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Assinale a alternativa que representa um conceito de processo histórico, considerando a visão do historiador Leandro Karnal.
No Brasil, a relação dos alunos com os livros possui uma certa lacuna, entretanto, segundo o historiador Leandro Karnal, essa dificuldade é, também, dos professores. Na visão do historiador, o professor deve ficar ciente de que, quando deixa de ler, “passa a morrer profissionalmente”. Considerando a visão de Karnal sobre o assunto, assinale alternativa que representa um resultado da leitura na vida profissional do educador.
Analise as assertivas sobre o processo histórico do munícipio de Itapetim:
I. A historiografia mostra que a maioria dos municípios brasileiros mantém a troca de nome no processo histórico, porém, o munícipio de Itapetim nasceu com esse nome, o qual nunca foi alterado, em função de um decreto municipal promulgado em 1878.
II. Fazendo parte do quadro do executivo, o primeiro prefeito, Francisco José de Maria, conhecido como “Chico santo”, teve apenas 18 meses de mandato.
III. Desmembrado de São José, Itapetim configurou como munícipio quando Dr. Etelvino Lins de Albuquerque governava o Estado de Pernambuco.
IV. A historiografia do munícipio afirma que, na sua origem, Itapetim possuía uma grande quantidade de árvores, fazendo com que o próprio nome do munícipio fosse associado à natureza, o qual recebeu o nome de “Umburanas”.
Quais estão corretas?
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde ao seguinte contexto histórico: os oficiais, movidos pela insatisfação com o sistema político brasileiro, organizaram uma coluna militar com o objetivo de percorrer todo país, combatendo as forças do Governo Federal. Tinham como meta despertar o interesse do povo brasileiro pela luta contra o domínio das oligarquias, porém, depois de percorrerem quase 30 mil quilômetros, perceberam que não sensibilizaram a população para um movimento armado, obrigando o mentor do levante a exiliar-se na Bolívia. Entretanto, apesar de não atingir o seu objetivo, o movimento contribuiu para que o governo de Artur Bernardes ficasse em constante tensão.
Com o crescimento do capitalismo, surgiram vários movimentos, manifestações teóricas e organizações para questionar a dinâmica e a responsabilidade do Estado. Entre as manifestações teóricas, dois pensadores russos se destacaram: Bakunin e Kropotkin. Na visão desses pensadores, o Estado é o responsável pela origem de todos os males, por isso, o surgimento do capitalismo é culpa do Estado. Portanto, tanto o estado, quanto a propriedade privada devem ser eliminados, viabilizando, assim, as comunidades voltadas para o autoabastecimento e sem fins lucrativos. Essa manifestação teórica contribui para o surgimento de qual movimento na história?
Considerando o processo histórico sobre o liberalismo burguês e os movimentos operários, analise as assertivas a seguir e assinale V, se verdadeiras, ou F, se falsas.
( ) A consolidação do capitalismo na Europa favoreceu o surgimento de estudiosos sobre o tema, os quais buscaram analisar a dinâmica e o entendimento de mercado, as condições de vida dos operários, das classes políticas e trabalhadoras.
( ) Pode-se afirmar que a origem da economia política como ciência foi sistematizada a partir da obra “Riqueza das Nações”, escrito em 1776 pelo pensador Adam Smith.
( ) As primeiras reações das classes trabalhadoras ocorreu na Inglaterra, por ser a região mais industrializada no período. Ocorreram, também na Inglaterra, as primeiras manifestações da classe trabalhadora, com o surgimento do movimento Cartista, que era dividido em duas correntes: a da “força moral” e da “força física”.
A ordem correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo, é:
A respeito do processo e a configuração da Revolução Francesa, analise as assertivas a seguir:
I. O governo de Luís Filipe apresentava certa fragilidade: o crescimento da indústria era baixo, pois sua governança era voltada para atender a uma pequena parcela da sociedade.
II. A proibição de manifestações pelo governo fez nascer encontros em forma de banquete com o objetivo de enganar as autoridades e traçar estratégias para discutir a crise e propor formas de ação.
III. O fato marcante da Revolução Francesa ocorreu em 22 de fevereiro de 1822, quando manifestações populares foram realizadas, contrariando as medidas repressivas do governo. Nessa conjuntura, a Guarda Nacional aderiu à população, obrigando Luís Filipe a cometer suicídio.
Quais estão INCORRETAS?
Para a historiografia, a forma mais importante de produzir riqueza em toda a sociedade grega foi por meio do trabalho, presente em toda cadeia produtiva. Esse arcabouço produtivo de riqueza material e cultural foi baseado, principalmente, no trabalho dos:
De acordo com a historiografia, no auge de Atenas, formou-se uma aliança de natureza política e militar da Pólis grega em torno do Mar Egeu, com o objetivo de se proteger das invasões persas, formada por mais de cem membros. Qual era o nome dessa aliança?
In the cartoon below there is a man selling ice-cream, and a sign on his stand that says “The end is near, have a cone”. The word “cone” is countable, and that is why it was preceded by an indefinite article. What would be the correct form if we added “ice-cream” before “cone”?
Source: @newyorkercartoons
Analise as assertivas a seguir, considerando os fatores que envolvem a queda da monarquia e as transformações econômicas e sociais no período arcaico da Grécia Antiga:
I. As transformações sociais da Grécia não foram acompanhadas pelas transformações políticas. Esse deslocamento social da política só foi possível porque os reis passaram a ocupar os lugares da Aristocracia no centro do poder.
II. Com os governos administrados por um órgão executivo, as transformações sociais e políticas caminharam juntas. Portanto, essa jornada possibilitou aos arcontes exercerem diversas funções administrativas, tanto nas áreas jurídicas quanto na militar e religiosa.
III. No centro do poder, a aristocracia ocupou o lugar do rei, tornando os governos em um monopólio exclusivo da nobreza. Portanto, com os nobres no poder, houve uma crise na estrutura social e política nesse período histórico.
IV. Esse período grego foi palco de uma crise de alimentos no qual, para suprir essa escassez, foram criadas colônias nas regiões férteis do mar negro, propiciando o surgimento de uma nova camada social: a dos proprietários de terras.
Quais estão corretas?
Instruction: answer questions 48 and 49 based on the text below.
Laura’s testimony about adopting Charley
01 ____We adopted Charley in January of 2019. She was from Texas and had been in a shelter for
02 months before we found her. She ____ my first adult rescue and the most incredible dog I ____
03 ever met. She adores people, loves the snow, and ____ give you the biggest smiles you ____
04 ever seen. She loves ____ next to you and bring you her toys. When we adopted Charley, we
05 didn't know she has some dog reactivity. It was a challenge because we had another dog at the
06 time. We’ve been working on this with her and she’s so much better. She’s intelligent and so
07 loving, and can make anyone smile.
08 ____I cannot thank you [Animal Humane Society] enough for all you do. You're the reason
09 Charley was brought into our lives, and I will never be able to express the gratitude I have for
10 that. She’s become me and my family's whole world.
(Available in: https://www.animalhumanesociety.org/news/our-10-most-heartwarming-dog-adoption-stories-
2021-so-far – text adapted especially for this test).
Which of the alternatives below best fills out the blanks in the first paragraph, respectively?
Assinale a alternativa que indica a ideia correta sobre o nome do imposto que consistia em um tributo cobrado pela Coroa Portuguesa por cabeça de escravos, produtivos ou não, maiores de 12 anos, sendo do sexo masculino ou feminino.
Instruction: answer questions 48 and 49 based on the text below.
Laura’s testimony about adopting Charley
01 ____We adopted Charley in January of 2019. She was from Texas and had been in a shelter for
02 months before we found her. She ____ my first adult rescue and the most incredible dog I ____
03 ever met. She adores people, loves the snow, and ____ give you the biggest smiles you ____
04 ever seen. She loves ____ next to you and bring you her toys. When we adopted Charley, we
05 didn't know she has some dog reactivity. It was a challenge because we had another dog at the
06 time. We’ve been working on this with her and she’s so much better. She’s intelligent and so
07 loving, and can make anyone smile.
08 ____I cannot thank you [Animal Humane Society] enough for all you do. You're the reason
09 Charley was brought into our lives, and I will never be able to express the gratitude I have for
10 that. She’s become me and my family's whole world.
(Available in: https://www.animalhumanesociety.org/news/our-10-most-heartwarming-dog-adoption-stories-
2021-so-far – text adapted especially for this test).
In the sentence “She was from Texas and had been in a shelter for months before we found her.” (l. 01-02), the verb tenses in the bold structures suggest that:
Instruction: Answer to questions 38 to 47 based on the text below. The Highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.
Caribou
01 ____Large hoofed animals belonging to the deer family, caribou and reindeer are actually the
02 same species — Rangifer tarandus. There are differences between caribou and reindeer though.
03 Caribou are native to North America, whereas reindeer are native to northern Europe and Asia.
04 Alaska does have some reindeer, however, imported from Siberia in the late 19th and early 20th
05 centuries.
06 ____Some people use the term "reindeer" to refer to domesticated work animals, such as those
07 pulling Santa's sleigh, but there are both wild and domestic herds of reindeer. Caribou, on the
08 other hand, are wild-living and long-migrating. Indigenous groups herd reindeer and use them for
09 their meat. That's also likely why reindeer evolved to be stockier than caribou.
10 ____Caribou make one of the world's great large-animal migrations. As summer approaches,
11 they head north along well-trod annual routes. Some herds may travel more than 600 miles to
12 get to their summer grazing grounds. They'll spend the summer months feeding on the abundant
13 grasses and plants of the tundra. This is also when they give birth. When the first snows fall each
14 year, the caribou turn back south. Herds of female caribou, called cows, leave several weeks
15 before the males, which follow with yearling calves from the previous birthing season.
16 ____They are taller and lankier than reindeer, likely because they evolved to make these long
17 migrations. They are the only deer in which males and females both have antlers—though only
18 some females have them. Cows have one calf each year, which can stand after only a few minutes
19 and move on with its mother by the next day.
20 ____Caribou are classified as vulnerable to extinction, one step above endangered. Because
21 they're migratory, changes in the landscape, such as the appearance of new fences or other
22 human development on their migration routes, can be especially disruptive. Climate change is
23 also a threat. As the Arctic warms, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites,
24 which could quickly spread through a herd.
(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/caribou – text adapted especially
for this test).
“Taller and lankier” (l. 16) are both comparative adjectives. Which words below follow the same spelling rules, respectively?
Analise as assertivas a seguir a respeito das distinções entre os escravos no Brasil do período escravocrata e assinale V, se verdadeiras, ou F, se falsas.
( ) O escravo recém-chegado da África, com pouco conhecimento da língua e da cultura, era chamado de “boçal”.
( ) Aquele escravo com uma certa adaptação e que possuía pouco conhecimento da língua portuguesa era classificado como “ladino”.
( ) Existiam, também, o “mulato” e o “crioulo”, ambos eram os preferidos para as tarefas domésticas, artesanais e de supervisão.
( ) O escravo “boçal” tinha esse nome por ser considerado filho de “ladino” nascido no Brasil, o qual, por ser brasileiro, possuía um certo privilégio nas tarefas domésticas, livrando-o de executar o trabalho pesado.
A ordem correta de preenchimento dos parênteses, de cima para baixo, é:
Instruction: Answer to questions 38 to 47 based on the text below. The Highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.
Caribou
01 ____Large hoofed animals belonging to the deer family, caribou and reindeer are actually the
02 same species — Rangifer tarandus. There are differences between caribou and reindeer though.
03 Caribou are native to North America, whereas reindeer are native to northern Europe and Asia.
04 Alaska does have some reindeer, however, imported from Siberia in the late 19th and early 20th
05 centuries.
06 ____Some people use the term "reindeer" to refer to domesticated work animals, such as those
07 pulling Santa's sleigh, but there are both wild and domestic herds of reindeer. Caribou, on the
08 other hand, are wild-living and long-migrating. Indigenous groups herd reindeer and use them for
09 their meat. That's also likely why reindeer evolved to be stockier than caribou.
10 ____Caribou make one of the world's great large-animal migrations. As summer approaches,
11 they head north along well-trod annual routes. Some herds may travel more than 600 miles to
12 get to their summer grazing grounds. They'll spend the summer months feeding on the abundant
13 grasses and plants of the tundra. This is also when they give birth. When the first snows fall each
14 year, the caribou turn back south. Herds of female caribou, called cows, leave several weeks
15 before the males, which follow with yearling calves from the previous birthing season.
16 ____They are taller and lankier than reindeer, likely because they evolved to make these long
17 migrations. They are the only deer in which males and females both have antlers—though only
18 some females have them. Cows have one calf each year, which can stand after only a few minutes
19 and move on with its mother by the next day.
20 ____Caribou are classified as vulnerable to extinction, one step above endangered. Because
21 they're migratory, changes in the landscape, such as the appearance of new fences or other
22 human development on their migration routes, can be especially disruptive. Climate change is
23 also a threat. As the Arctic warms, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites,
24 which could quickly spread through a herd.
(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/caribou – text adapted especially
for this test).
Why is there a hyphen in “large-animal migrations” (l. 10)?
Instruction: Answer to questions 38 to 47 based on the text below. The Highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.
Caribou
01 ____Large hoofed animals belonging to the deer family, caribou and reindeer are actually the
02 same species — Rangifer tarandus. There are differences between caribou and reindeer though.
03 Caribou are native to North America, whereas reindeer are native to northern Europe and Asia.
04 Alaska does have some reindeer, however, imported from Siberia in the late 19th and early 20th
05 centuries.
06 ____Some people use the term "reindeer" to refer to domesticated work animals, such as those
07 pulling Santa's sleigh, but there are both wild and domestic herds of reindeer. Caribou, on the
08 other hand, are wild-living and long-migrating. Indigenous groups herd reindeer and use them for
09 their meat. That's also likely why reindeer evolved to be stockier than caribou.
10 ____Caribou make one of the world's great large-animal migrations. As summer approaches,
11 they head north along well-trod annual routes. Some herds may travel more than 600 miles to
12 get to their summer grazing grounds. They'll spend the summer months feeding on the abundant
13 grasses and plants of the tundra. This is also when they give birth. When the first snows fall each
14 year, the caribou turn back south. Herds of female caribou, called cows, leave several weeks
15 before the males, which follow with yearling calves from the previous birthing season.
16 ____They are taller and lankier than reindeer, likely because they evolved to make these long
17 migrations. They are the only deer in which males and females both have antlers—though only
18 some females have them. Cows have one calf each year, which can stand after only a few minutes
19 and move on with its mother by the next day.
20 ____Caribou are classified as vulnerable to extinction, one step above endangered. Because
21 they're migratory, changes in the landscape, such as the appearance of new fences or other
22 human development on their migration routes, can be especially disruptive. Climate change is
23 also a threat. As the Arctic warms, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites,
24 which could quickly spread through a herd.
(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/caribou – text adapted especially
for this test).
Consider the standard English pronunciation of the “th” in though (l. 02). In which word below the “th” has a different pronunciation?
Instruction: Answer to questions 38 to 47 based on the text below. The Highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.
Caribou
01 ____Large hoofed animals belonging to the deer family, caribou and reindeer are actually the
02 same species — Rangifer tarandus. There are differences between caribou and reindeer though.
03 Caribou are native to North America, whereas reindeer are native to northern Europe and Asia.
04 Alaska does have some reindeer, however, imported from Siberia in the late 19th and early 20th
05 centuries.
06 ____Some people use the term "reindeer" to refer to domesticated work animals, such as those
07 pulling Santa's sleigh, but there are both wild and domestic herds of reindeer. Caribou, on the
08 other hand, are wild-living and long-migrating. Indigenous groups herd reindeer and use them for
09 their meat. That's also likely why reindeer evolved to be stockier than caribou.
10 ____Caribou make one of the world's great large-animal migrations. As summer approaches,
11 they head north along well-trod annual routes. Some herds may travel more than 600 miles to
12 get to their summer grazing grounds. They'll spend the summer months feeding on the abundant
13 grasses and plants of the tundra. This is also when they give birth. When the first snows fall each
14 year, the caribou turn back south. Herds of female caribou, called cows, leave several weeks
15 before the males, which follow with yearling calves from the previous birthing season.
16 ____They are taller and lankier than reindeer, likely because they evolved to make these long
17 migrations. They are the only deer in which males and females both have antlers—though only
18 some females have them. Cows have one calf each year, which can stand after only a few minutes
19 and move on with its mother by the next day.
20 ____Caribou are classified as vulnerable to extinction, one step above endangered. Because
21 they're migratory, changes in the landscape, such as the appearance of new fences or other
22 human development on their migration routes, can be especially disruptive. Climate change is
23 also a threat. As the Arctic warms, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites,
24 which could quickly spread through a herd.
(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/caribou – text adapted especially
for this test).
The use of “does” in “Alaska does have some reindeer […]” (l. 04) is:
Instruction: Answer to questions 38 to 47 based on the text below. The Highlights throughout the text are cited in the questions.
Caribou
01 ____Large hoofed animals belonging to the deer family, caribou and reindeer are actually the
02 same species — Rangifer tarandus. There are differences between caribou and reindeer though.
03 Caribou are native to North America, whereas reindeer are native to northern Europe and Asia.
04 Alaska does have some reindeer, however, imported from Siberia in the late 19th and early 20th
05 centuries.
06 ____Some people use the term "reindeer" to refer to domesticated work animals, such as those
07 pulling Santa's sleigh, but there are both wild and domestic herds of reindeer. Caribou, on the
08 other hand, are wild-living and long-migrating. Indigenous groups herd reindeer and use them for
09 their meat. That's also likely why reindeer evolved to be stockier than caribou.
10 ____Caribou make one of the world's great large-animal migrations. As summer approaches,
11 they head north along well-trod annual routes. Some herds may travel more than 600 miles to
12 get to their summer grazing grounds. They'll spend the summer months feeding on the abundant
13 grasses and plants of the tundra. This is also when they give birth. When the first snows fall each
14 year, the caribou turn back south. Herds of female caribou, called cows, leave several weeks
15 before the males, which follow with yearling calves from the previous birthing season.
16 ____They are taller and lankier than reindeer, likely because they evolved to make these long
17 migrations. They are the only deer in which males and females both have antlers—though only
18 some females have them. Cows have one calf each year, which can stand after only a few minutes
19 and move on with its mother by the next day.
20 ____Caribou are classified as vulnerable to extinction, one step above endangered. Because
21 they're migratory, changes in the landscape, such as the appearance of new fences or other
22 human development on their migration routes, can be especially disruptive. Climate change is
23 also a threat. As the Arctic warms, they become more susceptible to diseases and parasites,
24 which could quickly spread through a herd.
(Available in: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/caribou – text adapted especially
for this test).
Analyse the statements below about “its” (l. 19):
I. It is a possessive pronoun and it represents “the calf’s”.
II. It could be spelled as “it’s” with no significant changes in meaning.
III. It is used instead of “his/her” because animals are usually considered neutral nouns, especially when it is not specified if it is a male or female one.
Which ones are correct?
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