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Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Cozinheiro (CZA) |
Q2323670
Nutrição
A higienização é um processo completo que compreende
duas etapas. A primeira consiste na remoção de substâncias minerais ou orgânicas indesejáveis, e a segunda, na
redução da quantidade de microrganismos.
A segunda etapa, quando realizada no alimento, é denominada
A segunda etapa, quando realizada no alimento, é denominada
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Cozinheiro (CZA) |
Q2323668
Nutrição
O manejo de resíduos é uma etapa importante na manipulação de alimentos, uma vez que o acúmulo de resíduos
na área de preparação favorece a atração de pragas e
vetores.
Qual é a maneira adequada de manejo de resíduos dentro de um serviço de alimentação?
Qual é a maneira adequada de manejo de resíduos dentro de um serviço de alimentação?
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Cozinheiro (CZA) |
Q2323665
Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho
Ao atender a um caso de envenenamento, como primeira
medida deve-se
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Moço de Convés
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Moço de Máquinas |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Cozinheiro (CZA) |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Taifeiro |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Auxiliar de Saúde |
Q2323433
Português
Texto associado
Lixo nos mares
1 Os oceanos sofrem os efeitos das atividades humanas há milênios. Dejetos e resíduos orgânicos e inorgânicos gerados por essas atividades são levados para o mar por ventos, chuvas e rios, ou despejados diretamente ali. Os oceanos suportam toda essa sobrecarga? A resposta vem de análises que constatam sérios danos aos ecossistemas oceânicos: o lixo marinho, portanto, já é um grave problema ambiental.
2 O lixo de origem humana que entra no mar está presente nas imagens, hoje comuns, de animais emaranhados em materiais de todo tipo ou que ingeriram ou sufocaram com diferentes itens. Também é conhecida a imensa mancha de lixo que se acumula no chamado “giro” do oceano Pacífico Norte – os giros, existentes em todos os oceanos, são áreas em torno das quais se deslocam as correntes marinhas. Nas zonas centrais desses giros, as correntes têm baixa intensidade e quase não há ventos. Os resíduos que chegam ali ficam retidos e se acumulam, gerando enormes “lixões” oceânicos.
3 Detritos orgânicos (vegetais, animais, fezes e restos de alimento) não são considerados lixo marinho, porque em geral se decompõem rapidamente e se tornam nutrientes e alimentos para outros organismos. As fontes do lixo oceânico são comumente classificadas como “marinhas” (descartes por embarcações e plataformas de petróleo e gás) e “terrestres” (depósitos e descartes incorretos feitos em terra e levados para os rios pelas chuvas e daí para o mar, onde também chegam carregados pelo vento e até pelo gelo).
4 Apesar do sensacionalismo em torno desse tema, o estudo do lixo marinho tem bases científicas e envolve, em todo o mundo, cada vez mais pesquisadores e tomadores de decisão. Todos engajados na luta pela diminuição desse problema social e ambiental.
5 Os impactos ligados à presença do lixo no mar começaram a ser observados a partir da década de 1950, mas somente em 1975 foi definido o termo “lixo marinho”, hoje consagrado. Essa definição, da Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos, diz que é lixo marinho todo material sólido de origem humana descartado nos oceanos ou que os atinge por rios, córregos, esgotos e descargas domésticas e industriais.
6 O número de publicações mundiais, científicas e não científicas, sobre lixo marinho começou a aumentar a partir da década de 1980. Esse aumento se deve a três processos: 1) a contínua e crescente substituição, em vários tipos de utensílios, de materiais naturais pelos sintéticos – estes, como o plástico, resistem por mais tempo à degradação no ambiente marinho e tendem a se acumular; 2) o baixo custo dos materiais sintéticos, que não incentiva sua reciclagem e favorece o descarte no ambiente e 3) o aumento, na zona costeira, do número de habitantes e embarcações, que podem contribuir para o descarte de lixo no ambiente marinho.
7 Mas como evitar que o “lixo nosso de cada dia” chegue ao mar? E como retirar o que já está lá? É nesse ponto que a conservação marinha e a gestão de resíduos sólidos se encontram e se complementam.
8 Em 2013, realizou-se no Brasil a IV Conferência Nacional de Meio Ambiente, que formalizou 60 propostas sobre o meio ambiente. Duas enfocam o lixo marinho: a primeira está ligada à redução de impactos ambientais e a segunda é ligada à educação ambiental, com campanhas educativas de sensibilização sobre as consequências da disposição incorreta do lixo, com ênfase no ambiente marinho e nos danos causados à população humana.
OLIVEIRA, A. et al. Revista Ciência Hoje, n. 313, v. 53. Rio de Janeiro: SBPC. Abril 2014. Adaptado.
O emprego da vírgula está plenamente de acordo com
as exigências da norma-padrão da língua portuguesa em:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Moço de Convés
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Moço de Máquinas |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Cozinheiro (CZA) |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Taifeiro |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Auxiliar de Saúde |
Q2323431
Português
Texto associado
Lixo nos mares
1 Os oceanos sofrem os efeitos das atividades humanas há milênios. Dejetos e resíduos orgânicos e inorgânicos gerados por essas atividades são levados para o mar por ventos, chuvas e rios, ou despejados diretamente ali. Os oceanos suportam toda essa sobrecarga? A resposta vem de análises que constatam sérios danos aos ecossistemas oceânicos: o lixo marinho, portanto, já é um grave problema ambiental.
2 O lixo de origem humana que entra no mar está presente nas imagens, hoje comuns, de animais emaranhados em materiais de todo tipo ou que ingeriram ou sufocaram com diferentes itens. Também é conhecida a imensa mancha de lixo que se acumula no chamado “giro” do oceano Pacífico Norte – os giros, existentes em todos os oceanos, são áreas em torno das quais se deslocam as correntes marinhas. Nas zonas centrais desses giros, as correntes têm baixa intensidade e quase não há ventos. Os resíduos que chegam ali ficam retidos e se acumulam, gerando enormes “lixões” oceânicos.
3 Detritos orgânicos (vegetais, animais, fezes e restos de alimento) não são considerados lixo marinho, porque em geral se decompõem rapidamente e se tornam nutrientes e alimentos para outros organismos. As fontes do lixo oceânico são comumente classificadas como “marinhas” (descartes por embarcações e plataformas de petróleo e gás) e “terrestres” (depósitos e descartes incorretos feitos em terra e levados para os rios pelas chuvas e daí para o mar, onde também chegam carregados pelo vento e até pelo gelo).
4 Apesar do sensacionalismo em torno desse tema, o estudo do lixo marinho tem bases científicas e envolve, em todo o mundo, cada vez mais pesquisadores e tomadores de decisão. Todos engajados na luta pela diminuição desse problema social e ambiental.
5 Os impactos ligados à presença do lixo no mar começaram a ser observados a partir da década de 1950, mas somente em 1975 foi definido o termo “lixo marinho”, hoje consagrado. Essa definição, da Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos, diz que é lixo marinho todo material sólido de origem humana descartado nos oceanos ou que os atinge por rios, córregos, esgotos e descargas domésticas e industriais.
6 O número de publicações mundiais, científicas e não científicas, sobre lixo marinho começou a aumentar a partir da década de 1980. Esse aumento se deve a três processos: 1) a contínua e crescente substituição, em vários tipos de utensílios, de materiais naturais pelos sintéticos – estes, como o plástico, resistem por mais tempo à degradação no ambiente marinho e tendem a se acumular; 2) o baixo custo dos materiais sintéticos, que não incentiva sua reciclagem e favorece o descarte no ambiente e 3) o aumento, na zona costeira, do número de habitantes e embarcações, que podem contribuir para o descarte de lixo no ambiente marinho.
7 Mas como evitar que o “lixo nosso de cada dia” chegue ao mar? E como retirar o que já está lá? É nesse ponto que a conservação marinha e a gestão de resíduos sólidos se encontram e se complementam.
8 Em 2013, realizou-se no Brasil a IV Conferência Nacional de Meio Ambiente, que formalizou 60 propostas sobre o meio ambiente. Duas enfocam o lixo marinho: a primeira está ligada à redução de impactos ambientais e a segunda é ligada à educação ambiental, com campanhas educativas de sensibilização sobre as consequências da disposição incorreta do lixo, com ênfase no ambiente marinho e nos danos causados à população humana.
OLIVEIRA, A. et al. Revista Ciência Hoje, n. 313, v. 53. Rio de Janeiro: SBPC. Abril 2014. Adaptado.
De acordo com as regras de concordância nominal da
norma-padrão da língua portuguesa, a palavra destacada
está empregada corretamente em:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
Q2323385
Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho
O Anexo IV da Convenção Internacional para a Prevenção da Poluição por Navios (Marpol 73/78) prevê regras
para a prevenção da poluição por esgoto dos navios.
Segundo esse instrumento legal, há uma situação em que
é permitido o lançamento de esgoto de cozinha e de banheiros do navio, sem sólidos flutuantes visíveis ou sem
poder de descoloração da água, no mar aberto ou em mar
jurisdicionado a um Estado Nacional que tenha exigências ambientais tão rigorosas quanto as da Marpol 73/78.
Essa permissão é obtida quando a embarcação fizer a descarga a uma velocidade de
Essa permissão é obtida quando a embarcação fizer a descarga a uma velocidade de
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323334
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
The word or expression in parenthesis, adequately
related to the highlighted expressions in the excerpts
below is:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323333
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
The vessel that is NOT adequate to the mentioned cargo
transport is:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323332
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
The words adequately related to vessels and navigation
are presented at:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323331
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the eighth paragraph of the text, the author states that
new technology will
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323330
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the text fragment in the sixth paragraph of the text
“Predictive analytics is particularly valuable for identifying
potential problems before they occur, such as equipment
failures or weather hazards” the words in bold can be
replaced, without change in meaning, by
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323329
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the fragment in the fifth paragraph “Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate”, the
word Moreover can be associated with the idea of:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
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|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323328
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the fifth paragraph of the text, the author states that
“blockchain” is a technology that can
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323327
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
In the fragment in the fourth paragraph of the text “While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially, they
are expected to eventually become a common sight in the
world’s oceans”, the word they refers to
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323326
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
From the second paragraph of the text, one can conclude
that green technology can be achieved with
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323325
Inglês
Texto associado
Forthcoming innovation & trends in shipping industry
1 The shipping trends play a vital role in global
trade, transporting goods worth trillions of dollars
yearly. Population growth and continued urbanization
will also lead to an increase in demand for maritime
shipping services. The maritime shipping industry must
continue to innovate and adopt new technologies to
meet this increased demand. The following are some
of the most promising trends and innovations currently
taking place in the maritime shipping industry:
2 1. Green Technology - One of the most critical
trends in maritime shipping is the move toward green
technology. With increasing public awareness of
the need to protect the environment, it is becoming
increasingly crucial for maritime companies to adopt
green practices. Maritime companies invest in
cleaner-burning fuels such as LNG (liquefied natural
gas). LNG produces significantly lower emissions
than traditional marine fuels such as heavy fuel oil
(HFO) and diesel. Some maritime companies are also
experimenting with battery-powered ships to reduce
emissions further. While battery-powered ships are
not yet commercially viable on long voyages, they
show great promise for use on shorter routes.
3 2. Electric Ships - Global maritime transport emits
around 900 million tons of carbon dioxide annually,
accounting for 2-3% of the world’s total emissions. As
the push for decarbonization gathers momentum, it
is only a matter of time before electric ships become
the norm.
4 3. Autonomous Ships - Another exciting trend in
maritime shipping is the development of autonomous
ships. Autonomous ships have the potential to
revolutionize the industry. They offer many advantages
over traditional vessels, including reduced operating
costs, increased efficiency, and improved safety by
reducing the need for manual labor onboard ships.
In addition, automated systems are less susceptible
to human error than their manual counterparts. While
there are many regulatory hurdles to overcome before
autonomous vessels can be deployed commercially,
they are expected to eventually become a common
sight in the world’s oceans.
5 4. Blockchain - Blockchain technology is
also beginning to make its way into the maritime
shipping industry. Blockchain offers several potential
benefits for maritime companies, including improved
tracking of shipments and real-time visibility of their
location- this would minimize delays caused by lost
or misplaced cargo, reduce paperwork, and increase
transparency throughout the supply chain. Moreover,
blockchain-based smart contracts could automate
many administrative tasks related to shipping, such
as documentation and billing.
6 5. Big data and predictive analytics - Another
major trend transforming maritime shipping is the
increasing use of big data and predictive analytics.
The shipping industry generates vast amounts of data
that can be extremely valuable if analyzed correctly.
Big data analytics can improve everything from route
planning to fuel consumption. By harnessing the
power of data, shipping companies can optimize their
operations, reduce costs, and enhance safety and
security. Predictive analytics is particularly valuable
for identifying potential problems before they occur,
such as equipment failures or weather hazards.
7 6. Cybersecurity - Cybersecurity is a growing
concern for maritime companies due to the increased
reliance on digital systems and networks. As the
shipping industry becomes increasingly digitized,
companies must implement robust cybersecurity
measures to protect their vessels and cargo from
attack. Ships are now equipped with everything
from satellite communications to remote monitoring
capabilities, all of which create potential cyber
vulnerabilities.
8 Conclusion - The maritime shipping news is
undergoing a period of significant change, with new
technologies and trends emerging that have the
potential to revolutionize the way that we ship goods
around the world.
Available at: https://maritimefairtrade.org/6-forthcoming-innovation-
-trends-in-the-shipping-industry/ Retrieved on April 22, 2023. Adapted.
The main idea of the text is to
Ano: 2023
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CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
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CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323323
Português
Texto associado
Lixo nos mares
1 Os oceanos sofrem os efeitos das atividades humanas há milênios. Dejetos e resíduos orgânicos e
inorgânicos gerados por essas atividades são levados para o mar por ventos, chuvas e rios, ou despejados diretamente ali. Os oceanos suportam toda essa
sobrecarga? A resposta vem de análises que constatam sérios danos aos ecossistemas oceânicos: o lixo
marinho, portanto, já é um grave problema ambiental.
2 O lixo de origem humana que entra no mar está
presente nas imagens, hoje comuns, de animais
emaranhados em materiais de todo tipo ou que ingeriram ou sufocaram com diferentes itens. Também é
conhecida a imensa mancha de lixo que se acumula
no chamado “giro” do oceano Pacífico Norte – os giros, existentes em todos os oceanos, são áreas em
torno das quais se deslocam as correntes marinhas.
Nas zonas centrais desses giros, as correntes têm
baixa intensidade e quase não há ventos. Os resíduos que chegam ali ficam retidos e se acumulam,
gerando enormes “lixões” oceânicos.
3 Detritos orgânicos (vegetais, animais, fezes e
restos de alimento) não são considerados lixo marinho, porque em geral se decompõem rapidamente e
se tornam nutrientes e alimentos para outros organismos. As fontes do lixo oceânico são comumente
classificadas como “marinhas” (descartes por embarcações e plataformas de petróleo e gás) e “terrestres”
(depósitos e descartes incorretos feitos em terra e
levados para os rios pelas chuvas e daí para o mar,
onde também chegam carregados pelo vento e até
pelo gelo).
4 Apesar do sensacionalismo em torno desse
tema, o estudo do lixo marinho tem bases científicas
e envolve, em todo o mundo, cada vez mais pesquisadores e tomadores de decisão. Todos engajados
na luta pela diminuição desse problema social e ambiental.
5 Os impactos ligados à presença do lixo no mar
começaram a ser observados a partir da década de
1950, mas somente em 1975 foi definido o termo
“lixo marinho”, hoje consagrado. Essa definição, da
Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos,
diz que é lixo marinho todo material sólido de origem
humana descartado nos oceanos ou que os atinge
por rios, córregos, esgotos e descargas domésticas
e industriais.
6 O número de publicações mundiais, científicas
e não científicas, sobre lixo marinho começou a aumentar a partir da década de 1980. Esse aumento
se deve a três processos: 1) a contínua e crescente
substituição, em vários tipos de utensílios, de materiais naturais pelos sintéticos – estes, como o plástico, resistem por mais tempo à degradação no ambiente marinho e tendem a se acumular; 2) o baixo
custo dos materiais sintéticos, que não incentiva sua reciclagem e favorece o descarte no ambiente e 3) o
aumento, na zona costeira, do número de habitantes
e embarcações, que podem contribuir para o descarte de lixo no ambiente marinho.
7 Mas como evitar que o “lixo nosso de cada dia”
chegue ao mar? E como retirar o que já está lá? É
nesse ponto que a conservação marinha e a gestão
de resíduos sólidos se encontram e se complementam.
Em 2013, realizou-se no Brasil a IV Conferência
Nacional de Meio Ambiente, que formalizou 60 propostas sobre o meio ambiente. Duas enfocam o lixo
marinho: a primeira está ligada à redução de impactos ambientais e a segunda é ligada à educação ambiental, com campanhas educativas de sensibilização
sobre as consequências da disposição incorreta do
lixo, com ênfase no ambiente marinho e nos danos
causados à população humana.
8 Em 2013, realizou-se no Brasil a IV Conferência
Nacional de Meio Ambiente, que formalizou 60 propostas sobre o meio ambiente. Duas enfocam o lixo
marinho: a primeira está ligada à redução de impactos ambientais e a segunda é ligada à educação ambiental, com campanhas educativas de sensibilização
sobre as consequências da disposição incorreta do
lixo, com ênfase no ambiente marinho e nos danos
causados à população humana.
OLIVEIRA, A. et al. Revista Ciência Hoje, n. 313, v. 53. Rio de
Janeiro: SBPC. Abril 2014. Adaptado.
O emprego da vírgula está plenamente de acordo com
as exigências da norma-padrão da língua portuguesa em:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Provas:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Eletricista
|
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Mecânico |
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Condutor Bombeador (CMD - BBD) |
Q2323321
Português
Texto associado
Lixo nos mares
1 Os oceanos sofrem os efeitos das atividades humanas há milênios. Dejetos e resíduos orgânicos e
inorgânicos gerados por essas atividades são levados para o mar por ventos, chuvas e rios, ou despejados diretamente ali. Os oceanos suportam toda essa
sobrecarga? A resposta vem de análises que constatam sérios danos aos ecossistemas oceânicos: o lixo
marinho, portanto, já é um grave problema ambiental.
2 O lixo de origem humana que entra no mar está
presente nas imagens, hoje comuns, de animais
emaranhados em materiais de todo tipo ou que ingeriram ou sufocaram com diferentes itens. Também é
conhecida a imensa mancha de lixo que se acumula
no chamado “giro” do oceano Pacífico Norte – os giros, existentes em todos os oceanos, são áreas em
torno das quais se deslocam as correntes marinhas.
Nas zonas centrais desses giros, as correntes têm
baixa intensidade e quase não há ventos. Os resíduos que chegam ali ficam retidos e se acumulam,
gerando enormes “lixões” oceânicos.
3 Detritos orgânicos (vegetais, animais, fezes e
restos de alimento) não são considerados lixo marinho, porque em geral se decompõem rapidamente e
se tornam nutrientes e alimentos para outros organismos. As fontes do lixo oceânico são comumente
classificadas como “marinhas” (descartes por embarcações e plataformas de petróleo e gás) e “terrestres”
(depósitos e descartes incorretos feitos em terra e
levados para os rios pelas chuvas e daí para o mar,
onde também chegam carregados pelo vento e até
pelo gelo).
4 Apesar do sensacionalismo em torno desse
tema, o estudo do lixo marinho tem bases científicas
e envolve, em todo o mundo, cada vez mais pesquisadores e tomadores de decisão. Todos engajados
na luta pela diminuição desse problema social e ambiental.
5 Os impactos ligados à presença do lixo no mar
começaram a ser observados a partir da década de
1950, mas somente em 1975 foi definido o termo
“lixo marinho”, hoje consagrado. Essa definição, da
Academia Nacional de Ciências dos Estados Unidos,
diz que é lixo marinho todo material sólido de origem
humana descartado nos oceanos ou que os atinge
por rios, córregos, esgotos e descargas domésticas
e industriais.
6 O número de publicações mundiais, científicas
e não científicas, sobre lixo marinho começou a aumentar a partir da década de 1980. Esse aumento
se deve a três processos: 1) a contínua e crescente
substituição, em vários tipos de utensílios, de materiais naturais pelos sintéticos – estes, como o plástico, resistem por mais tempo à degradação no ambiente marinho e tendem a se acumular; 2) o baixo
custo dos materiais sintéticos, que não incentiva sua reciclagem e favorece o descarte no ambiente e 3) o
aumento, na zona costeira, do número de habitantes
e embarcações, que podem contribuir para o descarte de lixo no ambiente marinho.
7 Mas como evitar que o “lixo nosso de cada dia”
chegue ao mar? E como retirar o que já está lá? É
nesse ponto que a conservação marinha e a gestão
de resíduos sólidos se encontram e se complementam.
Em 2013, realizou-se no Brasil a IV Conferência
Nacional de Meio Ambiente, que formalizou 60 propostas sobre o meio ambiente. Duas enfocam o lixo
marinho: a primeira está ligada à redução de impactos ambientais e a segunda é ligada à educação ambiental, com campanhas educativas de sensibilização
sobre as consequências da disposição incorreta do
lixo, com ênfase no ambiente marinho e nos danos
causados à população humana.
8 Em 2013, realizou-se no Brasil a IV Conferência
Nacional de Meio Ambiente, que formalizou 60 propostas sobre o meio ambiente. Duas enfocam o lixo
marinho: a primeira está ligada à redução de impactos ambientais e a segunda é ligada à educação ambiental, com campanhas educativas de sensibilização
sobre as consequências da disposição incorreta do
lixo, com ênfase no ambiente marinho e nos danos
causados à população humana.
OLIVEIRA, A. et al. Revista Ciência Hoje, n. 313, v. 53. Rio de
Janeiro: SBPC. Abril 2014. Adaptado.
De acordo com as regras de concordância nominal da
norma-padrão da língua portuguesa, a palavra destacada
está empregada corretamente em:
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Segundo Oficial de Máquinas (20N) |
Q2323298
Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho
Na seleção de alternadores para uma determinada instalação, devem ser consideradas diversas informações
apresentadas nos dados de placa ou nos catálogos desses equipamentos.
O grau de proteção representa as informações referentes
O grau de proteção representa as informações referentes
Ano: 2023
Banca:
CESGRANRIO
Órgão:
Transpetro
Prova:
CESGRANRIO - 2023 - Transpetro - Segundo Oficial de Máquinas (20N) |
Q2323297
Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho
A escolha adequada dos dispositivos de proteção é essencial para a garantia da segurança da instalação e a de
seus usuários.
Em uma instalação elétrica com esquema de aterramento TN, para o seccionamento automático visando à proteção contra choques elétricos, é permitido o uso de dispositivo de proteção à corrente diferencial-residual (dispositivo DR) para
Em uma instalação elétrica com esquema de aterramento TN, para o seccionamento automático visando à proteção contra choques elétricos, é permitido o uso de dispositivo de proteção à corrente diferencial-residual (dispositivo DR) para
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