Questões de Concurso Militar IME 2016 para Aluno - Português e Inglês
Foram encontradas 40 questões
Atente para os seguintes recursos coesivos usados no Texto 1:
QUE (linha 1);
SEUS (linha 4);
SUA (linha 8);
SUA (linha 12);
SUAS (linha 90);
Tais recursos recuperam, respectivamente, as palavras:
Leia atentamente as assertivas seguintes em relação ao último parágrafo do Texto 1 e a 2ª, a 5ª e a 6ª estrofes do Texto 2.
I. O poeta salienta um desejo insaciável do homem em encontrar novos lugares para explorar.
II. O último parágrafo do Texto 1 trata, dentre outras coisas, da frustração vivenciada em função de, um dia, ter havido confiança desmedida na capacidade do homem para gerenciar as questões relacionadas aos recursos do planeta Terra.
III. A “insuspeitada alegria” a que o poeta faz referência remete à “busca de conforto e qualidade de vida” por meio da inteligência e da tecnologia, conforme aos anseios apontados no último parágrafo do Texto 1.
IV. O neologismo “dangerosíssima” aponta para o perigo de se descobrir coisas que podem ser ruins dentro de si mesmo.
São verdadeiras
Observe a pontuação apresentada nos trechos abaixo destacados:
I. (…) os passageiros, utilizando-se da inesgotável energia solar, processam, por meio de sua tecnologia e de seu metabolismo, os recursos naturais finitos, gerando, inexoravelmente, algum tipo de poluição. (linhas 12 a 14 do Texto 1)
II. (…) uma erupção vulcânica, apesar de poder ser considerada uma fonte poluidora, é um fenômeno natural não provocado pelo homem (…). (linhas 71 e 72 do Texto 1)
O uso de vírgulas nos trechos destacadas indicam
A transtextualização ou intertextualidade é um “processo pelo qual o enunciador constrói seu texto (texto meta) mediante a incorporação ou transformação da totalidade ou de parte de outro texto (texto fonte)” (AZEREDO, J. C. Gramática Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa, p. 96).
São vários os tipos de transtextualização elencados na referida obra, dentre eles a incorporação, a citação, a alusão, a reelaboração, a paráfrase, a tradução e a paródia. Especificamente,
a alusão consiste em evocar um texto ou discurso anterior (de outro gênero, de outra época, de outra cultura), para produzir, no presente, um efeito de sentido autorizado ou legitimado pelo texto/discurso evocado. Diferentemente da citação, cuja incorporação o interlocutor identifica graças às marcas, a alusão só é percebida se o texto que ela evoca faz parte da cultura do interlocutor (IBIDEM, p. 98).
Atente para as seguintes assertivas apresentadas na comparação dos textos 2 e 3.
I. Há uma relação explícita entre o primeiro verso do poema de Drummond e o último verso do Canto I de Os Lusíadas, de Camões, apresentados nesta prova.
II. O verso camoniano “Tanta necessidade aborrecida” pode ser visto como um desencadeador da descrição drummondiana do tédio do homem face a suas conquistas que não o levam à resolução de problemas mais imediatos como a fome, a desigualdade e as injustiças, também evocadas por Camões nos versos iniciais da estrofe 106 de Os Lusíadas.
III. O texto brasileiro alude diretamente ao texto português no uso da expressão “engenho e arte”, recorrendo, inclusive, à mesma parceria rítmica (parte/arte).
IV. Enquanto em Camões a humanização reivindicada refere-se a uma europeização do espaço terrestre, no poema de Drummond, diferentemente, a humanização é interplanetária, o que se verifica inclusive pelo uso da maiúscula na palavra Terra no primeiro verso de seu poema.
São marcas de alusão
Leia atentamente as assertivas seguintes a propósito dos Textos 2 e 3:
I. Os versos “Cesse tudo o que a Musa antiga canta,/Que outro valor mais alto se alevanta.” reivindicam, para os portugueses, a glória de haver sobrepujado qualquer outra façanha humana, o que se confirma no próprio poema quando se afirma que mesmo os deuses Netuno e Marte obedeceram a esse povo ilustre.
II. Tanto os versos de Camões quanto os de Carlos Drummond de Andrade recorrem à mudança de tempo verbal, ressaltando a importância dessa escolha para melhor revelar as incertezas que assolam o homem em sua pequenez e insignificância diante dos mistérios de sua existência.
III. Os textos diferem completamente um do outro quanto à escolha do léxico e à sintaxe: enquanto o texto do poeta brasileiro abriga neologismos e gírias em suas construções e faz uso de construções sintáticas diretas e simples, o texto do poeta português apresenta vocabulário erudito e construções sintáticas que invertem a ordem natural da sintaxe portuguesa.
IV. É possível estabelecer uma comparação entre o verso drummondiano “roupa insiderável de viver no Sol” (7ª estrofe do Texto 2) e o verso camoniano “mais do que prometia a força humana” (1ª estrofe do Texto 3): ambos constatam a forte presença dos “engenhos” que a capacidade inventiva do homem consegue elaborar.
São verdadeiras
Acerca do “ponto de vista legal do controle da poluição”, o autor do Texto 1 afirma:
“(...) para fins práticos, em especial do ponto de vista legal de controle da poluição, acrescentamos que o conceito de poluição deve ser associado às alterações indesejáveis provocadas pelas atividades e intervenções humanas no ambiente.”
Considerando o trecho acima e o comportamento do homem ao desbravar novos territórios explorado no poema “O homem: as viagens”, podemos afirmar que
I. o verso “humaniza Marte com engenho e arte” não pode ser lido como uma crítica às alterações do homem em meios ambientais.
II. o verso “outros planetas restam para outras colônias” traz a ideia de comportamento repetitivo adotado pelo homem em suas “colônias”.
III. o “engenho” citado no poema pode ser considerado como a prática das ações poluidoras citadas no conceito de poluição do item 1.3.
Considere a afirmação:
“Isso talvez possa ser explicado pela incerteza que os humanos passaram a experimentar em relação à própria sobrevivência da espécie e pela constatação de sua incapacidade de entender e controlar os processos e as transformações ambientais decorrentes de suas atividades.” (linhas 87 a 90 do Texto 1)
Em sua busca pela sobrevivência da espécie, o homem tem sede de colonizar novos espaços, já que a Terra apresenta condições incertas de sobrevivência devido à poluição, dentre outras coisas. Assinale a alternativa em que o verso do poema de Drummond (Texto 2) traduz esse desejo de explorar novos espaços.
Texto 1
LANDFILLS AND THE INTRODUCTION OF NANOMATERIALS IN WASTE
Waste disposal on land (dumping) and landfilling remain the most prominent waste management techniques used ______. The standards and practices for this type of waste disposal vary greatly ranging from uncontrolled sites to highly specialised and controlled engineered landfills. The potential ______ of contaminants through landfill gas and leachate is largely dependent on landfill design, site conditions and the sophistication of the control measures in place, ______ landfill gas recovery and leachate collection and treatment systems.
Modern engineered landfills use ______ barriers, with few relying on natural barriers, to line the bottom of a landfill and incorporate collection systems for both leachate and landfill gas. The purpose of these collection systems is to capture and treat leachate and landfill gas; ______ preventing the migration of leachate into ground/surface water and the release of untreated landfill gases to the atmosphere. An un-engineered landfill would be considered an uncontrolled system due to the lack of environmental controls, potentially resulting in significant environmental exposure of contaminants.
Because of widespread use of ENMs in a broad range of products, it is possible that some ENMs ______ through landfill gases; however this report will primarily focus on ENMs that may be present in landfill leachate, as this is considered to be the primary means by which ENMs could be transported______ a landfill. Characterisation of landfill gases to identify the presence of ENMs ______ an important area for further research.
Landfill leachate is generated when rain passes through the waste mass and by the liquid generated due to the breakdown of waste ______ the landfill. The composition of leachate is extremely ______ depending on the type of waste landfilled, the quantity of precipitation, the construction and operation of the landfill, the age of the landfill and other factors such as pH, temperature and microbial populations.
(…)
ENMs = engineered nanomaterials.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Landfills and the introduction of
nanomaterials in waste. In: Landfilling of waste containing nanomaterials and nanowaste, 2015.
Disponível em:
Texto 1
LANDFILLS AND THE INTRODUCTION OF NANOMATERIALS IN WASTE
Waste disposal on land (dumping) and landfilling remain the most prominent waste management techniques used ______. The standards and practices for this type of waste disposal vary greatly ranging from uncontrolled sites to highly specialised and controlled engineered landfills. The potential ______ of contaminants through landfill gas and leachate is largely dependent on landfill design, site conditions and the sophistication of the control measures in place, ______ landfill gas recovery and leachate collection and treatment systems.
Modern engineered landfills use ______ barriers, with few relying on natural barriers, to line the bottom of a landfill and incorporate collection systems for both leachate and landfill gas. The purpose of these collection systems is to capture and treat leachate and landfill gas; ______ preventing the migration of leachate into ground/surface water and the release of untreated landfill gases to the atmosphere. An un-engineered landfill would be considered an uncontrolled system due to the lack of environmental controls, potentially resulting in significant environmental exposure of contaminants.
Because of widespread use of ENMs in a broad range of products, it is possible that some ENMs ______ through landfill gases; however this report will primarily focus on ENMs that may be present in landfill leachate, as this is considered to be the primary means by which ENMs could be transported______ a landfill. Characterisation of landfill gases to identify the presence of ENMs ______ an important area for further research.
Landfill leachate is generated when rain passes through the waste mass and by the liquid generated due to the breakdown of waste ______ the landfill. The composition of leachate is extremely ______ depending on the type of waste landfilled, the quantity of precipitation, the construction and operation of the landfill, the age of the landfill and other factors such as pH, temperature and microbial populations.
(…)
ENMs = engineered nanomaterials.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Landfills and the introduction of
nanomaterials in waste. In: Landfilling of waste containing nanomaterials and nanowaste, 2015.
Disponível em:
Texto 1
LANDFILLS AND THE INTRODUCTION OF NANOMATERIALS IN WASTE
Waste disposal on land (dumping) and landfilling remain the most prominent waste management techniques used ______. The standards and practices for this type of waste disposal vary greatly ranging from uncontrolled sites to highly specialised and controlled engineered landfills. The potential ______ of contaminants through landfill gas and leachate is largely dependent on landfill design, site conditions and the sophistication of the control measures in place, ______ landfill gas recovery and leachate collection and treatment systems.
Modern engineered landfills use ______ barriers, with few relying on natural barriers, to line the bottom of a landfill and incorporate collection systems for both leachate and landfill gas. The purpose of these collection systems is to capture and treat leachate and landfill gas; ______ preventing the migration of leachate into ground/surface water and the release of untreated landfill gases to the atmosphere. An un-engineered landfill would be considered an uncontrolled system due to the lack of environmental controls, potentially resulting in significant environmental exposure of contaminants.
Because of widespread use of ENMs in a broad range of products, it is possible that some ENMs ______ through landfill gases; however this report will primarily focus on ENMs that may be present in landfill leachate, as this is considered to be the primary means by which ENMs could be transported______ a landfill. Characterisation of landfill gases to identify the presence of ENMs ______ an important area for further research.
Landfill leachate is generated when rain passes through the waste mass and by the liquid generated due to the breakdown of waste ______ the landfill. The composition of leachate is extremely ______ depending on the type of waste landfilled, the quantity of precipitation, the construction and operation of the landfill, the age of the landfill and other factors such as pH, temperature and microbial populations.
(…)
ENMs = engineered nanomaterials.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Landfills and the introduction of
nanomaterials in waste. In: Landfilling of waste containing nanomaterials and nanowaste, 2015.
Disponível em:
Texto 1
LANDFILLS AND THE INTRODUCTION OF NANOMATERIALS IN WASTE
Waste disposal on land (dumping) and landfilling remain the most prominent waste management techniques used ______. The standards and practices for this type of waste disposal vary greatly ranging from uncontrolled sites to highly specialised and controlled engineered landfills. The potential ______ of contaminants through landfill gas and leachate is largely dependent on landfill design, site conditions and the sophistication of the control measures in place, ______ landfill gas recovery and leachate collection and treatment systems.
Modern engineered landfills use ______ barriers, with few relying on natural barriers, to line the bottom of a landfill and incorporate collection systems for both leachate and landfill gas. The purpose of these collection systems is to capture and treat leachate and landfill gas; ______ preventing the migration of leachate into ground/surface water and the release of untreated landfill gases to the atmosphere. An un-engineered landfill would be considered an uncontrolled system due to the lack of environmental controls, potentially resulting in significant environmental exposure of contaminants.
Because of widespread use of ENMs in a broad range of products, it is possible that some ENMs ______ through landfill gases; however this report will primarily focus on ENMs that may be present in landfill leachate, as this is considered to be the primary means by which ENMs could be transported______ a landfill. Characterisation of landfill gases to identify the presence of ENMs ______ an important area for further research.
Landfill leachate is generated when rain passes through the waste mass and by the liquid generated due to the breakdown of waste ______ the landfill. The composition of leachate is extremely ______ depending on the type of waste landfilled, the quantity of precipitation, the construction and operation of the landfill, the age of the landfill and other factors such as pH, temperature and microbial populations.
(…)
ENMs = engineered nanomaterials.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Landfills and the introduction of
nanomaterials in waste. In: Landfilling of waste containing nanomaterials and nanowaste, 2015.
Disponível em:
Texto 1
LANDFILLS AND THE INTRODUCTION OF NANOMATERIALS IN WASTE
Waste disposal on land (dumping) and landfilling remain the most prominent waste management techniques used ______. The standards and practices for this type of waste disposal vary greatly ranging from uncontrolled sites to highly specialised and controlled engineered landfills. The potential ______ of contaminants through landfill gas and leachate is largely dependent on landfill design, site conditions and the sophistication of the control measures in place, ______ landfill gas recovery and leachate collection and treatment systems.
Modern engineered landfills use ______ barriers, with few relying on natural barriers, to line the bottom of a landfill and incorporate collection systems for both leachate and landfill gas. The purpose of these collection systems is to capture and treat leachate and landfill gas; ______ preventing the migration of leachate into ground/surface water and the release of untreated landfill gases to the atmosphere. An un-engineered landfill would be considered an uncontrolled system due to the lack of environmental controls, potentially resulting in significant environmental exposure of contaminants.
Because of widespread use of ENMs in a broad range of products, it is possible that some ENMs ______ through landfill gases; however this report will primarily focus on ENMs that may be present in landfill leachate, as this is considered to be the primary means by which ENMs could be transported______ a landfill. Characterisation of landfill gases to identify the presence of ENMs ______ an important area for further research.
Landfill leachate is generated when rain passes through the waste mass and by the liquid generated due to the breakdown of waste ______ the landfill. The composition of leachate is extremely ______ depending on the type of waste landfilled, the quantity of precipitation, the construction and operation of the landfill, the age of the landfill and other factors such as pH, temperature and microbial populations.
(…)
ENMs = engineered nanomaterials.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Landfills and the introduction of
nanomaterials in waste. In: Landfilling of waste containing nanomaterials and nanowaste, 2015.
Disponível em:
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