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By Clare Lavery
Keeping students’ attention and stopping them from getting distracted is a big challenge. Here are some reasons why students’ attention may wander and ways to keep your classes on track.
• Keep in control. Anticipation is the best form of teacher defence so keep scanning the room, making eye contact with all students. You will catch those who are starting to fidget, look out of window or chat to their mates. Then you can react accordingly before the noise level has distracted everyone and created a situation.
• Keep in tune with the class. Don’t just glide along with the best. If one student answers your questions this is not proof that all the others are following what is being discussed. Aim for responses from as wide a sample as possible. Don’t just accept answers from the 3 or 4 class leaders or you will leave the rest behind.
• Keep checking understanding. Try not to use questions like “Do you understand?” or “Has everyone got that?” Students are notoriously wary of admitting they haven’t understood, especially if their peers are feigning comprehension! Use further questions to see if they have understood the concepts.
• Keep demonstrating. Attention wanders when they don’t know what to do and are too afraid to admit it. Keep your instructions to a minimum and demonstrate what to do rather than giving lengthy or detailed explanations. If nearly half of them are clearly unsure and starting to flounder or chat in their mother tongue, take action. Call on the pairs who are doing the task successfully to demonstrate their work as an example for others then try again.
Changing the pace
Here are some tried and tested techniques for changing the pace of the lesson to keep students awake.
• Chant. Select a weekly chant which rouses students. Students stand or sit, clap along or snap their fingers and repeat the rap you have devised. This can be a quotation for higher levels or a sentence construction covered by lower levels. Make it short, snappy and fun.
• Drill. Use some quick-fire questioning around the class and involve as many as possible. Then get the students to do the questions as well as supplying answers. Use visuals as prompts for this questioning.
• Play a game. Do a 10-minute revision game involving everyone pooling ideas, words or questions. Even a spelling game for beginners does the trick. Word association or memory games work well!
• Give a dictation. They do have to concentrate here! It might be just a short piece of text or a list of words. It could be some lines from a song in the charts.
Available at: https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/
strategies-keeping-attention. Accessed on: April 26, 2022
By Clare Lavery
Keeping students’ attention and stopping them from getting distracted is a big challenge. Here are some reasons why students’ attention may wander and ways to keep your classes on track.
• Keep in control. Anticipation is the best form of teacher defence so keep scanning the room, making eye contact with all students. You will catch those who are starting to fidget, look out of window or chat to their mates. Then you can react accordingly before the noise level has distracted everyone and created a situation.
• Keep in tune with the class. Don’t just glide along with the best. If one student answers your questions this is not proof that all the others are following what is being discussed. Aim for responses from as wide a sample as possible. Don’t just accept answers from the 3 or 4 class leaders or you will leave the rest behind.
• Keep checking understanding. Try not to use questions like “Do you understand?” or “Has everyone got that?” Students are notoriously wary of admitting they haven’t understood, especially if their peers are feigning comprehension! Use further questions to see if they have understood the concepts.
• Keep demonstrating. Attention wanders when they don’t know what to do and are too afraid to admit it. Keep your instructions to a minimum and demonstrate what to do rather than giving lengthy or detailed explanations. If nearly half of them are clearly unsure and starting to flounder or chat in their mother tongue, take action. Call on the pairs who are doing the task successfully to demonstrate their work as an example for others then try again.
Changing the pace
Here are some tried and tested techniques for changing the pace of the lesson to keep students awake.
• Chant. Select a weekly chant which rouses students. Students stand or sit, clap along or snap their fingers and repeat the rap you have devised. This can be a quotation for higher levels or a sentence construction covered by lower levels. Make it short, snappy and fun.
• Drill. Use some quick-fire questioning around the class and involve as many as possible. Then get the students to do the questions as well as supplying answers. Use visuals as prompts for this questioning.
• Play a game. Do a 10-minute revision game involving everyone pooling ideas, words or questions. Even a spelling game for beginners does the trick. Word association or memory games work well!
• Give a dictation. They do have to concentrate here! It might be just a short piece of text or a list of words. It could be some lines from a song in the charts.
Available at: https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/
strategies-keeping-attention. Accessed on: April 26, 2022
Why can group work be a challenge in monolingual classes?
[1] Firstly, and most obviously, the lack of a need to communicate in English means that any communication between learners in that language will seem artificial and arguably even unnecessary. Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous. Thirdly, there is the paradox that the more interesting and motivating the activity is (and particularly if it involves a competitive element of some sort), the more likely the learners are to use their mother tongue in order to complete the task successfully or to finish first. Finally, the very fact that more effort is involved to communicate in a foreign language when the same task may be performed with much less effort in the mother tongue will also tend to ensure that very little English is used.
Is group work worth the effort?
[2] Taken as a whole, these factors will probably convince many teachers that it is simply not worth bothering with pair and group work in monolingual classes. This, however, would be to exclude from one’s teaching a whole range of potentially motivating and useful activities and to deny learners the opportunity to communicate in English in class time with anyone but the teacher.
[3] Simple mathematics will tell us that in a one-hour lesson with 20 learners, each learner will speak for just 90 seconds if the teacher speaks for half the lesson. In order to encourage learners in a monolingual class to participate in pair and group work, it might be worth asking them whether they regard speaking for just three per cent of the lesson to be good value and point out that they can increase that percentage substantially if they try to use English in group activities.
[4] At first, learners may find it strange to use English when communicating with their peers but this is, first and foremost, a question of habit and it is a gradual process. For the teacher to insist that English is used may well be counter-productive and may provoke active resistance. If the task is in English, on the other hand, and learners have to communicate with each other about the task, some English will inevitably be used. It may be very little at first but, as with any habit, it should increase noticeably as time goes by. Indeed, it is not unusual to hear more motivated learners in a monolingual situation communicating with each other in English outside the classroom.
Conclusion
[5] If the benefits of using English to perform purposeful communicative tasks are clearly explained to the class and if the teacher is not excessively authoritarian in insisting that English must be used, a modest and increasing success rate can be achieved. It is far too much to expect that all learners will immediately begin using English to communicate with their peers all the time. But, if at least some of the class use English some of the time, that should be regarded as a significant step on the road to promoting greater use of English in pair and group work in the monolingual classroom.
Available at: https://www.onestopenglish.com/methodologytips-for-teachers/classroom-management-pair-and-group-workin-efl/esol/146454.article. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.
Why can group work be a challenge in monolingual classes?
[1] Firstly, and most obviously, the lack of a need to communicate in English means that any communication between learners in that language will seem artificial and arguably even unnecessary. Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous. Thirdly, there is the paradox that the more interesting and motivating the activity is (and particularly if it involves a competitive element of some sort), the more likely the learners are to use their mother tongue in order to complete the task successfully or to finish first. Finally, the very fact that more effort is involved to communicate in a foreign language when the same task may be performed with much less effort in the mother tongue will also tend to ensure that very little English is used.
Is group work worth the effort?
[2] Taken as a whole, these factors will probably convince many teachers that it is simply not worth bothering with pair and group work in monolingual classes. This, however, would be to exclude from one’s teaching a whole range of potentially motivating and useful activities and to deny learners the opportunity to communicate in English in class time with anyone but the teacher.
[3] Simple mathematics will tell us that in a one-hour lesson with 20 learners, each learner will speak for just 90 seconds if the teacher speaks for half the lesson. In order to encourage learners in a monolingual class to participate in pair and group work, it might be worth asking them whether they regard speaking for just three per cent of the lesson to be good value and point out that they can increase that percentage substantially if they try to use English in group activities.
[4] At first, learners may find it strange to use English when communicating with their peers but this is, first and foremost, a question of habit and it is a gradual process. For the teacher to insist that English is used may well be counter-productive and may provoke active resistance. If the task is in English, on the other hand, and learners have to communicate with each other about the task, some English will inevitably be used. It may be very little at first but, as with any habit, it should increase noticeably as time goes by. Indeed, it is not unusual to hear more motivated learners in a monolingual situation communicating with each other in English outside the classroom.
Conclusion
[5] If the benefits of using English to perform purposeful communicative tasks are clearly explained to the class and if the teacher is not excessively authoritarian in insisting that English must be used, a modest and increasing success rate can be achieved. It is far too much to expect that all learners will immediately begin using English to communicate with their peers all the time. But, if at least some of the class use English some of the time, that should be regarded as a significant step on the road to promoting greater use of English in pair and group work in the monolingual classroom.
Available at: https://www.onestopenglish.com/methodologytips-for-teachers/classroom-management-pair-and-group-workin-efl/esol/146454.article. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.
Why can group work be a challenge in monolingual classes?
[1] Firstly, and most obviously, the lack of a need to communicate in English means that any communication between learners in that language will seem artificial and arguably even unnecessary. Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous. Thirdly, there is the paradox that the more interesting and motivating the activity is (and particularly if it involves a competitive element of some sort), the more likely the learners are to use their mother tongue in order to complete the task successfully or to finish first. Finally, the very fact that more effort is involved to communicate in a foreign language when the same task may be performed with much less effort in the mother tongue will also tend to ensure that very little English is used.
Is group work worth the effort?
[2] Taken as a whole, these factors will probably convince many teachers that it is simply not worth bothering with pair and group work in monolingual classes. This, however, would be to exclude from one’s teaching a whole range of potentially motivating and useful activities and to deny learners the opportunity to communicate in English in class time with anyone but the teacher.
[3] Simple mathematics will tell us that in a one-hour lesson with 20 learners, each learner will speak for just 90 seconds if the teacher speaks for half the lesson. In order to encourage learners in a monolingual class to participate in pair and group work, it might be worth asking them whether they regard speaking for just three per cent of the lesson to be good value and point out that they can increase that percentage substantially if they try to use English in group activities.
[4] At first, learners may find it strange to use English when communicating with their peers but this is, first and foremost, a question of habit and it is a gradual process. For the teacher to insist that English is used may well be counter-productive and may provoke active resistance. If the task is in English, on the other hand, and learners have to communicate with each other about the task, some English will inevitably be used. It may be very little at first but, as with any habit, it should increase noticeably as time goes by. Indeed, it is not unusual to hear more motivated learners in a monolingual situation communicating with each other in English outside the classroom.
Conclusion
[5] If the benefits of using English to perform purposeful communicative tasks are clearly explained to the class and if the teacher is not excessively authoritarian in insisting that English must be used, a modest and increasing success rate can be achieved. It is far too much to expect that all learners will immediately begin using English to communicate with their peers all the time. But, if at least some of the class use English some of the time, that should be regarded as a significant step on the road to promoting greater use of English in pair and group work in the monolingual classroom.
Available at: https://www.onestopenglish.com/methodologytips-for-teachers/classroom-management-pair-and-group-workin-efl/esol/146454.article. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.
Why can group work be a challenge in monolingual classes?
[1] Firstly, and most obviously, the lack of a need to communicate in English means that any communication between learners in that language will seem artificial and arguably even unnecessary. Secondly, the fact that all the learners in the class share a common culture (and are often all from the same age group) will mean that there will often be a lack of curiosity about what other class members do or think, thus making questionnaire-based activities superfluous. Thirdly, there is the paradox that the more interesting and motivating the activity is (and particularly if it involves a competitive element of some sort), the more likely the learners are to use their mother tongue in order to complete the task successfully or to finish first. Finally, the very fact that more effort is involved to communicate in a foreign language when the same task may be performed with much less effort in the mother tongue will also tend to ensure that very little English is used.
Is group work worth the effort?
[2] Taken as a whole, these factors will probably convince many teachers that it is simply not worth bothering with pair and group work in monolingual classes. This, however, would be to exclude from one’s teaching a whole range of potentially motivating and useful activities and to deny learners the opportunity to communicate in English in class time with anyone but the teacher.
[3] Simple mathematics will tell us that in a one-hour lesson with 20 learners, each learner will speak for just 90 seconds if the teacher speaks for half the lesson. In order to encourage learners in a monolingual class to participate in pair and group work, it might be worth asking them whether they regard speaking for just three per cent of the lesson to be good value and point out that they can increase that percentage substantially if they try to use English in group activities.
[4] At first, learners may find it strange to use English when communicating with their peers but this is, first and foremost, a question of habit and it is a gradual process. For the teacher to insist that English is used may well be counter-productive and may provoke active resistance. If the task is in English, on the other hand, and learners have to communicate with each other about the task, some English will inevitably be used. It may be very little at first but, as with any habit, it should increase noticeably as time goes by. Indeed, it is not unusual to hear more motivated learners in a monolingual situation communicating with each other in English outside the classroom.
Conclusion
[5] If the benefits of using English to perform purposeful communicative tasks are clearly explained to the class and if the teacher is not excessively authoritarian in insisting that English must be used, a modest and increasing success rate can be achieved. It is far too much to expect that all learners will immediately begin using English to communicate with their peers all the time. But, if at least some of the class use English some of the time, that should be regarded as a significant step on the road to promoting greater use of English in pair and group work in the monolingual classroom.
Available at: https://www.onestopenglish.com/methodologytips-for-teachers/classroom-management-pair-and-group-workin-efl/esol/146454.article. Accessed on: April 26, 2022.
Leia o trecho da reportagem a seguir.
Britânicos apagam as luzes para relembrar a I Guerra Mundial
Em Liége, onde acontece a principal cerimônia europeia, o Reino Unido foi representado pelo príncipe William
Londres – “As luzes estão se apagando na Europa; talvez não voltemos a vê-las em nossas vidas”. Para recordar a frase de um ministro às vésperas da Primeira Guerra Mundial, os britânicos apagarão as luzes na noite desta segunda-feira (04/08/14).
Disponível em: https://extra.globo.com/noticias/mundo/ britanicos-apagarao-as-luzes-para-lembrar-primeira-guerramundial-13483775.html. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2022.
A frase do ministro inglês, às vésperas da Grande Guerra (1914-1918), mencionada na reportagem, é um importante documento histórico ao se relacionar diretamente ao(à)
Todo conhecimento sobre o passado é também um conhecimento do presente elaborado por distintos sujeitos. O historiador indaga com vistas a identificar, analisar e compreender os significados de diferentes objetos, lugares, circunstâncias, temporalidades, movimentos de pessoas, coisas e saberes. As perguntas e as elaborações de hipóteses variadas fundam não apenas os marcos de memória, mas também as diversas formas narrativas, ambos expressão do tempo, do caráter social e da prática da produção do conhecimento histórico.
Disponível em: http://basenacionalcomum.mec.gov.br/. Acesso em: 23 out. 2022
O texto apresenta diretrizes da Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC), que nos levam a pensar a História como um saber necessário para a formação das crianças e jovens na escola.
Nesse sentido, essas diretrizes representam corretamente
Analise a charge a seguir.
Disponível em: http://portaldoprofessor.mec.gov.br/ fichaTecnicaAula.html?aula=53752/. Acesso em: 22 abr. 2022.
Abordar o gênero textual charge nas aulas de História
é fundamental para a construção do pensamento crítico
dos alunos. As charges, como a apresentada, revelam
aspectos que marcaram a política brasileira nos anos
1950 e 1960, ironizando a
O Tio Sam está querendo
Conhecer a nossa batucada.
Anda dizendo que o molho da baiana melhorou o seu prato.
Vai entrar no cuscuz, acarajé e abará [...].
Na Casa Branca já dançou
A batucada de Ioiô, Iaiá.
Brasil, esquentai vossos pandeiros
Iluminai os terreiros
Que nós queremos sambar [...].
Eu quero ver, eu quero ver eu quero ver o Tio Sam tocar pandeiro para o mundo sambar.
VALENTE, Assis. Brasil Pandeiro. Disponível em: https://www. letras.mus.br/os-novos-baianos/122199/. Acesso em: 22 out. 2022.
A canção, como documento, tem a rica capacidade de tornar uma narrativa assimilável. Desse modo, ela se torna uma forma importante de conectar o aluno ao que é ensinado.
A canção “Brasil Pandeiro”, composta em 1940, pode ser
utilizada em sala de aula para retratar as relações entre
Estados Unidos e Brasil, nesse contexto, ao sinalizar a
No ensino de História, os temas de estudos são necessariamente ligados e perpassados por diversas leituras externas às aulas, sendo em muitos casos objetos de debates e de controvérsias que não podem nunca se limitar ao domínio epistemológico da lógica formal [...]. A apresentação dos temas de estudo de História suscitará, em maior ou menor escala, dependendo do nível e da composição social da classe, uma avaliação inicial por parte dos alunos, que possuem, invariavelmente, um conhecimento prévio sobre temas e conceitos propostos para estudo.
BITTENCOURT, Circe Maria Fernandes. Ensino de História: fundamentos e métodos. São Paulo: Cortez, 2005. p. 240.
O texto levanta uma importante discussão que pode ser relacionada ao planejamento das aulas de História.
Considerando esse entendimento sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem, os docentes devem
Analise a charge a seguir.
Disponível em: https://latuffcartoons.files.wordpress. com/2014/04/. Acesso em: 14 abr. 2022.
A imagem destaca uma interpretação sobre o processo de abertura do Regime Civil-Militar (1964-1985), que provocou e provoca grandes repercussões no país.
Essa interpretação questiona o(a)
É possível ser neutro frente à violência da conquista da América? É possível ser neutro frente ao trabalho escravo? É possível ser neutro frente aos campos de extermínio nazistas? É possível ser neutro frente ao bombardeio de Hiroshima e Nagasaki? Ora, é impossível trabalhar esses temas com a mesma isenção do professor que ensina a regência dos verbos, o que não significa que este professor e aqueles das demais disciplinas não tenham compromisso com a educação dos futuros cidadãos. A diferença é que ensinar História também significa comprometer-se com uma estética de mundo, onde guerras, massacres e outras formas de violência precisam ser tratados de modo crítico.
MICELI, Paulo. Uma pedagogia da história? O ensino de História e a criação do fato. São Paulo: Contexto, 2009. p. 41.
De acordo com o texto, o ensino da História se difere das demais disciplinas na medida em que
Leia os textos a seguir.
Texto I
Não é natural, nem podemos esperar, que todos os trabalhadores escravos, adquirindo a liberdade, permaneçam nos estabelecimentos agrícolas e se dediquem aos rudes serviços da lavoura. Com a modificação do sistema, a fixação do salário e os esforços do proprietário, muitos libertos poderão, embora deslocando-se das fazendas em que viveram como escravos, continuar a prestar serviços à lavoura. Creio, porém, que a maior parte, pelo menos ao primeiro período da libertação, fugirá ao trabalho, entregando-se ao ócio e à vadiagem.
Relatório da Província de São Paulo, intitulado Transformação do trabalho, publicado pelo Correio Paulistano nos dias 11 e 12 de janeiro de 1888. Disponível em: https://www.historia.uff. br/stricto/files/public_ppgh/hol_2011_CaminhosLiberdade.pdf. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2022.
Texto II
Na história da humanidade, este fato [a emancipação dos escravos em São Paulo] será assinalado para glória da iniciativa dos fazendeiros paulistas, que, colocando-se à frente do movimento emancipador, deram a mais brilhante prova, tanto da sua prudência econômica, como da coragem heroica com que souberam enfrentar as dificuldades da situação aflitiva em que se viram colocados.
Correio Paulistano, 17 de janeiro de 1888. Disponível em: https://www.historia.uff.br/stricto/files/public_ppgh/hol_2011_ CaminhosLiberdade.pdf. Acesso em: 25 abr. 2022.
Esses textos, publicados no Brasil no contexto da abolição da escravidão, podem enriquecer os debates sobre essa temática em sala de aula.
Assinale a alternativa em que uma análise desses textos, que deve ser feita nesses debates, é apresentada corretamente.
Leia o texto a seguir.
No final do século XIX, o Paraguai era um país paupérrimo do ponto de vista econômico, praticamente sem autoestima do passado e carente de heróis paradigmáticos. O Paraguai era apresentado como um país de déspotas e derrotado em uma guerra da qual fora o agressor. Ao mesmo tempo, despontava uma geração de estudantes universitários e secundaristas – poucos e concentrados em Assunção –, desejosos de construir uma sociedade melhor, mas sem encontrar um pensamento que, ao mesmo tempo, recuperasse a autoestima nacional e rompesse o sentimento de inferioridade em relação às outras nações, e apontasse para a superação da realidade miserável. Esses jovens necessitavam de heróis que encarnassem os valores, supostos ou verdadeiros, da nacionalidade paraguaia. A educação liberal oferecia-lhes quase que unicamente a denúncia do passado e dos “anti-heróis”, os três ditadores que governaram o país até 1870. Essas circunstâncias viabilizaram o nascimento, no Paraguai, do revisionismo histórico da figura de Solano López, também conhecido como lopizmo. Esse movimento buscou transformar a imagem de Solano López de ditador, responsável pelo desencadear de uma guerra desastrosa para seu país, em herói, vítima da agressão da Tríplice Aliança e sinônimo de coragem e patriotismo.
DORATIOTO, Francisco. Maldita guerra: nova história da Guerra do Paraguai. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2002. p. 80.
A Guerra do Paraguai é um tema que levantou e levanta debates historiográficos, que hoje são abordados nos materiais didáticos e que devem ser discutidos em sala de aula. Sobre o debate, apresentado no texto, é correto afirmar:
Na economia, grandes multinacionais alemãs de sucesso, famosas e presentes até hoje, tiveram relação com esse sistema totalitário entre os anos 30 e 40 do século passado. Elas admitem que se beneficiaram de políticas do governo nazista, ou mesmo da proximidade com seus líderes, e hoje lamentam a situação no passado. Volkswagen, BMW e Mercedes usaram trabalhadores forçados de campos de concentração durante o regime nazista na Alemanha. A grife Hugo Boss confeccionou uniformes para o exército alemão antes e durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. O Deutsche Bank confiscou bens de judeus no mesmo período e vendeu ouro de vítimas do Holocausto. Muitas dessas empresas financiaram estudos para revelar fatos obscuros do próprio passado e pagaram compensações a vítimas do Holocausto por meio da “Erinnerung, Verantwortung, Zukunft” (Lembrança, Responsabilidade e Futuro), fundação criada no final dos anos 1990 por empresas alemãs e o governo do país com o objetivo de indenizar escravos, trabalhadores forçados e outras vítimas do nazismo.
Disponível em: https://economia.uol.com.br/ noticias/redacao/2017/09/12/empresas-nazismo. htm#:~:text=Economia-,Volks%2C%20BMW%2C%20 Hugo%20Boss%3A%20essas%20e,outras%20gigantes%20 ajudaram%20Alemanha%20nazista. Acesso em: 10 abr. 2022.
O século XX foi marcado por novas relações políticas e econômicas, conforme é exemplificado na reportagem.
Por meio dos estudos das informações apresentadas na reportagem, os estudantes poderão constatar que
Para trabalhar com os alunos o assunto tangente aos problemas relacionados ao uso dos solos nas áreas rurais, um professor apresentou a imagem a seguir, de modo que os alunos pudessem levantar hipóteses para as variações no grau de erosão em cada uma das áreas.
Fonte: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Figura-13-Cobertura-vegetal-solos-perdidos-por-erosao-e-de-agua-de-chuva-perdida-por_ fig2_274512201. Acesso em: 24 out. 2022.
A partir da análise da imagem, o professor pediu que quatro alunas (Dani, Fernanda, Joana e Bia) o respondessem sobre a razão principal para a distinção do processo de erosão entre as áreas, de acordo com a presença de uma maior cobertura vegetal sobre o solo.
A aluna que respondeu corretamente à indagação foi
Os últimos anos têm sido marcados em nosso país e no mundo por mudanças educacionais, em que a predominância do uso de novas tecnologias se destaca, numa sociedade que tem buscado a construção do próprio conhecimento pelo aluno. Uma nova era na Educação! Um mundo novo se abre em acelerado processo de globalização; é uma sociedade espantosamente dinâmica, instável e evolutiva, em que o elemento fundamental e decisivo é a mudança de paradigmas.
Disponível em: https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/81758/187071.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Acesso em: 23 out. 2022 (adaptado).
Na rotina escolar, o professor de Geografia pode funcionar como um mediador nesse processo de modernidade.
Sendo assim, ele colabora para que o aluno
Uma professora resolveu ensinar aos alunos o conteúdo de escala de uma forma aplicada ao cotidiano. Ela resolveu utilizar um trabalho de campo que se aproximava para introduzir o assunto. Assim, trouxe para sala de aula o mapa da área que iriam visitar, para que os alunos, por meio de conhecimentos cartográficos, pudessem calcular a distância da cidade onde vivem até a localidade de destino do trabalho. Observando o mapa, revisaram como ler uma legenda e, após instruções, tentaram calcular a distância que iriam percorrer. Para isso, fizeram uso de régua e observaram a escala presente no mapa ofertado pela professora.
Considerando que a distância marcada pela régua seja de 5 cm, e a escala de confecção do mapa seja de 1:4.500.000, qual distância será percorrida?
O termo Globalização é normalmente utilizado a propósito de um conjunto de transformações socioeconômicas [...]. Tais transformações constituem um conjunto de novas realidades e problemas que parecem implicar acrescidas dificuldades e novos desafios [...]. Acontecimentos, decisões e atividades em determinada região do mundo têm significado e consequências em regiões muito distintas do globo.
Disponível em: https://dspace.uevora.pt/rdpc/bitstream/10174/2468/1/Introdu%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20%C3%A0%20 Globaliza%C3%A7%C3%A3o.pdf. Acesso em: 2 abr. 2022.
Uma das consequências do processo de globalização é
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