Questões de Concurso Público TBG 2023 para Engenheiro Júnior – Ênfase: Manutenção, Mecânica

Foram encontradas 100 questões

Q2281240 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


Oppenheimer’s paper on black holes received little attention at the time it was published.

Alternativas
Q2281241 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


According to Cathryn Carson, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes was meaningless at the time it was developed.

Alternativas
Q2281242 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


With the help of his students, Oppenheimer could easily shift from one research topic to another.

Alternativas
Q2281243 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


The word “war” (first sentence of the second paragraph) refers to any war.

Alternativas
Q2281244 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


Hartland Snyder helped Oppenheimer write his least relevant paper in physics.

Alternativas
Q2281245 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)
Based on the vocabulary and linguistic aspects of text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.
The pronoun “they” (last sentence of the last paragraph) refers to the word “assumptions”.
Alternativas
Q2281246 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on the vocabulary and linguistic aspects of text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


The word “overshadowed” (first sentence of the second paragraph) means, in the context of text CB1A2-I, “made less noticeable”. 

Alternativas
Q2281247 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on the vocabulary and linguistic aspects of text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


The word “installment” (first sentence of the first paragraph) means, in the context of text CB1A2-I, “to make it ready to use”.

Alternativas
Q2281248 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on the vocabulary and linguistic aspects of text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


The word “physicists” means “medical doctors”. 

Alternativas
Q2281249 Inglês
Text CB1A2-I

        Oppenheimer’s brief advance into astrophysics began with a 1938 paper about neutron stars, which continued in a 1939 installment that further incorporated the principles of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. He then published a third paper on black holes on September 1st, 1939—but at the time, it was scarcely noticed because this was the very day Germany invaded Poland, launching World War II. Oppenheimer never wrote on the topic again.
        Even if it hadn’t been overshadowed by war, Oppenheimer’s work on neutron stars and black holes “was not understood to be terribly significant at the time,” says Cathryn Carson, a historian of science at the University of California, Berkeley.
        Each paper was written with a different member of the swarm of graduate students that Oppenheimer carefully cultivated. These protégés facilitated his ability to jump between research topics—and ultimately, helped him develop some of his most important contributions to physics.
        Oppenheimer’s climactic third paper, written with his student Hartland Snyder, explores the implications of general relativity on the universe’s most massive stars. Although the physicists needed to include some assumptions to simplify the question, they determined that a large enough star would gravitationally collapse indefinitely—and within a finite amount of time, meaning that the objects we now know as black holes could exist.

Internet: <scientificamerican.com> (adapted)

Based on the vocabulary and linguistic aspects of text CB1A2-I, judge the following item.


Graduate students are people studying for a master’s degree or doctorate.

Alternativas
Q2283480 Engenharia de Petróleo
Julgue o item subsequente, no que diz respeito às especificações bem como aos fatores de seleção e meios de ligação para tubulações industriais na área de petróleo e gás. 
A união de tubulações, componentes e acessórios realizada por conexões com roscas tem emprego limitado nas instalações industriais de gás natural, sendo proibida em serviços considerados críticos ou perigosos. 
Alternativas
Q2283481 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item subsequente, no que diz respeito às especificações bem como aos fatores de seleção e meios de ligação para tubulações industriais na área de petróleo e gás. 


Devido à sua grande resistência à corrosão e ao seu baixo custo, as tubulações de aço SAE 1020 são recomendadas para aplicações sujeitas à alta corrosão. 

Alternativas
Q2283482 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item subsequente, no que diz respeito às especificações bem como aos fatores de seleção e meios de ligação para tubulações industriais na área de petróleo e gás. 


Embora a união por flanges sobrepostos tenha baixo custo e sua instalação seja mais fácil que a de outros tipos de flanges, ela não é recomendável em serviços severos que envolvam pressões elevadas em tubulações de vapor, significativas variações cíclicas de temperatura ou em casos de ocorrência de corrosão sob contato. 

Alternativas
Q2283483 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item subsequente, no que diz respeito às especificações bem como aos fatores de seleção e meios de ligação para tubulações industriais na área de petróleo e gás. 


A soldagem por brasagem é um método de conexão permanente amplamente utilizado em sistemas de tubulação de petróleo e gás. 

Alternativas
Q2283484 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item a seguir, relativo aos componentes empregados em tubulações industriais, como válvulas, purgadores, filtros e separadores.


Dada a sua alta capacidade de controle de vazão, as válvulas de esfera comuns são a melhor opção quando se requer um controle preciso do fluxo de fluidos.

Alternativas
Q2283485 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item a seguir, relativo aos componentes empregados em tubulações industriais, como válvulas, purgadores, filtros e separadores.


Separadores gravitacionais são utilizados para a remoção de partículas sólidas que possam estar presentes no fluxo de gás, pois eles funcionam com base no princípio de ação da força centrífuga sobre essas partículas. 

Alternativas
Q2283486 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item a seguir, relativo aos componentes empregados em tubulações industriais, como válvulas, purgadores, filtros e separadores.


O filtro de cesto é projetado para filtrar sólidos presentes no gás natural por meio de malha metálica, com grande área filtrante, o que garante alta capacidade de reter sólidos particulados, e o fluxo de dentro para fora do cesto permite que o contaminante seja retido no filtro. 

Alternativas
Q2283487 Engenharia de Petróleo

Julgue o item a seguir, relativo aos componentes empregados em tubulações industriais, como válvulas, purgadores, filtros e separadores.


Purgadores de boia são empregados em instalações de gás natural para a remoção de condensado acumulado em separadores e equipamentos de processamento. 

Alternativas
Q2283488 Engenharia de Petróleo


Internet: <e-education.psu.edu> (com adaptações). 


          O esquema precedente ilustra uma unidade de tratamento de gás natural (GN) recebido em estado bruto dos poços de exploração. Nas condições operacionais dessa unidade, uma produção de GN de 10 kg/s é enviada para processamento, além de gás natural liquefeito (GNL), não mostrado no processo. 


          Aplicam-se, ainda, as seguintes simplificações:

          • variações de energia cinética e potência são desprezíveis;

          • não há troca de calor com as vizinhanças dos volumes de controle nos processos;

          • as fases gás e líquido nos separadores estão em equilíbrio;

          • as perdas de carga no escoamento são desprezíveis; • o efeito da água e de outros componentes sobre as propriedades mostradas para o gás natural não devem ser considerados. 


         As propriedades de saturação do GN são informadas na tabela a seguir, em que T significa temperatura; P, pressão absoluta; h1 e hv, as entalpias específicas do líquido e do vapor saturados, respectivamente; s1 e sv, as entropias específicas do líquido e do vapor saturados, respectivamente.




Considerando o esquema e as informações precedentes, julgue o item subsequente, no que concerne à unidade de tratamento de gás natural em questão. 


O cooler 2 resfria o vapor superaquecido proveniente do compressor LP até o estado de vapor saturado na pressão de 2.604 kPa. 

Alternativas
Q2283489 Engenharia de Petróleo


Internet: <e-education.psu.edu> (com adaptações). 


          O esquema precedente ilustra uma unidade de tratamento de gás natural (GN) recebido em estado bruto dos poços de exploração. Nas condições operacionais dessa unidade, uma produção de GN de 10 kg/s é enviada para processamento, além de gás natural liquefeito (GNL), não mostrado no processo. 


          Aplicam-se, ainda, as seguintes simplificações:

          • variações de energia cinética e potência são desprezíveis;

          • não há troca de calor com as vizinhanças dos volumes de controle nos processos;

          • as fases gás e líquido nos separadores estão em equilíbrio;

          • as perdas de carga no escoamento são desprezíveis; • o efeito da água e de outros componentes sobre as propriedades mostradas para o gás natural não devem ser considerados. 


         As propriedades de saturação do GN são informadas na tabela a seguir, em que T significa temperatura; P, pressão absoluta; h1 e hv, as entalpias específicas do líquido e do vapor saturados, respectivamente; s1 e sv, as entropias específicas do líquido e do vapor saturados, respectivamente.




Considerando o esquema e as informações precedentes, julgue o item subsequente, no que concerne à unidade de tratamento de gás natural em questão. 


A eficiência isentrópica de compressão do compressor LP é de 75%. 

Alternativas
Respostas
21: C
22: E
23: C
24: E
25: E
26: E
27: C
28: E
29: E
30: C
31: C
32: E
33: C
34: E
35: E
36: E
37: C
38: C
39: C
40: E