de Inglês - Sinônimos | Synonyms para Concurso
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Based on the text, judge the following item.
“Although” in “Although they differ” (line 2) can be
correctly replaced by though.
Based on the text, judge the following item.
“most” in “most of the stories” (line 15) and the word all
are not synonyms.
TEXT I
In Europe, Weber still rules
Statecrafting
Jul 13, 2016
Steven Van de Walle
True, many tools and management practices associated with the NPM such as staff performance talks or management by objectives have become very common. Across all countries, the almost 7000 top civil servants we surveyed list achieving results and ensuring an efficient use of resources among the most important roles they have. They are also in agreement that, compared to five years ago, the public sector has made major progress in terms of efficiency and service quality — two main objectives of the NPM.
There are ‘NPM champions’ — countries that have gone further than others in reforming the Weberian state. Think the UK or the Netherlands, where public employment is increasingly normalised, and delivery contracted out. But even there, the structures of traditional public administration remain firmly in place.
Some elements of the NPM are still mainly absent from current management practice in European countries. Internal steering by contract is not very common, and performance related pay is very rare despite the popularity in reform talk. The weak presence of flexible employment also shows that the Weberian model still dominates. Despite attempts to normalize public employment in some countries, civil servants still enjoy a unique statute. We also observed this during the fiscal crisis, where outright firing permanent civil servants or cutting salaries has been relatively rare.
For civil servants, referring issues upwards in the hierarchy is still the dominant response in situations when responsibilities or interests conflict with that of other organisations. European top civil servants consider the impartial implementation of laws and rules as one of their dominant roles, and largely prefer state provision of services over market provision, with the exception of the British, Danish, and Dutch.
There are clear country differences, with management ‘champions’ such as the UK, Estonia, Norway and the Netherlands, and more legalistic and traditional public administrations such as in Austria, France, Germany, Hungary and Spain. The adoption of newer reform ideas suggest that the Weberian state may now be in decline. Yet some of the other findings of the survey, reported above, show that Weberianism’s main ideas are still deeply embedded in European countries.
(Source: https://statecrafting.net/in-europe-weber-still-rulesa851866dbf02. Retrieved on January 21st, 2018)
Based on the text, judge the following item.
“More often than not” (line 7) means usually.
Cow Threat
Cows are walking machines. They transform materials (grass, hay, water, and feed) into finished products (milk, beef, leather, and so on).
As any factory, cows produce waste. Solid waste is eliminated through the rear end of these ‘complex machines’, and it is used as fertilizer.
The fermentation process in their four stomachs produces gas. These walking machines have two chimneys: one in the front end, and other in the rear end. Gaseous emissions through the front end chimney are called burps. Cows burp a lot. Every minute and half these burps release methane gas. Methane is dangerous to the planet because it contributes to the greenhouse effect.
The world population is growing very fast. That means there are more people eating beef. Consequently, there is more cattle – more walking machines – producing more methane gas.
This is the problem, but very few people want to change their eating habits. What about you?
Analyze these sentences:
1. The words people and cattle are being used in the text as nouns in the singular form.
2. In “…and it is used as fertilizer.”, the underlined word is an example of the comparative of equality.
3. The word in bold in “Consequently, there is more cattle” can be replaced by therefore without changing its meaning.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct ones.
Cow Threat
Cows are walking machines. They transform materials (grass, hay, water, and feed) into finished products (milk, beef, leather, and so on).
As any factory, cows produce waste. Solid waste is eliminated through the rear end of these ‘complex machines’, and it is used as fertilizer.
The fermentation process in their four stomachs produces gas. These walking machines have two chimneys: one in the front end, and other in the rear end. Gaseous emissions through the front end chimney are called burps. Cows burp a lot. Every minute and half these burps release methane gas. Methane is dangerous to the planet because it contributes to the greenhouse effect.
The world population is growing very fast. That means there are more people eating beef. Consequently, there is more cattle – more walking machines – producing more methane gas.
This is the problem, but very few people want to change their eating habits. What about you?
Analyze the sentences according to structure and grammar use.
1. The words they and their, in bold in the text, are object pronoun and possessive adjective, respectively.
2. The negative form of: “These walking machines have two chimneys”, is “These walking machines haven’t two chimneys”.
3. The underlined word in the following sentence: “These walking machines” is a gerund form.
4. The word release is synonym of discharge.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct ones.
Text 5A7-I
Judge the following item, concerning the vocabulary used in text 5A7-I.
The word “undisputed” (l.30) may be replaced by
unquestioned, without altering the meaning of the sentence.
Text 5A7-I
Judge the following item, concerning the vocabulary used in text 5A7-I.
The phrase unprecedented suffering conveys the same idea
as “untold suffering” (l.6).
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text VI, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The word “simmering” (L.15) could be replaced by vocal without altering the general meaning of the passage.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text VI, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The idiom “Across the pond” (L.19) could be replaced by
Overseas, without altering the meaning of the sentence.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text VI, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The word “aegis” (L.36) could be replaced by auspices in this
particular context.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text VI, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The phrase “obtain more” (L. 10 and 11) could be correctly
replaced by accrue, without altering the meaning of the
passage.
In text V, without altering the general meaning of the sentence, “enthralled” (L.8) could be replaced by (mark right — C — or wrong — E)
colorful.
In text V, without altering the general meaning of the sentence, “enthralled” (L.8) could be replaced by (mark right — C — or wrong — E)
eccentric.
In text V, without altering the general meaning of the sentence, “enthralled” (L.8) could be replaced by (mark right — C — or wrong — E)
captivated.
In text V, without altering the general meaning of the sentence, “enthralled” (L.8) could be replaced by (mark right — C — or wrong — E)
bewitched.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text IV, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The expression “on a par with” (L.30) means competing.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text III, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The expression “come to grief” (L.10) means to end in failure.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text III, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).
The word “armoury” (L.3) can be correctly replaced by arsenal
since both words can be used in the context to indicate the
skills a diplomat should have.
Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text II, decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E).
As used in the text, the word “posit” (L.26) is synonymous
with ignore.
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