Questões de Concurso sobre Inglês

Q3321446

Ano: 2025 Banca: FUVEST Órgão: USP Prova: FUVEST - 2025 - USP - Professor de Educação Infantil (PROFEI) |

Q3321446 Inglês

Texto associado

Rain Is Coming to Burning Los Angeles and Will Bring Its Own Risks

Rain is forecast to begin as soon as Saturday afternoon and to continue as late as Monday evening, says meteorologist Kristan Lund of the National Weather Service’s Los Angeles office. The area desperately needs the precipitation, but experts are warily monitoring the situation because rain poses its own risks in recently burned areas— most notably the potential occurrence of mudslides and similar hazards. “Rain is good because we’ve been so dry,” Lund says. “However, if we get heavier rain rates or we get the thunderstorms, it’s actually a lot more dangerous because you can get debris flows.”

Fires do a couple of different things to the landscape that can increase the risk of burned material, soil and detritus hurtling out of control. When fires burn hot or long enough, they leave an invisible layer of waxy material just under the surface of the ground. This develops from decomposing leaves and other organic material, which contain naturally hydrophobic or water-repellent compounds. Fire can vaporize this litter, and the resulting gas seeps into the upper soil—where it quickly cools and condenses, forming the slippery layer.

When rain falls on ground that has been affected by this phenomenon, it can’t sink beyond the hydrophobic layer— so the water flows away, often hauling debris with it. “All of the trees, branches, everything that’s been burned—unfortunately, if it rains, that stuff just floats,” Lund says. “It’s really concerning.” Even a fire that isn’t severe enough to create a hydrophobic layer can still cause debris flows, says Danielle Touma, a climate scientist at the University of Texas at Austin. Under normal conditions, trees and other plants usually trap some rain above the surface, slowing the water’s downward journey. But on freshly burned land there’s much less greenery to interfere; all the rain immediately hits the ground. [...]

Fortunately, the rain should also help firefighters tame the blazes that remain active. The largest, the Palisades Fire, is currently 77 percent contained. The second largest, the Eaton Fire, is 95 percent contained. The Hughes Fire is third largest and only 56 percent contained. A fire can be fully contained but still burning. The containment percentage refers to the amount of the perimeter that has barriers that firefighters expect will prevent further spread.

Scientific American. January 27th, 2025. Adaptado.

O termo "litter”, no parágrafo 2, refere-se

A

ao gás que é liberado pela decomposição das folhas durante as queimadas.

B

à substância que resulta na maior fertilidade do solo após o incêndio.

C

ao material utilizado pelos bombeiros para controlar incêndios florestais.

D

ao acumulado de cinzas que se forma após a queima do material decomposto.

E

à camada de material orgânico que cobre a superfície do solo.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3321445

Ano: 2025 Banca: FUVEST Órgão: USP Prova: FUVEST - 2025 - USP - Professor de Educação Infantil (PROFEI) |

Q3321445 Inglês

Texto associado

Rain Is Coming to Burning Los Angeles and Will Bring Its Own Risks

Rain is forecast to begin as soon as Saturday afternoon and to continue as late as Monday evening, says meteorologist Kristan Lund of the National Weather Service’s Los Angeles office. The area desperately needs the precipitation, but experts are warily monitoring the situation because rain poses its own risks in recently burned areas— most notably the potential occurrence of mudslides and similar hazards. “Rain is good because we’ve been so dry,” Lund says. “However, if we get heavier rain rates or we get the thunderstorms, it’s actually a lot more dangerous because you can get debris flows.”

Fires do a couple of different things to the landscape that can increase the risk of burned material, soil and detritus hurtling out of control. When fires burn hot or long enough, they leave an invisible layer of waxy material just under the surface of the ground. This develops from decomposing leaves and other organic material, which contain naturally hydrophobic or water-repellent compounds. Fire can vaporize this litter, and the resulting gas seeps into the upper soil—where it quickly cools and condenses, forming the slippery layer.

When rain falls on ground that has been affected by this phenomenon, it can’t sink beyond the hydrophobic layer— so the water flows away, often hauling debris with it. “All of the trees, branches, everything that’s been burned—unfortunately, if it rains, that stuff just floats,” Lund says. “It’s really concerning.” Even a fire that isn’t severe enough to create a hydrophobic layer can still cause debris flows, says Danielle Touma, a climate scientist at the University of Texas at Austin. Under normal conditions, trees and other plants usually trap some rain above the surface, slowing the water’s downward journey. But on freshly burned land there’s much less greenery to interfere; all the rain immediately hits the ground. [...]

Fortunately, the rain should also help firefighters tame the blazes that remain active. The largest, the Palisades Fire, is currently 77 percent contained. The second largest, the Eaton Fire, is 95 percent contained. The Hughes Fire is third largest and only 56 percent contained. A fire can be fully contained but still burning. The containment percentage refers to the amount of the perimeter that has barriers that firefighters expect will prevent further spread.

Scientific American. January 27th, 2025. Adaptado.

Com base no primeiro parágrafo e na opinião dos especialistas, qual das seguintes inferências pode ser feita?

A

A área queimada apresenta sérios danos, e as chuvas fortes podem auxiliar na recuperação do meio ambiente.

B

O meteorologista Kristan Lund acredita que a chuva será um problema, independentemente de sua intensidade.

C

Embora a chuva prevista para o fim de semana seja bem-vinda, há também preocupações devido aos riscos de deslizamentos de terra.

D

Como a possibilidade de deslizamentos de terra ocorre apenas nos locais não afetados por incêndios, os malefícios são imperceptíveis.

E

Uma vez que a região está bem-preparada para lidar com a ocorrência de chuvas, a área não está suscetível a riscos.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313578

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Fotônica – Subárea: Instrumentação em Fotônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Nanotecnologia – Subárea: Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Espectroscopia Aplicada – Subárea: Instrumentação em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Gestão da Informação – Subárea: Engenharia de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Transferência de Tecnologia e Comunicação – Subárea: Inovação Social |

Q3313578 Inglês

Texto associado

In the 20th century, we made tremendous advances in discovering fundamental principles in different scientific disciplines that created major breakthroughs in management and technology for agricultural systems, mostly by empirical means. However, as we enter the 21st century, agricultural research has more difficult and complex problems to solve.

The environmental consciousness of the general public is requiring us to modify farm management to protect water, air, and soil quality, while staying economically profitable. At the same time, market-based global competition in agricultural products is challenging economic viability of the traditional agricultural systems, and requires the development of new and dynamic production systems. Fortunately, the new electronic technologies can provide us a vast amount of real-time information about crop conditions and near-term weather via remote sensing by satellites or ground-based instruments and the Internet, that can be utilized to develop a whole new level of management. However, we need the means to capture and make sense of this vast amount of site-specific data.

Our customers, the agricultural producers, are asking for a quicker transfer of research results in an integrated usable form for site-specific management. Such a request can only be met with system models, because system models are indeed the integration and quantification of current knowledge based on fundamental principles and laws. Models enhance understanding of data taken under certain conditions and help extrapolate their applications to other conditions and locations.

Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell. Whole System Integration and Modeling — Essential to Agricultural Science and Technology in the 21st Century. In: Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell (eds.) Agricultural system models in field research and technology transfer. Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC, 2002 (adapted).

Considering the text presented above, judge the following items.

An acceptable translation into Portuguese of the first sentence of the text could be: No século XX, devido ao uso de meios empíricos, houve avanços tremendos no que diz respeito à descoberta de princípios fundamentais em diferentes áreas acadêmicas, o que levou a um progresso no manejo, na tecnologia e nos sistemas agrícolas.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313576

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Fotônica – Subárea: Instrumentação em Fotônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Nanotecnologia – Subárea: Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Espectroscopia Aplicada – Subárea: Instrumentação em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Gestão da Informação – Subárea: Engenharia de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Transferência de Tecnologia e Comunicação – Subárea: Inovação Social |

Q3313576 Inglês

Texto associado

In the 20th century, we made tremendous advances in discovering fundamental principles in different scientific disciplines that created major breakthroughs in management and technology for agricultural systems, mostly by empirical means. However, as we enter the 21st century, agricultural research has more difficult and complex problems to solve.

The environmental consciousness of the general public is requiring us to modify farm management to protect water, air, and soil quality, while staying economically profitable. At the same time, market-based global competition in agricultural products is challenging economic viability of the traditional agricultural systems, and requires the development of new and dynamic production systems. Fortunately, the new electronic technologies can provide us a vast amount of real-time information about crop conditions and near-term weather via remote sensing by satellites or ground-based instruments and the Internet, that can be utilized to develop a whole new level of management. However, we need the means to capture and make sense of this vast amount of site-specific data.

Our customers, the agricultural producers, are asking for a quicker transfer of research results in an integrated usable form for site-specific management. Such a request can only be met with system models, because system models are indeed the integration and quantification of current knowledge based on fundamental principles and laws. Models enhance understanding of data taken under certain conditions and help extrapolate their applications to other conditions and locations.

Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell. Whole System Integration and Modeling — Essential to Agricultural Science and Technology in the 21st Century. In: Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell (eds.) Agricultural system models in field research and technology transfer. Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC, 2002 (adapted).

Considering the text presented above, judge the following items.

From the last paragraph, it is correct to infer that, with the use of models, information gathered in a specific context can be of use and interest to farming communities somewhere else.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313574

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Fotônica – Subárea: Instrumentação em Fotônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Nanotecnologia – Subárea: Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Espectroscopia Aplicada – Subárea: Instrumentação em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Gestão da Informação – Subárea: Engenharia de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Transferência de Tecnologia e Comunicação – Subárea: Inovação Social |

Q3313574 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet:<nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

According to the text, alternative areas of crop science have emerged as a result of the need to increase food productivity.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313573

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Fotônica – Subárea: Instrumentação em Fotônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Nanotecnologia – Subárea: Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Espectroscopia Aplicada – Subárea: Instrumentação em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Gestão da Informação – Subárea: Engenharia de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Transferência de Tecnologia e Comunicação – Subárea: Inovação Social |

Q3313573 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet:<nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

The presence of inverted commas (“) in “primitive” and “backward” indicate that the authors agree with the descriptions used by imperial authorities to define some specific peoples.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313572

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Fotônica – Subárea: Instrumentação em Fotônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Nanotecnologia – Subárea: Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Espectroscopia Aplicada – Subárea: Instrumentação em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Gestão da Informação – Subárea: Engenharia de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Transferência de Tecnologia e Comunicação – Subárea: Inovação Social |

Q3313572 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet:<nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

Even though the authors acknowledge the benefits brought to humanity by plant breeding and agronomy, they present a critical view about some aspects of this development, such as the effects of colonialism.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313571

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Fotônica – Subárea: Instrumentação em Fotônica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Nanotecnologia – Subárea: Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Espectroscopia Aplicada – Subárea: Instrumentação em Ressonância Magnética Nuclear | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Gestão da Informação – Subárea: Engenharia de Dados | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Transferência de Tecnologia e Comunicação – Subárea: Inovação Social |

Q3313571 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet:<nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

According to the text, the farming communities in the Global South are no longer under the assumptions typical of the “international development programs” created in the 20^th century.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313389

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Automação e Mecanização | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Robótica e Sensoriamento |

Q3313389 Inglês

Texto associado

In the 20th century, we made tremendous advances in discovering fundamental principles in different scientific disciplines that created major breakthroughs in management and technology for agricultural systems, mostly by empirical means. However, as we enter the 21st century, agricultural research has more difficult and complex problems to solve.

The environmental consciousness of the general public is requiring us to modify farm management to protect water, air, and soil quality, while staying economically profitable. At the same time, market-based global competition in agricultural products is challenging economic viability of the traditional agricultural systems, and requires the development of new and dynamic production systems. Fortunately, the new electronic technologies can provide us a vast amount of real-time information about crop conditions and near-term weather via remote sensing by satellites or ground-based instruments and the Internet, that can be utilized to develop a whole new level of management. However, we need the means to capture and make sense of this vast amount of site-specific data.

Our customers, the agricultural producers, are asking for a quicker transfer of research results in an integrated usable form for site-specific management. Such a request can only be met with system models, because system models are indeed the integration and quantification of current knowledge based on fundamental principles and laws. Models enhance understanding of data taken under certain conditions and help extrapolate their applications to other conditions and locations.

Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell. Whole System Integration and Modeling — Essential to Agricultural Science and Technology in the 21st Century. In: Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell (eds.) Agricultural system models in field research and technology transfer. Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC, 2002 (adapted).

Considering the text presented above, judge the following items.

The text focuses on showing how the advances made in the 20^thcentury were essential to the development of the notion of agricultural systems.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313383

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Automação e Mecanização | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Robótica e Sensoriamento |

Q3313383 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet: (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

The presence of inverted commas (“) in “primitive” and “backward” indicate that the authors agree with the descriptions used by imperial authorities to define some specific peoples.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313382

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Automação e Mecanização | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Robótica e Sensoriamento |

Q3313382 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet: (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

Even though the authors acknowledge the benefits brought to humanity by plant breeding and agronomy, they present a critical view about some aspects of this development, such as the effects of colonialism.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313381

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: EMBRAPA Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Automação e Mecanização | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - EMBRAPA - Pesquisador – Área: Engenharias – Subárea: Robótica e Sensoriamento |

Q3313381 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet: (adapted)

Judge the following items about the text above.

According to the text, the farming communities in the Global South are no longer under the assumptions typical of the “international development programs” created in the 20^th century.

Certo

Errado

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3313277

Q3313277 Inglês

Texto associado

In the 20th century, we made tremendous advances in discovering fundamental principles in different scientific disciplines that created major breakthroughs in management and technology for agricultural systems, mostly by empirical means. However, as we enter the 21st century, agricultural research has more difficult and complex problems to solve.

The environmental consciousness of the general public is requiring us to modify farm management to protect water, air, and soil quality, while staying economically profitable. At the same time, market-based global competition in agricultural products is challenging economic viability of the traditional agricultural systems, and requires the development of new and dynamic production systems. Fortunately, the new electronic technologies can provide us a vast amount of real-time information about crop conditions and near-term weather via remote sensing by satellites or ground-based instruments and the Internet, that can be utilized to develop a whole new level of management. However, we need the means to capture and make sense of this vast amount of site-specific data.

Our customers, the agricultural producers, are asking for a quicker transfer of research results in an integrated usable form for site-specific management. Such a request can only be met with system models, because system models are indeed the integration and quantification of current knowledge based on fundamental principles and laws. Models enhance understanding of data taken under certain conditions and help extrapolate their applications to other conditions and locations.

Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell. Whole System Integration and Modeling — Essential to

Agricultural Science and Technology in the 21st Century. In: Lajpat R. Ahuja; Liwang Ma; Terry A. Howell

(eds.) Agricultural system models in field research and technology transfer.

Boca Raton, CRC Press LLC, 2002 (adapted).

Considering the text presented above, judge the following items.

The use of “However”, in the last sentence of the second paragraph, helps to indicate that the vast amount of data that technology can provide is not enough to meet the needs of agricultural producers.

Certo

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Q3313275

Q3313275 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet: <nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com> (adapted).

Judge the following items about the text above.

The following suggestion can be considered an adequate translation of the first sentence of the second paragraph: Cada vez mais, análises históricas também ressaltam o conhecimento que foi, de maneiras diferentes, usurpado, negligenciado, abandonado ou eliminado na busca da ciência agrária “moderna”.

Certo

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Q3313274

Q3313274 Inglês

Texto associado

Many studies reveal the contributions of plant breeding and agronomy to farm productivity and their role in reshaping global diets. However, historical accounts also implicate these sciences in the creation of new problems, from novel disease vulnerabilities propagated through industrial monocrops to the negative ecological and public health consequences of crops dependent on chemical inputs and industrialized food systems more generally.

Increasingly, historical analyses also highlight the expertise variously usurped, overlooked, abandoned, or suppressed in the pursuit of “modern” agricultural science. Experiment stations and “improved” plants were instruments of colonialism, means of controlling lands and lives of peoples typically labeled as “primitive” and “backward” by imperial authorities. In many cases, the assumptions of colonial improvers persisted in the international development programs that have sought since the mid-20th century to deliver “modern” science to farming communities in the Global South.

Awareness of these issues has brought alternative domains of crop science such as agroecology to the fore in recent decades, as researchers reconcile the need for robust crop knowledge and know-how with the imperatives of addressing social and environmental injustice.

Helen Anne Curry; Ryan Nehring. The history of crop science and the future of food. Internet: <nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com> (adapted).

Judge the following items about the text above.

According to the text, alternative areas of crop science have emerged as a result of the need to increase food productivity.

Certo

Errado

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teste

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Q3309389

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: AEB Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Analista em Ciência e Tecnologia Júnior – Especialidade: Qualquer Área de Formação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Tecnologista Júnior – Especialidade: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Tecnologista Júnior – Especialidade: Tecnologia da Informação |

Q3309389 Inglês

Texto associado

Text CB1A2

Spending time in space and having an unrivalled view of planet Earth is an experience many of us dream of, but the human body evolved to function in the gravity of Earth. So fully recovering from spending time in the weightlessness of space can take years.

“It’s a fact that space is by far the most extreme environment that humans have ever encountered and we’ve just not evolved to handle the extreme conditions,” Professor Damian Bailey, who studies human physiology, says. To begin with, the heart and blood vessels have an easier time as they no longer have to pump blood against gravity — and they start to weaken. And the bones become weaker and more brittle. There should be a balance between the cells breaking down old bone and those making new, but that balance is disrupted without the feedback and resistance of working against gravity. “Every month, about 1% of bones and muscles are going to wither away — it’s accelerated ageing,” Professor Bailey says.

Microgravity also distorts the vestibular system, which is how you balance and sense which way is up. In space, there is no up, down or sideways. It can be disorientating when you go up — and again when you return to Earth.

James Gallagher. What nine months in space does to the human body.

Internet: <bbc.com> (adapted).

About the vocabulary used in the second paragraph of text CB1A2, it is correct to affirm that “brittle” (third sentence) and ‘wither away’ (last sentence)

A

are used to describe physical conditions limited to people who travel into space.

B

can be understood as expressions used to describe the ‘accelerated ageing’ mentioned by Professor Bailey.

C

are verbs used to describe what happens to human muscles when in space.

D

can be respectively and correctly replaced with flexible and wear out.

E

are used as synonyms, as both express how the human body behaves in space.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3309388

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: AEB Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Analista em Ciência e Tecnologia Júnior – Especialidade: Qualquer Área de Formação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Tecnologista Júnior – Especialidade: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Tecnologista Júnior – Especialidade: Tecnologia da Informação |

Q3309388 Inglês

Texto associado

Text CB1A2

Spending time in space and having an unrivalled view of planet Earth is an experience many of us dream of, but the human body evolved to function in the gravity of Earth. So fully recovering from spending time in the weightlessness of space can take years.

“It’s a fact that space is by far the most extreme environment that humans have ever encountered and we’ve just not evolved to handle the extreme conditions,” Professor Damian Bailey, who studies human physiology, says. To begin with, the heart and blood vessels have an easier time as they no longer have to pump blood against gravity — and they start to weaken. And the bones become weaker and more brittle. There should be a balance between the cells breaking down old bone and those making new, but that balance is disrupted without the feedback and resistance of working against gravity. “Every month, about 1% of bones and muscles are going to wither away — it’s accelerated ageing,” Professor Bailey says.

Microgravity also distorts the vestibular system, which is how you balance and sense which way is up. In space, there is no up, down or sideways. It can be disorientating when you go up — and again when you return to Earth.

James Gallagher. What nine months in space does to the human body.

Internet: <bbc.com> (adapted).

Considering the second paragraph of text CB1A2, choose the correct option.

A

In the excerpt ‘it’s accelerated ageing’, the word ‘it’ is a singular pronoun replacing ‘1% of bones and muscles’.

B

In the fragment ‘It’s a fact that space is by far the most extreme environment that humans have ever encountered’, ‘that’ is a pronoun replacing the word ‘It’.

C

In “Professor Damian Bailey, who studies human physiology”, omitting the comma would not change the meaning of the fragment or harm its correctness.

D

In the fragment “There should be a balance between the cells breaking down old bone and those making new”, the word “those” refers to the cells that make bones smaller.

E

In the second sentence of the paragraph, both occurrences of the pronoun “they” refer to “the heart and blood vessels”.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3309387

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: AEB Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Analista em Ciência e Tecnologia Júnior – Especialidade: Qualquer Área de Formação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Tecnologista Júnior – Especialidade: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Tecnologista Júnior – Especialidade: Tecnologia da Informação |

Q3309387 Inglês

Texto associado

Text CB1A2

Spending time in space and having an unrivalled view of planet Earth is an experience many of us dream of, but the human body evolved to function in the gravity of Earth. So fully recovering from spending time in the weightlessness of space can take years.

“It’s a fact that space is by far the most extreme environment that humans have ever encountered and we’ve just not evolved to handle the extreme conditions,” Professor Damian Bailey, who studies human physiology, says. To begin with, the heart and blood vessels have an easier time as they no longer have to pump blood against gravity — and they start to weaken. And the bones become weaker and more brittle. There should be a balance between the cells breaking down old bone and those making new, but that balance is disrupted without the feedback and resistance of working against gravity. “Every month, about 1% of bones and muscles are going to wither away — it’s accelerated ageing,” Professor Bailey says.

Microgravity also distorts the vestibular system, which is how you balance and sense which way is up. In space, there is no up, down or sideways. It can be disorientating when you go up — and again when you return to Earth.

James Gallagher. What nine months in space does to the human body.

Internet: <bbc.com> (adapted).

It can be inferred from text CB1A2 that

A

the heart and blood vessels become more active because they have to work harder in space.

B

people feel off balance when they travel to space because of its dimensions.

C

the view of Earth from space is unlike any other thing a person may experience.

D

space is more dangerous for humans than extremely cold places on Earth.

E

there are no harmful physical effects for people who spend less than a month in space.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3309009

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: AEB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Analista em Ciência e Tecnologia Júnior – Especialidade: Cooperação Internacional |

Q3309009 Inglês

Texto associado

Text 1A4-II

The pursuit of space exploration represents one of the most captivating undertakings of the human race, serving as a testament to our inherent drive to comprehend the cosmos and our position within it. As humanity expands its reach beyond the confines of Earth, the intricate and essential relationship between technology and law grows increasingly intricate and indispensable.

The rapid progress of technology has ushered us into an era when endeavours in outer space, previously confined to the realm of science fiction, are now becoming tangible and feasible. The present circumstances require a comprehensive legal structure encompassing the existing range of space endeavours and the flexibility to accommodate dynamic technological advancements. The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 set the foundational legal principles governing space exploration activities. However, as humanity continues to explore space and private companies participate alongside sovereign nations, the intersection of technology and law serves as both a catalyst for progress and a cause of disagreement.

Bansi Kaneria; Shivam Pandey. Interplay Between Technology and Law in Space Exploration. In: IOSR Journal of Environmental Science Toxicology and Food Technology, 2024, 18 (03): 31-46 (adapted).

In the second paragraph of text 1A4-II, the expression “has ushered”

A

explains why endeavours in space are now “tangible and feasible”.

B

is a verbal tense used to help the reader grasp what “progress” means in the text.

C

has a meaning similar to has guided.

D

is written in the singular because of the word “technology”.

E

could be replaced with was ushering us without this changing the meaning of the sentence.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

Q3309008

Ano: 2025 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: AEB Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2025 - AEB - Analista em Ciência e Tecnologia Júnior – Especialidade: Cooperação Internacional |

Q3309008 Inglês

Texto associado

Text 1A4-II

The pursuit of space exploration represents one of the most captivating undertakings of the human race, serving as a testament to our inherent drive to comprehend the cosmos and our position within it. As humanity expands its reach beyond the confines of Earth, the intricate and essential relationship between technology and law grows increasingly intricate and indispensable.

The rapid progress of technology has ushered us into an era when endeavours in outer space, previously confined to the realm of science fiction, are now becoming tangible and feasible. The present circumstances require a comprehensive legal structure encompassing the existing range of space endeavours and the flexibility to accommodate dynamic technological advancements. The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 set the foundational legal principles governing space exploration activities. However, as humanity continues to explore space and private companies participate alongside sovereign nations, the intersection of technology and law serves as both a catalyst for progress and a cause of disagreement.

Bansi Kaneria; Shivam Pandey. Interplay Between Technology and Law in Space Exploration. In: IOSR Journal of Environmental Science Toxicology and Food Technology, 2024, 18 (03): 31-46 (adapted).

Based on the last paragraph of text 1A4-II, it is correct to conclude that the Outer Space Treaty of 1967

A

limited itself to imposing rules on the way private companies explore space travelling.

B

imposed the intersection of technology and law.

C

resulted in disagreements about space exploration in the 20th century.

D

was signed by most sovereign countries in the world.

E

was unable to foresee some aspects of today’s space exploration activities.

Você errou! Resposta:

teste

Parabéns! Você acertou!

teste

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