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Q2280189 Química
As energias de ligação do H2, do Cl2 e do HCl nas condições padrão e a 25 °C, em kJ mol-1, são 434, 243 e 431, respectivamente. Com base nessas informações, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a entalpia padrão de formação do HCl, em kJ mol-1.  
Alternativas
Q2280182 Química
Considere as seguintes afirmações sobre misturas e processos de separação. I. Misturas azeotrópicas são separadas por destilação simples.
II. Os elementos constituintes de ligas metálicas, como o bronze, podem ser separados por fusão.

III. A filtração a pressão reduzida, usando um funil de Büchner, é um processo utilizado para reduzir o tempo de separação de um sólido suspenso em um líquido.
IV. A temperatura aumenta continuamente no aquecimento de uma mistura simples, mesmo durante a fusão e a ebulição. Assinale a opção que contém a(s) afirmação(ões) CORRETA(S).  
Alternativas
Q2280181 Química

As afirmações a seguir relacionam processos físico-químicos que podem ser interpretados utilizando diferentes modelos atômicos e representados por meio de uma equação química. I. O modelo de Bohr contém o arcabouço teórico minimamente necessário para representar uma equação do tipo: y + H(g) ➝ H*(g), em que H* representa o estado eletrônico excitado do H.
II. O modelo de Dalton contém o arcabouço teórico minimamente necessário para representar uma equação do tipo: 12 Fe(s)+ C(s) → Fe12C(s).
III. O modelo de Rutherford contém o arcabouço teórico minimamente necessário para representar uma equação do tipo: 24He2+ + Au → 24He2+ + Au.
IV. O modelo de Thomson contém o arcabouço teórico minimamente necessário para representar uma equação do tipo: 2H+ + 2e- ⇋ H2

Assinale a opção que contém a(s) afirmação(ões) CORRETA(S) sobre a relação entre os modelos atômicos e as equações químicas mostradas.

Alternativas
Q2280168 Matemática
Determine o valor de
Imagem associada para resolução da questão


Alternativas
Q2280167 Matemática

Sejam A; B; C; D ∈ Mn(R). Considere o sistema linear


Imagem associada para resolução da questão


nas variáveis X; Y ∈ Mn(R). Considere as afirmações:


I. Se det A = 0 ou det D = 0, então o sistema é impossível.

II. Se A = B, então o sistema possui uma única solução.

III. O sistema possui uma única solução apenas se A e D são inversíveis.


É (São) VERDADEIRA(S):

Alternativas
Q2280164 Inglês

Leia o texto a seguir para responder a questão  

On the surface, there is little to distinguish the Woolf Social Club from any other hipster hangout in Seoul, South Korea. Customers perch on wooden stools at formica tables, tapping on laptops while they sip their coffee. Records and cds line the walls, soft jazz trickles from speakers. On the white wall above the bar, in big black letters, is the statement: “More dignity, less bullshit”.

It is only on closer inspection that you realise this is more than just another coffee shop. On the mugs are cartoon drawings of Virginia Woolf, an angry wolf roaring from her shirt. A bookshelf contains South Korean feminist novels and works of self-help (titles include “Lessons on Being Unmarried”) alongside “The Second Sex” by Simone de Beauvoir and “The Handmaid’s Tale” by Margaret Atwood. On the wall is a poster for an exhibition of feminist art at a nearby gallery.

“I wanted a space for like-minded women to meet and talk,” says Kim Jina, a 47-year-old former advertising executive and politician who founded the café six years ago. Kim was inspired by Woolf’s dictum that in order to write fiction, a woman needed “five hundred [pounds] a year and a room with a lock on the door”. That is, financial independence and a place to think. The café’s casual vibe is deliberate: she wanted to avoid creating barriers to entry for women who were merely curious, rather than fully committed to the movement. Besides, she adds, “If I limited myself to feminist customers, I could never make a living.” 

South Korea, even its trendy capital, is a difficult place to be a woman. The wage gap between the sexes is the highest in the rich world. Traditional expectations about gender roles, beauty standards and the way women should conduct themselves remain pervasive. “Misogyny surrounds you so naturally that you barely even notice it,” says Kim. “I had no role models, so my idea of how a successful woman should be came straight from ‘Sex and the City’.” For much of her 20s and 30s, she spent most of her money on make-up and expensive handbags, partying every weekend and dreaming about meeting her version of Mr Big, the rich, smooth-talking love interest of the show’s main character, Carrie.

“I never worried about misogyny because I thought being sexually attractive was a form of power,” says Kim. “But eventually I realised that men with real power don’t wear make-up and expensive dresses.” Her epiphany came when she was passed over for promotion in favour of a male colleague. “My boss said, ‘He needs it more than you because he has a wife and a child to take care of,’ and I realised that I had been wrong to think that all I needed to do was work hard and be good at my job.” 

Kim’s burgeoning feminism crystallised in the summer of 2016, after a woman was murdered in a public toilet in an upmarket part of Seoul. The killer initially claimed that he had done it because he had been ignored by women. “I lived right around the corner, and I thought: that could have been me,” says Kim. Like many other women, she was upset by media coverage that ignored the misogynist motives for his crime and blamed it entirely on his mental-health problems.

The murder prompted South Korean women to come together, initially in online communities, and discuss how to fight back against sexism. Then they took to the streets. In 2018 there was a series of protests against the widespread practice of recording illegal footage of women by hiding small cameras in public toilets or changing rooms.

Kim founded the Woolf Social Club in 2017. “I thought, we talk to each other on the internet, but it would be good to have a physical space in which to do that,” she says. “If you walk around Seoul, you see all these cafés aimed at couples, where women look pretty and lower their voices. I wanted a space where they could raise them.”

[Fonte: Lena Schipper. “Virginia Woolf is inspiring South Korean feminists”. In: The Economist, 09/05/2022,<http://www.economist.com/1843/2022/05/09/virginia-woolf-is-inspiring-south-korean-feminists>. Adaptado. Data de acesso: 27/08/2023.]


Dentre as razões expostas no texto sobre as dificuldades encontradas pelas mulheres coreanas, são corretas as afirmações, EXCETO: 
Alternativas
Q2280163 Inglês

Leia o texto a seguir para responder a questão  

On the surface, there is little to distinguish the Woolf Social Club from any other hipster hangout in Seoul, South Korea. Customers perch on wooden stools at formica tables, tapping on laptops while they sip their coffee. Records and cds line the walls, soft jazz trickles from speakers. On the white wall above the bar, in big black letters, is the statement: “More dignity, less bullshit”.

It is only on closer inspection that you realise this is more than just another coffee shop. On the mugs are cartoon drawings of Virginia Woolf, an angry wolf roaring from her shirt. A bookshelf contains South Korean feminist novels and works of self-help (titles include “Lessons on Being Unmarried”) alongside “The Second Sex” by Simone de Beauvoir and “The Handmaid’s Tale” by Margaret Atwood. On the wall is a poster for an exhibition of feminist art at a nearby gallery.

“I wanted a space for like-minded women to meet and talk,” says Kim Jina, a 47-year-old former advertising executive and politician who founded the café six years ago. Kim was inspired by Woolf’s dictum that in order to write fiction, a woman needed “five hundred [pounds] a year and a room with a lock on the door”. That is, financial independence and a place to think. The café’s casual vibe is deliberate: she wanted to avoid creating barriers to entry for women who were merely curious, rather than fully committed to the movement. Besides, she adds, “If I limited myself to feminist customers, I could never make a living.” 

South Korea, even its trendy capital, is a difficult place to be a woman. The wage gap between the sexes is the highest in the rich world. Traditional expectations about gender roles, beauty standards and the way women should conduct themselves remain pervasive. “Misogyny surrounds you so naturally that you barely even notice it,” says Kim. “I had no role models, so my idea of how a successful woman should be came straight from ‘Sex and the City’.” For much of her 20s and 30s, she spent most of her money on make-up and expensive handbags, partying every weekend and dreaming about meeting her version of Mr Big, the rich, smooth-talking love interest of the show’s main character, Carrie.

“I never worried about misogyny because I thought being sexually attractive was a form of power,” says Kim. “But eventually I realised that men with real power don’t wear make-up and expensive dresses.” Her epiphany came when she was passed over for promotion in favour of a male colleague. “My boss said, ‘He needs it more than you because he has a wife and a child to take care of,’ and I realised that I had been wrong to think that all I needed to do was work hard and be good at my job.” 

Kim’s burgeoning feminism crystallised in the summer of 2016, after a woman was murdered in a public toilet in an upmarket part of Seoul. The killer initially claimed that he had done it because he had been ignored by women. “I lived right around the corner, and I thought: that could have been me,” says Kim. Like many other women, she was upset by media coverage that ignored the misogynist motives for his crime and blamed it entirely on his mental-health problems.

The murder prompted South Korean women to come together, initially in online communities, and discuss how to fight back against sexism. Then they took to the streets. In 2018 there was a series of protests against the widespread practice of recording illegal footage of women by hiding small cameras in public toilets or changing rooms.

Kim founded the Woolf Social Club in 2017. “I thought, we talk to each other on the internet, but it would be good to have a physical space in which to do that,” she says. “If you walk around Seoul, you see all these cafés aimed at couples, where women look pretty and lower their voices. I wanted a space where they could raise them.”

[Fonte: Lena Schipper. “Virginia Woolf is inspiring South Korean feminists”. In: The Economist, 09/05/2022,<http://www.economist.com/1843/2022/05/09/virginia-woolf-is-inspiring-south-korean-feminists>. Adaptado. Data de acesso: 27/08/2023.]


In the excerpt from the third paragraph “I wanted a space for like-minded women to meet and talk,” the underlined term expresses an idea of:
Alternativas
Q2280157 Inglês
Leia o texto a seguir para responder a questão. 

Read Your Way Through Salvador 

By Itamar Vieira Junior and translated by Johnny Lorenz. July 19, 2023.

I was born in Salvador, in the Brazilian state of Bahia, and lived in the general vicinity until I reached the age of 15. But it was when I left that I really came to know my city. How was I able to discover more about my birthplace while traveling far from home? It might sound rather clichéd but, I assure you, literature made this possible: It took me on a journey, long and profound, back home, enveloping me in words and imagination. 

To understand the formation of our unique society and, consequently, the cityscape of Salvador, one should read, before anything else, “The Story of Rufino: Slavery, Freedom and Islam in the Black Atlantic,” by João José Reis, Flávio dos Santos Gomes and Marcus J.M. de Carvalho. Rufino was an alufá, or Muslim spiritual leader, born in the Oyo empire in present-day Nigeria and enslaved during his adolescence. “The Story of Rufino” is an epic tale, encapsulating the life of one man in search of freedom as well as the history of the development of Salvador itself, a place inextricably linked with the diaspora across the Black Atlantic. Another book for which I have deep affection is “The City of Women,” by the American anthropologist Ruth Landes. It offers an intriguing perspective, focusing on matriarchal power in candomblé, an Afro-Brazilian sacred practice, and revealing how the social organization of its spiritual communities reverberates across the city.

If you want to feel the intensity of life on the streets of Salvador, these two books, both by Amado, are indispensable: “Captains of the Sands” and “Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands.” The first is a coming-of-age story in which we follow a group of children and adolescents living on the streets and on the beaches around the Bay of All Saints. Written more than 80 years ago, the book was banned and even burned in the public square during the dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas in the first half of the 20th century. As a portrait of Salvador, it is still relevant and reveals our deep inequalities. “Dona Flor and her Two Husbands” is one of Amado’s most popular novels, translated into more than 30 languages and adapted many times for theater, cinema, and television. The book is a kind of manifesto for a woman’s liberation. Dona Flor possesses great culinary talent, and oppressed by a patriarchal society, finds herself divided between two men, one being her deceased husband. While the novel captures the daily life of the city in the 1940s, it is also a wonderful guide to the cuisine of Salvador, with its African and Portuguese influences.

I invite readers to travel into the interior of Bahia, many hours by car from Salvador to the region known as the Sertão, whose name translates loosely to “backwoods.” Two books can also transport you there, and they are sides of the same story: “Backlands: The Canudos Campaign,” by Euclides da Cunha, and “The War of the End of the World,” by Mario Vargas Llosa. 

“Backlands” is one of the most important works in the history of Brazilian literature. It is a journalistic telling that introduces us not only to the brutal War of Canudos, but also to the intriguing landscape of the Sertão, a place so full of contradictions. In his writing of the conflict, da Cunha tells the story of the genesis of the tough sertanejo: a mythic, cowboyesque figure of the drought-stricken, lawless interior. “The War of the End of the World” is an essential epic that amplifies the narrative of “Backlands,” bringing a more imaginative, creative aspect to the story of Antônio Conselheiro, the spiritual leader of a rebellion, and of the multitude that followed him to their deaths.

[Fonte: “Read Your Way Through Salvador”. In: The New York Times, 19/07/2023,<http://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/19/books/salvador-bahia-brazil-books.html> . Adaptado. Data de acesso: 01/09/2023.]
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “As a portrait of Salvador, it is still relevant and reveals our deep inequalities”, o termo sublinhado contém um prefixo de negação. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o termo que NÃO contém prefixo de negação.
Alternativas
Q2280153 Literatura
A respeito de Tuninho, personagem de A falecida, é possível afirmar que: 
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Q2280152 Literatura

A respeito de Zulmira, protagonista de A falecida, é possível afirmar que: I. seu apego ao racional e ao mundo real a faz tomar consciência de sua situação precária e marginalidade social.
II. trai seu marido, Tuninho, porque ela achava que ele a considerava suja e fria.
III. seu escapismo é fruto de sua insatisfação com a própria precariedade em que vive.
IV. sua obsessão pela morte e por um enterro luxuoso é uma forma de negar sua realidade depauperada. 
Alternativas
Q2280151 Literatura
A exemplo da peça A falecida, são elementos que atestam a modernidade do teatro de Nelson Rodrigues: 
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Q2280150 Literatura
Na peça A falecida, Nelson Rodrigues mergulha na realidade social do Rio de Janeiro da década de 1950. Sinal disso  
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Q2280149 Literatura
Tendo em vista o romance O avesso da pele, avalie as asserções de I a IV e, em seguida, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.  I. Juliana e Martha, assim como Henrique, lidam com o racismo de modo consciente e combativo, sem jamais deixar de perder a ternura.
II. A tomada de consciência em relação ao racismo é um processo que acontece de maneira semelhante para Henrique e Martha, às vezes com culpa, às vezes com júbilo.
III. Martha, apesar de sofrer as consequências do racismo e do machismo, não se sente uma vítima e, por isso, não assume uma postura combativa contra isso.
IV. No romance, um processo que afeta todas as personagens, mas de maneiras diferentes e nem sempre no mesmo grau, é a conscientização sobre o racismo.
Alternativas
Q2280148 Literatura
Leia abaixo os excertos 1 e 2 e, em seguida, as asserções I, II e III. Por fim, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.   1. “Não ousou endireitar-se mais porque sabia que apenas deveria largar o trabalho quando ouvisse a ordem traduzida num berro.” (“Dina”, Luís Bernardo Honwana).
2. “Então, no início da rua, você viu uma viatura com sirenes tocando, e àquela altura da sua vida, aos catorze anos, você já havia aprendido que aquela visão era um problema, não que você tivesse consciência de que a polícia te abordava porque você era negro, mas sua experiência já te dizia para se manter longe das viaturas.” (O avesso da pele, Jeferson Tenório).
I. Em Moçambique ou no Brasil, no passado ou no presente, a população negra, jovem ou idosa, deve se portar de determinada maneira a fim de “minimizar” os efeitos do racismo e da dominação.
II. Em Moçambique ou no Brasil, no passado ou no presente, o racismo e a submissão social acontecem a despeito do comportamento da população negra.
III. Mulheres negras que se submetem às violentas imposições dos dominadores racistas são poupadas e acabam por ter alguns privilégios.
Alternativas
Q2280147 Literatura
Tema predominante ao longo de O avesso da pele, a tomada de consciência sobre a negritude pode ser verificada em todos os trechos seguintes, EXCETO EM:  
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Q2280146 Literatura
A respeito do romance O avesso da pele, de Jeferson Tenório, assinale a alternativa CORRETA. 
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Q2280145 Literatura
No conto “Dina”, de Luís Bernardo Honwana, o capataz, ao descobrir que Maria é filha de Madala, desespera-se e oferece ao ancião a tarde de folga para que ele possa conversar com a moça. Tal passagem sugere que: 
Alternativas
Q2280144 Literatura
Leia abaixo o excerto do conto “A velhota”, de Luís Bernardo Honwana. Em seguida, assinale a alternativa INCORRETA.
“Não, eu não contaria. Não fora para isso que viera para casa. Além disso, não seria eu a destruir neles fosse o que fosse. A seu tempo alguém se encarregaria de os pôr na raiva. Não, eu não contaria.”  
Alternativas
Q2280143 Literatura
A respeito de Nós matamos o cão tinhoso, de Luís Bernardo Honwana, assinale a alternativa CORRETA.  
Alternativas
Q2280142 Literatura
A respeito do livro Nós matamos o cão tinhoso, de Luís Bernardo Honwana, assinale a alternativa INCORRETA.
Alternativas
Respostas
1: B
2: D
3: E
4: A
5: E
6: A
7: C
8: C
9: C
10: D
11: D
12: D
13: C
14: D
15: B
16: B
17: B
18: D
19: D
20: E