Questões de Vestibular UCPEL 2018 para Vestibular

A “Marcha das Mulheres” (Women`s March), realizada em janeiro de 2017, foi o maior protesto coordenado da história dos Estados Unidos da América e um dos maiores já registrados no mundo. Os cartazes abaixo, criados pelo artista de rua Shepard Fairey para o projeto “We the People”, da Amplifier Foundation, circularam pelas manifestações que marcaram o evento. 




Fonte: http://constitutionus.com/ Acesso em: 10 de novembro de 2017. 
Nesse sentido, a mensagem verbo-visual dos referidos cartazes busca:

Na tirinha ao lado:

Leia os textos a seguir e responda à questão posta na sequência.
POPE FRANCIS DELIVERS SURPRISE SPEECH TO TED CONFERENCE
“No one is an island,” the Pope has said during a surprise talk at the TED2017 conference in Vancouver, British Columbia.
Appearing during a 17-minute pre-recorded talk, the Francis became the first Pope in history to participate in a TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) conference.
Speaking from behind a desk in the Vatican, Pope Francis said: “First and foremost, I would love it if this meeting could help to remind us that we all need each other, none of us is an autonomous and independent ‘I,’ separated from the other, and we can only build the future by standing together, including everyone.”
TED is an organisation, which hosts conferences all over the world where many high profile figures talk on a number of topics.
During his speech, Pope Francis said that he hoped social inclusion and equality would accompany scientific and technological innovation.
He said: “How wonderful would it be if solidarity, this beautiful and, at times, inconvenient word, were not simply reduced to social work, and became, instead, the default attitude in political, economic and scientific choices, as well as in the relationships among individuals, peoples and countries,” he said.
“Only by educating people to a true solidarity will we be able to overcome the ‘culture of waste,’ which doesn’t concern only food and goods but, first and foremost, the people who are cast aside by our technoeconomic systems which, without even realising it, are now putting products at their core, instead of people.”
The Pope went on to call for a “revolution of tenderness,” asking: “And what is tenderness? It is the love that comes close and becomes real. It is a movement that starts from our heart and reaches the eyes, the ears and the hands.”
Pope Francis reminded his audience that we all depend on each other, saying: “The future of humankind isn’t exclusively in the hands of politicians, of great leaders, of big companies,” he said. “Yes, they do hold an enormous responsibility. But the future is, most of all, in the hands of those people who recognise the other as a ‘you’ and themselves as part of an ‘us.’ We all need each other.”
The Pope also said that good intentions were not enough. He said: “Good intentions and conventional formulas, so often used to appease our conscience, are not enough. Let us help each other, all together, to remember that the other is not a statistic or a number. The other has a face. The ‘you’ is always a real presence, a person to take care of.”
Fonte: http://www.catholicherald.co.uk/news/2017/04/26/pope-francis-delivers-surprise-speech-to-ted-conference/ (editado). Acesso em: 09 de novembro de 2017.
NO MAN IS AN ISLAND
No man is an island, Entire of itself;
Every man is a piece of the continent,
A part of the main.
If a clod be washed away by the sea,
Europe is the less,
As well as if a promontory were:
As well as if a manor of thy friend’s
Or of thine own were.
Any man’s death diminishes me,
Because I am involved in mankind.
And therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls;
It tolls for thee.
By John Donne (Meditation XVII)
John Donne (1572-1631), poeta inglês, foi um dos nomes mais expressivos de sua época. Ele era cristão, foi pastor anglicano e chegou a ser nomeado decano da St. Paul Cathedral, em Londres. Sua obra é marcada por poemas de tom metafísico, entre outros. Na fala do Papa Francisco à conferência TED, é possível estabelecer uma relação intertextual com o poema “No man is an island”, de John Donne. Na fala do Papa, a relação intertextual é estabelecida pelo uso da expressão metafórica “No one is an island.” Entre as alternativas abaixo, indique o trecho do discurso do Papa Francisco cujo sentido mais se aproxima à mensagem do poema de John Donne:

HOW TO ESCAPE THE ONLINE SPIES
WHETHER YOU’RE TWEETING, SHOPPING OR JUST BROWSING, INTERNET COMPANIES ARE MONITORING YOU.
Nobody likes being spied on. When you’re innocently browsing the web, it’s deeply unpleasant to think that faceless technology corporations are monitoring and recording your every move. While such data collection is legal, that doesn’t mean it’s all right. There are plenty of things you might prefer to keep to yourself, such as your income, your sexuality, your political views or your membership of the Yoko Ono fanclub.
While you might console yourself with the knowledge that all of this information is mostly used for targeting ads, that might not be the case for much longer. The internet giants are building up ever more detailed user profiles – and finding new ways to exploit that information.
Even if you’ve nothing to hide, therefore, it may be wise to minimise your exposure to online tracking. Here’s how Google spy on you – and how to protect your privacy.
GOOGLE
Most of us use Google services every day, and as a result the web giant knows a huge amount about our movements and interests. You can find out everything it’s learned about you at myaccount.google.com. Your data is all set out in an impressively forthright way; the only problem is, there’s so much information to work through that it can be bewildering to navigate.
One section that’s worth your attention is “Manage your Google activity”. Here you’ll find Google’s activity controls, which let you disable various types of data collection.
For example, you can tell Google not to log your Chrome browsing history and activity, to stop tracking your location and to desist from keeping records of any voice commands you might issue. Turning these features off can make Google services less smart, but you might consider that a price worth paying. For a closer look at the information Google’s been collecting on you lately, click on “My activity”. This brings up a timeline showing all of your searches, webpage visits, Android app activity and so forth. Seeing your digital life laid bare like this can be pretty unnerving: if there’s something you’d prefer Google to forget, simply click on the menu icon to its right and delete.
If you want to thoroughly inspect everything Google knows about you, you can even download a comprehensive archive of personal information by clicking on “Control your content” > “Download your data”. Be warned, though, this archive can be huge: the default settings include all the emails in your Gmail account, and any videos you may have uploaded to YouTube.
If you want to limit the information you share with Google in the future, the easiest way is simply to use it less. For example, try the privacy-focused search engine at duckduckgo.com, and use an alternative browser such as Firefox.
Fonte: https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/13/ how-to-get-privacy-digital-life-data-monitoring-gathering-amazon-facebook-google (editado). Acesso em: 10 de novembro de 2017.
Segundo o texto, as informações que o usuário gera ao navegar pela internet podem servir para fins outros que não apenas publicitários. A empresa Google, por exemplo, oferece recursos que permitem ao usuário evitar a espionagem excessiva. Abaixo, marque a alternativa em que constam as orientações sobre como evitar o recolhimento de informações pelo Google, de acordo com o texto: