Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre sistemas operacionais
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Real-time
A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating system that aims at executing real-time applications. Real-time operating systems often use specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a deterministic nature of behavior. The main objective of real-time operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events. They have an event-driven or time-sharing design and often aspects of both. An event-driven system switches between tasks based on their priorities or external events while time-sharing operating systems switch tasks based on clock interrupts.
Multi-user
A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a computer system at the same time. Time-sharing systems and Internet servers can be classified as multi-user systems as they enable multiple-user access to a computer through the sharing of time. Single-user operating systems have only one user but may allow multiple programs to run at the same time.
Multi-tasking vs. single-tasking
A multi-tasking operating system allows more than one program to be running at the same time, from the point of view of human time scales. A single-tasking system has only one running program. Multi-tasking can be of two types: pre-emptive and co-operative. In pre-emptive multitasking, the operating system slices the CPU time and dedicates one slot to each of the programs. Unix-like operating systems such as Solaris and Linux support pre-emptive multitasking, as does AmigaOS. Cooperative multitasking is achieved by relying on each process to give time to the other processes in a defined manner. 16-bit versions of Microsoft Windows used cooperative multi-tasking. 32-bit versions of both Windows NT and Win9x, used pre-emptive multi-tasking. Mac OS prior to OS X used to support cooperative multitasking.
Distributed
A distributed operating system manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer. The development of networked computers that could be linked and communicate with each other gave rise to distributed computing. Distributed computations are carried out on more than one machine. When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a distributed system.
Embedded
Embedded operating systems are designed to be used in embedded computer systems. They are designed to operate on small machines like PDAs with less autonomy. They are able to operate with a limited number of resources. They are very compact and extremely efficient by design. Windows CE and Minix 3 are some examples of embedded operating systems.
Based on the text above, judge the following item.
When a distributed operating system is used for managing several independent computers, this group of computers appears to behave like a single computer.
ter a arquitetura com microkernel.
A suíte de aplicativos do Linux StarOffice, disponível gratuitamente na Internet, permite a edição de documentos com diferentes padrões, os quais podem ser abertos para modificações em aplicativos Windows.
O comando touch é utilizado para criar um arquivo vazio.
I - O comando cp a b copia o arquivo a para um outro chamado b, deixando o original intacto.
II - O comando ls *.c relaciona todos os arquivos cujas extensões sejam .c.
III - O comando wc -l <a >b & executa um contador de palavras, para contar o número de linhas (flag –l) de sua entrada, a, escrevendo o resultado b, em modo foreground (que está definido pelo &).
IV - O comando grep ard f, retira todas as linhas contendo a cadeia ‘ard’ do arquivo f.
É correto afirmar que:
O shell é executado em um ambiente controlado pelas variáveis de ambiente, que são definições e valores que o shell e outros programas utilizam para configuração no momento em que é realizado o login.
No caso do terminal services, a conexão remota é feita por meio do protocolo VNC sobre o protocolo TCP.
I – O Linux é um software gratuito. II – O Linux é um software essencialmente bancário. III – Atualmente, o Linux não é mais utilizado.
O Remote Desktop Connection é o servidor padrão para o terminal services no Windows 2003.
Para o funcionamento do Active Directory, é necessário que, no ambiente Windows em que ele esteja instalado, exista um firewall de contexto, configurado e ativado.
A introdução de redundância aumenta a entropia do sistema e, portanto, o desorganiza.
A presença de ruído pode dar origem a um processo de auto-organização.
No sistema Linux, o KVM é um adaptador que permite ligar dois ou mais microcomputadores no mesmo teclado, mouse e monitor.