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Q3064508 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

Acoording the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT):


I. The communicative approach is based on the idea that learning language successfully comes through having to communicate real meaning.


II. The movement and approach known as Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is a good example of how a paradigm shift in language teaching reflects these two sources of change.


III. Practising question forms by asking learners to find out personal information about their colleagues is an example of the communicative approach, as it involves meaningful communication.


The correct staments are: 

Alternativas
Q3064507 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

Acoording to the text 1, the verbal tense in the fifth paragraph is:
Alternativas
Q3064506 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

In the text 1, the word “across” in the phrase “that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country.” (third paragraph) can be replaced by:
Alternativas
Q3064505 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

In text 1, the verbal tense in the second paragraph is:
Alternativas
Q3064504 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

In the text 1, which of the following sentences contains a relative clause?
Alternativas
Q3064503 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

The word "strengthened" in the sixth paragraph of the Text 1, means:
Alternativas
Q3064502 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

Choose the following phrasal verb from the Text 1, means to choose or select something from a group?
Alternativas
Q3064501 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

According to the Text1, which of the following statements about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being is not accurate?
Alternativas
Q3064500 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

In Text 1, The conjuction “and” (first paragraph) implies:
Alternativas
Q3064499 Inglês

TEXT 1


                                                   Why is music good for the brain?


                                                                                                                                                October 7, 2020

    By Andrew E. Budson, MD, Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing


                                        



1. Can music really affect your well-being, learning, cognitive function, quality of life, and even happiness? Hand in a recent survey on music and brain health conducted by AARP revealed some interesting findings about the impact of music on cognitive and emotional well-being: music listeners had higher scores for mental well-being and slightly reduced levels of anxiety and depression compared to people overall.


2. Of survey respondents who currently go to musical performances, 69% rated their brain health as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 58% for those who went in the past and 52% for those who never attended. Of those who reported often being exposed to music as a child, 68% rated their ability to learn new things as “excellent” or “very good,” compared to 50% of those who were not exposed to music.


3. Active musical engagement, including those over age 50, was associated with higher rates of happiness and good cognitive function. Adults with no early music exposure but who currently engage in some music appreciation show above average mental well-being scores. Those are pretty impressive results, to be sure. However, this 20-minute online survey has some limitations. For one, it included 3,185 US adults ages 18 and older; that is a small number if you are extrapolating to 328 million people across the country. For another, it is really a survey of people’s opinions. For example, although people might report their brain health as “excellent,” there was no objective measure of brain health such as an MRI scan, or even a test to measure their cognition.


4. Lastly, even if the ratings were true, the findings are only correlations. They do not prove that, for example, it was the exposure to music as a child that led to one’s improved ability to learn new things. It may be equally likely that those children brought up in more affluent households were both more likely to be exposed to music and to be given a good education that led to their being able to easily learn new things later in life.


5. Music has been shown to activate some of the broadest and most diverse networks of the brain. Of course, music activates the auditory cortex in the temporal lobes close to your ears, but that’s just the beginning. The parts of the brain involved in emotion are not only activated during emotional music, they are also synchronized. Music also activates a variety of memory regions. And, interestingly, music activates the motor system. In fact, it has been theorized that it is the activation of the brain’s motor system that allows us to pick out the beat of the music even before we start tapping our foot to it!


6. Okay, get along! so music activates just about all of the brain. Why is that so important? Well, have you ever heard the expression, “If you don’t use it, you’ll lose it”? It turns out this is actually true in the brain. Brain pathways — and even whole networks — are strengthened when they are used and are weakened when they are not used. The reason is that the brain is efficient; it isn’t going to bother keeping a brain pathway strong when it hasn’t been used in many years. The brain will use the neurons in that pathway for something else. These types of changes should be intuitively obvious to you — that’s why it is harder to speak that foreign language if you haven’t used it in 20 years; many of the old pathways have degraded and the neurons are being used for other purposes.


BUDSON, Andrew E. Why is music good for the brain? Harvard Health Publishing, 7 out. 2020. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 maio 2024

Based on the Text 1, what statement best describes the relationship between active musical engagement and cognitive function?
Alternativas
Q3064297 Português
Família: conceito, evolução e tipos


      A família representa a união entre pessoas que possuem laços sanguíneos, de convivência e baseados no afeto. No entanto, segundo a Constituição brasileira, o conceito de família abrange diversas formas de organização fundamentadas na relação afetiva entre seus membros.

       Entretanto, não se trata de um conceito rígido ou imutável. Ao longo da história, o conceito de família já assumiu diversos significados.

     Atualmente, após debates envolvendo diversos setores da sociedade, o direito brasileiro assumiu de que a constituição familiar fundamenta-se no afeto. Esse entendimento substitui o anterior, que baseava a família no matrimônio e na procriação.

     O conceito de família abrange diversas formas de organização baseadas na convivência, na relação afetiva entre seus membros e o cuidado com os indivíduos mais jovens.

     Segundo o artigo 226 da Constituição da República de 1988, a família é compreendida como a base da sociedade e recebe uma proteção especial do Estado.

         Ao longo dos anos, o significado de família vem sendo alterado. A família tradicional, família nuclear, composta por pai, provedor da casa; mãe, cuidadora da família, e seus filhos foi sendo substituída por novos tipos de família.

        Atualmente, o entendimento jurídico sobre a família comporta vários tipos de agregado familiar e visa dar conta de toda a complexidade dos fatores que unem as pessoas. Assim temos:



1. Família nuclear e família extensa
A família nuclear é compreendida de forma restrita, composta por pais e seus filhos.
Por sua vez, a família extensa ou alargada é compreendida como sendo composta também por avós, tios, primos e outras relações de parentesco.



2. Família matrimonial
A família matrimonial comporta a ideia tradicional de família, constituída a partir da oficialização do matrimônio (casamento).
Na lei vigente, a família matrimonial compreende os casamentos civis e religiosos, podendo ser hétero ou homoafetivo.



3. Família informal
Família informal é o termo utilizado para os agregados familiares formados a partir da união estável entre seus elementos. Esse tipo de família  recebe todo o tipo de amparo legal mesmo sem a oficialização do matrimônio.



4. Família monoparental
As famílias monoparentais são formadas pela criança ou o jovem e apenas um de seus progenitores (pai ou mãe).



5. Família reconstituída
A família reconstituída é formada quando pelo menos um dos cônjuges possui um filho de um relacionamento anterior.



6. Família anaparental
São as famílias que não possuem a figura dos pais, onde os irmãos tornam-se responsáveis uns pelos outros. A lei vigente abrange também a formação de um agregado a partir de laços afetivos, como no caso de amigos, onde não há uma relação de parentalidade.



7. Família unipessoal
As famílias unipessoais cumprem uma função jurídica importante por se tratarem de pessoas que vivem sozinhas (pessoas solteiras, viúvas ou separadas). Essas pessoas recebem amparo legal e não podem ter suas heranças familiares penhoradas pela justiça.



         Ao longo da história, o termo família foi assumindo novos significados. Nota-se que o termo Família tem origem no latim famulus, que era compreendido como o grupo de servos domésticos.

      No Império Romano, o conceito de família passou a designar a união entre duas pessoas e seus descendentes. Nesse momento, tem início também a ideia de matrimônio. Isso assegurava a transmissão de bens e estatuto social de forma hereditária (dos pais para os filhos).

      Durante a Idade Média, houve o estabelecimento da união matrimonial como um sacramento da Igreja. Essa mudança é uma marca da relação entre a Igreja e o Estado.

         Surge a ideia do casamento como uma instituição sagrada, indissolúvel e destinada à reprodução. É durante esse período que se consolida o conceito de família tradicional composto por pai, mãe e seus filhos.

      No período após a Revolução Industrial e a consolidação da contemporaneidade, houve o aumento da complexidade das relações e das possibilidades de formação de diversos tipos de famílias. Essa mudança fez com que houvesse uma evolução do próprio conceito.

     Questões relativas ao matrimônio e à reprodução perdem força e o fator determinante para a formação de uma unidade familiar torna-se o afeto.


MENEZES, Pedro. Disponível em:
https://www.todamateria.com.br/familia-conceitotipos/
Os dois-pontos presentes no 8º parágrafo foram utilizados textualmente para introduzirem um(a): 
Alternativas
Q3064295 Português
Família: conceito, evolução e tipos


      A família representa a união entre pessoas que possuem laços sanguíneos, de convivência e baseados no afeto. No entanto, segundo a Constituição brasileira, o conceito de família abrange diversas formas de organização fundamentadas na relação afetiva entre seus membros.

       Entretanto, não se trata de um conceito rígido ou imutável. Ao longo da história, o conceito de família já assumiu diversos significados.

     Atualmente, após debates envolvendo diversos setores da sociedade, o direito brasileiro assumiu de que a constituição familiar fundamenta-se no afeto. Esse entendimento substitui o anterior, que baseava a família no matrimônio e na procriação.

     O conceito de família abrange diversas formas de organização baseadas na convivência, na relação afetiva entre seus membros e o cuidado com os indivíduos mais jovens.

     Segundo o artigo 226 da Constituição da República de 1988, a família é compreendida como a base da sociedade e recebe uma proteção especial do Estado.

         Ao longo dos anos, o significado de família vem sendo alterado. A família tradicional, família nuclear, composta por pai, provedor da casa; mãe, cuidadora da família, e seus filhos foi sendo substituída por novos tipos de família.

        Atualmente, o entendimento jurídico sobre a família comporta vários tipos de agregado familiar e visa dar conta de toda a complexidade dos fatores que unem as pessoas. Assim temos:



1. Família nuclear e família extensa
A família nuclear é compreendida de forma restrita, composta por pais e seus filhos.
Por sua vez, a família extensa ou alargada é compreendida como sendo composta também por avós, tios, primos e outras relações de parentesco.



2. Família matrimonial
A família matrimonial comporta a ideia tradicional de família, constituída a partir da oficialização do matrimônio (casamento).
Na lei vigente, a família matrimonial compreende os casamentos civis e religiosos, podendo ser hétero ou homoafetivo.



3. Família informal
Família informal é o termo utilizado para os agregados familiares formados a partir da união estável entre seus elementos. Esse tipo de família  recebe todo o tipo de amparo legal mesmo sem a oficialização do matrimônio.



4. Família monoparental
As famílias monoparentais são formadas pela criança ou o jovem e apenas um de seus progenitores (pai ou mãe).



5. Família reconstituída
A família reconstituída é formada quando pelo menos um dos cônjuges possui um filho de um relacionamento anterior.



6. Família anaparental
São as famílias que não possuem a figura dos pais, onde os irmãos tornam-se responsáveis uns pelos outros. A lei vigente abrange também a formação de um agregado a partir de laços afetivos, como no caso de amigos, onde não há uma relação de parentalidade.



7. Família unipessoal
As famílias unipessoais cumprem uma função jurídica importante por se tratarem de pessoas que vivem sozinhas (pessoas solteiras, viúvas ou separadas). Essas pessoas recebem amparo legal e não podem ter suas heranças familiares penhoradas pela justiça.



         Ao longo da história, o termo família foi assumindo novos significados. Nota-se que o termo Família tem origem no latim famulus, que era compreendido como o grupo de servos domésticos.

      No Império Romano, o conceito de família passou a designar a união entre duas pessoas e seus descendentes. Nesse momento, tem início também a ideia de matrimônio. Isso assegurava a transmissão de bens e estatuto social de forma hereditária (dos pais para os filhos).

      Durante a Idade Média, houve o estabelecimento da união matrimonial como um sacramento da Igreja. Essa mudança é uma marca da relação entre a Igreja e o Estado.

         Surge a ideia do casamento como uma instituição sagrada, indissolúvel e destinada à reprodução. É durante esse período que se consolida o conceito de família tradicional composto por pai, mãe e seus filhos.

      No período após a Revolução Industrial e a consolidação da contemporaneidade, houve o aumento da complexidade das relações e das possibilidades de formação de diversos tipos de famílias. Essa mudança fez com que houvesse uma evolução do próprio conceito.

     Questões relativas ao matrimônio e à reprodução perdem força e o fator determinante para a formação de uma unidade familiar torna-se o afeto.


MENEZES, Pedro. Disponível em:
https://www.todamateria.com.br/familia-conceitotipos/
Quanto à tipologia, o último parágrafo do texto lido, apresenta o tipo textual: 
Alternativas
Q3064163 Português
Qual das alternativas apresenta um termo catafórico?
Alternativas
Q3064162 Português
Na frase "Ana disse que voltaria logo. Ela estava com pressa", o termo "Ela" é:
Alternativas
Q3064101 Inglês
In which sentence is the use of articles incorrect? 
Alternativas
Q3064100 Inglês
Which sentence correctly uses a future continuous tense?
Alternativas
Q3064099 Inglês
Choose the correct sentence using the present perfect continuous:
Alternativas
Q3063898 Redação Oficial
A parte de um ato normativo que contém o nome e o cargo da autoridade e a atribuição constitucional que permite promulgar o ato é denominada de
Alternativas
Q3063897 Redação Oficial
No que se refere às regras da redação oficial, considerando a estrutura básica de elaboração de uma norma, é correto afirmar que
Alternativas
Q3063580 Português

Leia, com atenção, o texto e, a seguir, responda à questão.


texto18-19.png (872×241)

Analise as afirmativas a seguir tendo em vista as inferências que se podem fazer sobre o texto.

I. A fala do filho, no segundo quadro, indica que ele percebeu que seu pai estava sendo irônico na sua resposta no primeiro quadro.
II. A fala do pai, no primeiro quadro, demonstra que ele considera que ter boas maneiras à mesa é importante.
III. A fala do pai, no segundo quadro, mostra que a mãe considera que ter boas maneiras à mesa é importante.
IV. Pai e filho concordam que ter boas maneiras à mesa é importante em ocasiões especiais.
V. O pai espera que um dia possa ser convidado para jantar com o rei da Inglaterra, por isso considera importante ter boas maneiras à mesa.

Estão CORRETAS as afirmativas 
Alternativas
Respostas
1081: E
1082: A
1083: B
1084: A
1085: C
1086: B
1087: C
1088: D
1089: A
1090: C
1091: B
1092: A
1093: A
1094: C
1095: C
1096: C
1097: D
1098: D
1099: B
1100: B