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Q2574146 Inglês
Question relate to teaching skills and abilities:
Cope & Kalantzis (2000) present the discussions made by the New London Group in 1996, when different educators met to discuss traditional literacy pedagogy and the need of new literacy practices in contemporary society. They assert that they “attempt to broad this understanding of literacy and literacy teaching and learning to include negotiating a multiplicity of discourses” (p. 9). Within this perspective, the two principal aspects of this multiplicity of discourses include:
Alternativas
Q2574145 Inglês
Question relate to teaching skills and abilities:
Scrivener (2011) presents alternative ways to teach grammar opposed to the traditional “present-practice” structure lesson shape. One of these ways is Task-Based Learning, which comprises the following procedures:
Alternativas
Q2574144 Inglês
Question relate to teaching skills and abilities:
Harmer (2015) suggests a basic procedure for teaching receptive skills that involves two types of tasks:

I (1) Lead in; (2) T directs comprehension task; (3) SS read/listen for task; (4) T directs feedback; (5) T directs text-related texts.
II (1) Lead in; (2) T directs comprehension task; (3) SS read/listen for task; (4) T directs feedback; (5) T directs comprehension task; (6) SS read/listen for task; (7) T directs feedback; (8) T directs text-related texts.

Looking at I and II, the most appropriate conclusion is that:
Alternativas
Q2574143 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 4 below.

TEXT 4
The Future of Education: How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Learning

Education is a fundamental pillar in society. Throughout history, education has been the means through which future generations acquire knowledge and skills to thrive in an ever-evolving world. However, the world is changing at a dizzying pace, and education must also adapt. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most powerful tools in shaping the future of education. In the educational context, this means that machines can assist students in learning in a way more efficiently and personally. Let's explore how AI is transforming education and what role it plays in shaping the classroom of the future.

1 – Adapting Education to Individual Needs: Every student is unique, with different learning paces and comprehension styles. One of the main advantages of AI in education is its ability to offer personalized learning.

2 – Personalized Educational Content: AI does not only personalize the way content is presented, but also the content itself. It can generate learning materials based on each student's specific needs and interests.

3 – Prognostics: AI can analyze vast amounts of educational data to identify trends and patterns. This is especially useful for school administrators and teachers to make decisions and plan future action.

4 – Access to Education: AI-based education is not limited by geographical or temporal constraints. This is particularly important for those who have difficulty attending in-person classes due to geographical barriers or work commitments.

5 – Development of 21st Century Skills: Education is not only about acquiring knowledge but also about developing skills. AI helps students develop 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication.

6 – Identification and Support for Diverse Learning: Every student is different, and some may have special needs. AI can identify students who need additional support and provide specific resources for their needs.

Conclusion

Taking all the above into account, the advantages that AI offers are irrefutable, and, in the area of education, it is no exception. However, despite all the potential benefits, the implementation of AI in education also raises challenges and ethical issues. US Government entities have proposed the parameters that educational entities must comply with, if they want to make use of AI. These regulations focus on privacy, equity and transparency, in order to protect the rights of students and also guarantee access to these innovations.

Avaliable at LINKEDIN, published at Oct 27, 2023, in https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/future-education-how-artificialintelligence-transforming-alyre. Access on: Mar. 21st, 2024. Adapted. 
In the introductory paragraph of text 4, the noun phrase “a dizzying pace” is a metaphoric expression which implies that:
Alternativas
Q2574142 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 4 below.

TEXT 4
The Future of Education: How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Learning

Education is a fundamental pillar in society. Throughout history, education has been the means through which future generations acquire knowledge and skills to thrive in an ever-evolving world. However, the world is changing at a dizzying pace, and education must also adapt. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most powerful tools in shaping the future of education. In the educational context, this means that machines can assist students in learning in a way more efficiently and personally. Let's explore how AI is transforming education and what role it plays in shaping the classroom of the future.

1 – Adapting Education to Individual Needs: Every student is unique, with different learning paces and comprehension styles. One of the main advantages of AI in education is its ability to offer personalized learning.

2 – Personalized Educational Content: AI does not only personalize the way content is presented, but also the content itself. It can generate learning materials based on each student's specific needs and interests.

3 – Prognostics: AI can analyze vast amounts of educational data to identify trends and patterns. This is especially useful for school administrators and teachers to make decisions and plan future action.

4 – Access to Education: AI-based education is not limited by geographical or temporal constraints. This is particularly important for those who have difficulty attending in-person classes due to geographical barriers or work commitments.

5 – Development of 21st Century Skills: Education is not only about acquiring knowledge but also about developing skills. AI helps students develop 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication.

6 – Identification and Support for Diverse Learning: Every student is different, and some may have special needs. AI can identify students who need additional support and provide specific resources for their needs.

Conclusion

Taking all the above into account, the advantages that AI offers are irrefutable, and, in the area of education, it is no exception. However, despite all the potential benefits, the implementation of AI in education also raises challenges and ethical issues. US Government entities have proposed the parameters that educational entities must comply with, if they want to make use of AI. These regulations focus on privacy, equity and transparency, in order to protect the rights of students and also guarantee access to these innovations.

Avaliable at LINKEDIN, published at Oct 27, 2023, in https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/future-education-how-artificialintelligence-transforming-alyre. Access on: Mar. 21st, 2024. Adapted. 
In the conclusive paragraph of text 4, the connectors “however” and “despite” are used to establish a contrast between the benefits of AI in education and
Alternativas
Q2574140 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 4 below.

TEXT 4
The Future of Education: How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Learning

Education is a fundamental pillar in society. Throughout history, education has been the means through which future generations acquire knowledge and skills to thrive in an ever-evolving world. However, the world is changing at a dizzying pace, and education must also adapt. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most powerful tools in shaping the future of education. In the educational context, this means that machines can assist students in learning in a way more efficiently and personally. Let's explore how AI is transforming education and what role it plays in shaping the classroom of the future.

1 – Adapting Education to Individual Needs: Every student is unique, with different learning paces and comprehension styles. One of the main advantages of AI in education is its ability to offer personalized learning.

2 – Personalized Educational Content: AI does not only personalize the way content is presented, but also the content itself. It can generate learning materials based on each student's specific needs and interests.

3 – Prognostics: AI can analyze vast amounts of educational data to identify trends and patterns. This is especially useful for school administrators and teachers to make decisions and plan future action.

4 – Access to Education: AI-based education is not limited by geographical or temporal constraints. This is particularly important for those who have difficulty attending in-person classes due to geographical barriers or work commitments.

5 – Development of 21st Century Skills: Education is not only about acquiring knowledge but also about developing skills. AI helps students develop 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication.

6 – Identification and Support for Diverse Learning: Every student is different, and some may have special needs. AI can identify students who need additional support and provide specific resources for their needs.

Conclusion

Taking all the above into account, the advantages that AI offers are irrefutable, and, in the area of education, it is no exception. However, despite all the potential benefits, the implementation of AI in education also raises challenges and ethical issues. US Government entities have proposed the parameters that educational entities must comply with, if they want to make use of AI. These regulations focus on privacy, equity and transparency, in order to protect the rights of students and also guarantee access to these innovations.

Avaliable at LINKEDIN, published at Oct 27, 2023, in https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/future-education-how-artificialintelligence-transforming-alyre. Access on: Mar. 21st, 2024. Adapted. 
The items 1 to 6, presented in text 4, represent:
Alternativas
Q2574139 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 4 below.

TEXT 4
The Future of Education: How Artificial Intelligence is Transforming Learning

Education is a fundamental pillar in society. Throughout history, education has been the means through which future generations acquire knowledge and skills to thrive in an ever-evolving world. However, the world is changing at a dizzying pace, and education must also adapt. Artificial intelligence (AI) has become one of the most powerful tools in shaping the future of education. In the educational context, this means that machines can assist students in learning in a way more efficiently and personally. Let's explore how AI is transforming education and what role it plays in shaping the classroom of the future.

1 – Adapting Education to Individual Needs: Every student is unique, with different learning paces and comprehension styles. One of the main advantages of AI in education is its ability to offer personalized learning.

2 – Personalized Educational Content: AI does not only personalize the way content is presented, but also the content itself. It can generate learning materials based on each student's specific needs and interests.

3 – Prognostics: AI can analyze vast amounts of educational data to identify trends and patterns. This is especially useful for school administrators and teachers to make decisions and plan future action.

4 – Access to Education: AI-based education is not limited by geographical or temporal constraints. This is particularly important for those who have difficulty attending in-person classes due to geographical barriers or work commitments.

5 – Development of 21st Century Skills: Education is not only about acquiring knowledge but also about developing skills. AI helps students develop 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and effective communication.

6 – Identification and Support for Diverse Learning: Every student is different, and some may have special needs. AI can identify students who need additional support and provide specific resources for their needs.

Conclusion

Taking all the above into account, the advantages that AI offers are irrefutable, and, in the area of education, it is no exception. However, despite all the potential benefits, the implementation of AI in education also raises challenges and ethical issues. US Government entities have proposed the parameters that educational entities must comply with, if they want to make use of AI. These regulations focus on privacy, equity and transparency, in order to protect the rights of students and also guarantee access to these innovations.

Avaliable at LINKEDIN, published at Oct 27, 2023, in https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/future-education-how-artificialintelligence-transforming-alyre. Access on: Mar. 21st, 2024. Adapted. 
The aim of text 4 is indicated in the following sentence, taken from the introductory paragraph:
Alternativas
Q2574135 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 2 below.

TEXT 2
Expand your horizons at the Social Sciences Conference of the year!

Welcome to the 6th International Conference on Modern Approach in Humanities and Social Sciences (ICMHS), taking place on 10-12 March 2023 in Prague, Czech Republic.

We invite you to join us for three days of learning and networking. You are guaranteed to leave the event with a suitcase full of knowledge and inspiration. With 30+ countries present at the event; this is a unique opportunity to understand the challenges your peers are facing and come up with creative solutions.

See you in Prague!

Conference Themes and Topics

The humanities and social sciences conferences are seeking submissions related to the following conference topics: Social Sciences, Humanities, and Language and Literature. Other related tracks and topics will also be considered.

Submitted abstracts will be evaluated by the Scientific Committee. If the abstract is accepted, the author agrees to send full-text paper, including results, tables, figures, and references. All submissions should report original and previously unpublished research results no matter the type of research paper you are presenting. Full-text papers (.docx and .doc) will be accepted by Electronic Submission Form. Manuscripts should meet the format set by the Conference committee and are subject to review.

Avaliable at: https://www.icmhs.org/online-submission/. Access on: Jan. 10th, 2023.
In the last paragraph of text 2, the syntactic-discursive resource used to convey a higher degree of formality, objectivity and academic legitimacy to the text is:
Alternativas
Q2574134 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 2 below.

TEXT 2
Expand your horizons at the Social Sciences Conference of the year!

Welcome to the 6th International Conference on Modern Approach in Humanities and Social Sciences (ICMHS), taking place on 10-12 March 2023 in Prague, Czech Republic.

We invite you to join us for three days of learning and networking. You are guaranteed to leave the event with a suitcase full of knowledge and inspiration. With 30+ countries present at the event; this is a unique opportunity to understand the challenges your peers are facing and come up with creative solutions.

See you in Prague!

Conference Themes and Topics

The humanities and social sciences conferences are seeking submissions related to the following conference topics: Social Sciences, Humanities, and Language and Literature. Other related tracks and topics will also be considered.

Submitted abstracts will be evaluated by the Scientific Committee. If the abstract is accepted, the author agrees to send full-text paper, including results, tables, figures, and references. All submissions should report original and previously unpublished research results no matter the type of research paper you are presenting. Full-text papers (.docx and .doc) will be accepted by Electronic Submission Form. Manuscripts should meet the format set by the Conference committee and are subject to review.

Avaliable at: https://www.icmhs.org/online-submission/. Access on: Jan. 10th, 2023.
The academic genre which text 2 represents is:
Alternativas
Q2574133 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
The conjunction “but” in “Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt” establishes a contrast between:
Alternativas
Q2574132 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
Exuberant, merry, hilarious and wonderful are some of the adjectives the author uses to describe students at Fitzroy School. These express a highly positive evaluation of Fitzroy’s students, and represent:
Alternativas
Q2574131 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
Question refer to the paragraph below (paragraph 8)

In the three other schools I’d taught at, I’d been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian’. It wasn’t only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I’d known kids who were ‘trouble-makers’ or ‘over-achievers’, or ‘irresponsible’ or ‘antisocial’. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.

The only correct statement referring to the author’s attitude as a teacher is:
Alternativas
Q2574130 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
Question refer to the paragraph below (paragraph 8)

In the three other schools I’d taught at, I’d been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian’. It wasn’t only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I’d known kids who were ‘trouble-makers’ or ‘over-achievers’, or ‘irresponsible’ or ‘antisocial’. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.

It is correct to say that the verb tense used in the underlined verbal phrases “I’d been an authoritarian, schools I’d taught, and I’d known kids” is:
Alternativas
Q2574129 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
What is referred, by the narrator, as the “stubbornness of the kids’ resistance to the rules” (paragraph 7) is exemplified, in the text, by:
Alternativas
Q2574128 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
Question refer to the following passage, in paragraph 4:

A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.

The pronoun they (third sentence) refers to: 
Alternativas
Q2574127 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
Question refer to the following passage, in paragraph 4:

A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.

A metonymy, and two metaphorical expressions related to the concept of war are, respectively,
Alternativas
Q2574126 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
The utterance, extracted from the text, which contributes to the rupture of the somewhat tense atmosphere created in the 1st and 2nd paragraphs is:
Alternativas
Q2574125 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
In the first and second paragraphs, the narrator describes a scene which may provoke, in the reader, a feeling of suspenseful expectation. This may be explained by readers’ ‘shared preconceived notions’ involving:
Alternativas
Q2574124 Inglês
Answer question according to TEXT 1 below.

TEXT 1
TRUE STORIES – The School teacher

1 IT'S HAPPENED TO me half a dozen times, lately. I'm walking home through the Edinburgh Gardens and I see them heading towards me. Heavy kids, eight of them, maybe ten. I keep walking, but I keep my eyes on them, and my feet wait for the sign to take off.
2 They are Greeks and Italians, all adolescents, all wearing green or maroon cardigans with a double black stripe round the chest, Levis or Wranglers that fit just right, showing a bit of sock and reddish shoes with big heels. I move across to the outside of the footpath to let them pass. They spread out a little. They're close enough now in the almost-dark for me to see their faces.
3 And it's all right, because the front one is Chris, from Fitzroy High, and he says, 'Hello, miss!' and the others are kids who have grinned and nodded at me a hundred times in the yard at school.
4 I had taught migrants before, but Fitzroy High is one of those legendary inner-suburban schools which can no longer be properly described as Australian. In none of the classes I took were there more than four kids with Australian names. A blond head was a surprise. The administration battled to assimilate these kids into recognizable moulds. In a hundred subtle ways they were defeated.
5 Most of the girls had pierced ears and had worn gold earrings since they were babies. The line was that plain gold sleepers were the only ear decorations allowed. At the time when it was fashionable, in Australia, to wear a zillion colored plastic bangles up your arm, teachers strove hopelessly to prevent this display of gaiety at school. The girls went on wearing them and pulled their sleeves down when they saw a senior mistress coming. 
6 There were weekly segregated assemblies. I don't know what they told the boys, but at one girls' assembly I actually heard the senior mistress say, 'As girls we must be modest, quiet, hardworking and well-groomed at all times'.
7 What astonished me was the stubbornness of the kids' resistance to the rules. They didn't organize or protest. They defied. If the pressure got too much for them, they stayed away. And yet they hated to be suspended. One boy was suspended for a week, and every day I'd see him leaning against my front fence, staring wistfully at the school where his mates were tight-roping their way dangerously through the day.
8 In the three other schools I'd taught at, I'd been an authoritarian, a good disciplinarian. It wasn't only political or educational thinking that changed my attitude at Fitzroy High. It was the kids themselves. I suppose I fell in love with the whole nine hundred of them. In other schools, I'd known kids who were 'trouble-makers' or 'over-achievers', or ‘irresponsible' or 'antisocial. But somehow the kids at Fitzroy cut right through those categories.
9 To begin with, they made me laugh. I can't remember ever knowing such exuberant, merry kids. Every class had more than its share of natural clowns. The plays they invented were full of hilarious delight. In a second-form class I had for a year, two Italian boys called Claudio and Joseph used to present weekly plays so excruciatingly funny that we lay across the desks aching and wiping our eyes.
10 A kid called Ilya wrote wonderful, magical stories; he could write fairy tales his grandparents had told him in Yugoslavia. Lemonia could break your heart with a story about a lost fountain pen, and Dora with an account of her dreams. Their English may have been rocky, but there was a pure, delicate humour lying bone-deep in them that nothing could corrupt.

GARNER, Helen. True Stories. Melbourne, Australia: The Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 26-28. Adapted.
The two overall themes which emerge from the narrative in text 1 are:
Alternativas
Q2572688 Inglês
Read the text and answer the question.  

    Bermuda Triangle in the last 500 years, over 1000 ships and aircraft have entered the Bermuda Triangle and mysteriously vanished. It is the deadliest place on Earth for planes and boats. The Bermuda Triangle is an area of water about 500,000 square miles in size. One tip of the triangle starts from Miami, Florida and extends northeast towards the island of Bermuda. The next side of the triangle then runs straight south towards the Puerto Rico and then turns back northeast up to Florida. 
    The story of Flight 19 is one of the most incredible cases of Bermuda Triangle disappearances. In the early afternoon of December 5, 1945, five American military aircraft with 14 men aboard departed from a naval base in Florida on a training flight. These aircraft were called Avengers, and they were among the sturdiest and most reliable aircraft in the world at the time. Commander Charles Taylor, an experienced pilot, was supposed to lead the flight east from the Florida coastline, which would take them into the Bermuda Triangle. The sky was clear, and it was a perfect day for flying but problems began about 90 minutes after takeoff.
    Taylor radioed back to his base at 3:40 p.m. that he was lost, and his plane’s compass was not working. This should not have been a problem as the normal procedure for going home was to simply fly west until they returned to the U.S. coast. the men of Flight 19, however, never returned home and the airplanes seemed to have simply vanished. The final radio messages from Flight 19 were very odd. One pilot stated, “Everything looks strange. Even the ocean.” Another one said, “It looks like we’re entering white water. We’re completely lost.” A rescue plane flew into the Bermuda Triangle to try and find the men, but it crashed and all 13 men on board were killed. Later on, a Navy official stated that Flight 19 “flew off to Mars.”
    Flight 19’s disappearance is just one of many in the long history of the Bermuda Triangle mystery. Is there a scientific explanation for these disappearances or are there supernatural forces at work in the area? The number of unanswered questions about the fate of the planes only adds to the mystery. Did Taylor, an experienced pilot, really make a simple navigational mistake? If so, why didn’t any of the other men in his flight see the error and correct it? Why has the wreckage of the planes and the men’s bodies never been found after all these years? The US Navy investigated the incident in 1946 and reported that the Flight 19 incident was a “disappearance” with the chilling words “cause unknown” added later on. 
In the sentence “Taylor radioed back to his base at 3:40 p.m. that he was lost, and his plane’s compass was not working. This should not have been a problem as the normal procedure for going home was to simply fly west until they returned to the U.S. coast. the men of Flight 19, however, never returned home and the airplanes seemed to have simply vanished.” The highlighted word means:
Alternativas
Respostas
1781: A
1782: C
1783: E
1784: A
1785: D
1786: E
1787: C
1788: A
1789: C
1790: D
1791: A
1792: B
1793: E
1794: A
1795: C
1796: D
1797: B
1798: E
1799: B
1800: C