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Ainda segundo Moura no referido texto, a Pedagogia de Projetos entende que o papel do educador na construção do conhecimento por parte do aluno é o de
A partir das leituras feitas, nomeadamente do art. 13, § 6° , da Resolução CNE/CEB n°04/2010, Jonas tomou ciência de que, na abordagem curricular, a transversalidade está ligada à dimensão didático-pedagógica enquanto a interdisciplinaridade refere-se
Os problemas das relações entre Lógica e Linguística não_________ simples de _________esclarecidos, mas ninguém duvida de que seria necessário, em princípio, opor o plano lógico-semântico ao plano da manifestação linguística. Entretanto, embora certos linguistas__________ tentado distinguir a modalidade linguística da lógica, as definições oferecidas trazem, na maior parte das vezes, a marca lógica. E afinal, apesar de as línguas naturais não se________ de maneira lógica, as pesquisas_________ demonstrado que os domínios da Lógica e da Linguística são inseparáveis. (M.H. Moura Neves, Texto e Gramática, 2006, p. 157. Adaptado)
Conforme expõe Mauri no referido texto, nessa terceira vertente, o papel do ensino consiste em
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta uma afirmação correta sobre os ambientes escolares, segundo a referida obra.
Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.
An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.
(...)
People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.
(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)
Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.
An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.
(...)
People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.
(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)
Read the following extract to answer question.
Innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s has been stimulated by a special concern for the language learning process. New methods propose that language learning is best served when students are interacting – completing a task or learning content or resolving real-life issues – where linguistic structures are not taught one by one, but where attention to linguistic form is given as necessary. These views of language learning have been informed by research in second language acquisition. Also giving learning a special focus are methodological innovations of the late 1980s and 1990s. These include teaching learning strategies, using cooperative learning, and planning lessons in such a way that different intelligences are addressed.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000)
Read the following extract to answer question.
Innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s has been stimulated by a special concern for the language learning process. New methods propose that language learning is best served when students are interacting – completing a task or learning content or resolving real-life issues – where linguistic structures are not taught one by one, but where attention to linguistic form is given as necessary. These views of language learning have been informed by research in second language acquisition. Also giving learning a special focus are methodological innovations of the late 1980s and 1990s. These include teaching learning strategies, using cooperative learning, and planning lessons in such a way that different intelligences are addressed.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000)
Read the following extract to answer question.
Innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s has been stimulated by a special concern for the language learning process. New methods propose that language learning is best served when students are interacting – completing a task or learning content or resolving real-life issues – where linguistic structures are not taught one by one, but where attention to linguistic form is given as necessary. These views of language learning have been informed by research in second language acquisition. Also giving learning a special focus are methodological innovations of the late 1980s and 1990s. These include teaching learning strategies, using cooperative learning, and planning lessons in such a way that different intelligences are addressed.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000)
Read the text below and answer the question.
Thought-in-Action Links
It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado)
Read the text below and answer the question.
Thought-in-Action Links
It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado)
Read the text below and answer the question.
Thought-in-Action Links
It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.
(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
A ‘dificuldade’ de um texto não se mede pelo tipo de oração ou complexidade sintática que ele contém. Não há texto fácil ou difícil do ponto de vista linguístico, simplesmente. Na sala de aula, o sucesso de um texto como parte de uma atividade depende do que se vai fazer com ele.
Um texto autêntico oferece mais oportunidades para o aluno e o professor tomarem contato com o inglês “de verdade”, aquele usado em comunicação real, no mundo real. Um texto real possui todos os defeitos e as virtudes da vida real: é complexo, rico, imprevisível, interessante e arriscado. As sequências de palavras de um texto autêntico ecoam nas vozes dos milhões de falantes de inglês no mundo. Um texto artificial, por sua vez, ecoa apenas parcialmente e não exibe o encanto e o desafio do texto autêntico.
(Tony B. Sardinha. “The book is not on the table: autenticidade e idiomaticidade do texto para ensino de inglês na perspectiva da linguística de corpus”. IN: Maria Cristina Damianovic (org). Material Didático: Elaboração e Avaliação. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
By the end of the twentieth century English was already well on its way to becoming a genuine lingua franca. Just as in the Middle Ages Latin became for a time a language of international communication, so English is now commonly used in exchanges between, say, Japanese and Argentinian business people or between Singaporeans and their Vietnamese counterparts.
A number of researchers have studied lingua franca conversations and have noted a number of somewhat surprising characteristics, including:
• Increasing of redundancy by adding prepositions (We have to study about... and Can we discuss about...?).
• Large use of certain verbs of high semantic generality, such as do, have, make, put, take.
• Pluralisation of nouns which are considered uncountable in native-speaker English (advices, staffs).
The evidence suggests that non-native speakers are not conforming to a native English standard. Indeed they seem to get along perfectly well despite the fact that they miss things out and put things in which they ‘should not do’. Not only this, but they are actually better at ‘accommodating’ than native speakers are when talking to second language speakers.
(Jeremy Harmer. The practice of English language teaching. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
By the end of the twentieth century English was already well on its way to becoming a genuine lingua franca. Just as in the Middle Ages Latin became for a time a language of international communication, so English is now commonly used in exchanges between, say, Japanese and Argentinian business people or between Singaporeans and their Vietnamese counterparts.
A number of researchers have studied lingua franca conversations and have noted a number of somewhat surprising characteristics, including:
• Increasing of redundancy by adding prepositions (We have to study about... and Can we discuss about...?).
• Large use of certain verbs of high semantic generality, such as do, have, make, put, take.
• Pluralisation of nouns which are considered uncountable in native-speaker English (advices, staffs).
The evidence suggests that non-native speakers are not conforming to a native English standard. Indeed they seem to get along perfectly well despite the fact that they miss things out and put things in which they ‘should not do’. Not only this, but they are actually better at ‘accommodating’ than native speakers are when talking to second language speakers.
(Jeremy Harmer. The practice of English language teaching. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
By the end of the twentieth century English was already well on its way to becoming a genuine lingua franca. Just as in the Middle Ages Latin became for a time a language of international communication, so English is now commonly used in exchanges between, say, Japanese and Argentinian business people or between Singaporeans and their Vietnamese counterparts.
A number of researchers have studied lingua franca conversations and have noted a number of somewhat surprising characteristics, including:
• Increasing of redundancy by adding prepositions (We have to study about... and Can we discuss about...?).
• Large use of certain verbs of high semantic generality, such as do, have, make, put, take.
• Pluralisation of nouns which are considered uncountable in native-speaker English (advices, staffs).
The evidence suggests that non-native speakers are not conforming to a native English standard. Indeed they seem to get along perfectly well despite the fact that they miss things out and put things in which they ‘should not do’. Not only this, but they are actually better at ‘accommodating’ than native speakers are when talking to second language speakers.
(Jeremy Harmer. The practice of English language teaching. Adaptado)
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
By the end of the twentieth century English was already well on its way to becoming a genuine lingua franca. Just as in the Middle Ages Latin became for a time a language of international communication, so English is now commonly used in exchanges between, say, Japanese and Argentinian business people or between Singaporeans and their Vietnamese counterparts.
A number of researchers have studied lingua franca conversations and have noted a number of somewhat surprising characteristics, including:
• Increasing of redundancy by adding prepositions (We have to study about... and Can we discuss about...?).
• Large use of certain verbs of high semantic generality, such as do, have, make, put, take.
• Pluralisation of nouns which are considered uncountable in native-speaker English (advices, staffs).
The evidence suggests that non-native speakers are not conforming to a native English standard. Indeed they seem to get along perfectly well despite the fact that they miss things out and put things in which they ‘should not do’. Not only this, but they are actually better at ‘accommodating’ than native speakers are when talking to second language speakers.
(Jeremy Harmer. The practice of English language teaching. Adaptado)
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