Questões de Concurso Comentadas sobre vocabulário | vocabulary em inglês

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Q2392984
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary , Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects , Pronúncia e Som | Pronunciation and Sound ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: FUNCERN Órgão: Prefeitura de Guamaré - RN Prova: FUNCERN - 2024 - Prefeitura de Guamaré - RN - Professor Magistério Fundamental - Anos Finais e EJA - Inglês |
Q2392984 Inglês
Check the alternative that corresponds to the correct phonemic transcription of the final –ed sounds of the sequence of regular verbs presented below:


Corrected – worked – seemed – studied
Alternativas
Q2392983
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary , Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects , Pronúncia e Som | Pronunciation and Sound ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: FUNCERN Órgão: Prefeitura de Guamaré - RN Prova: FUNCERN - 2024 - Prefeitura de Guamaré - RN - Professor Magistério Fundamental - Anos Finais e EJA - Inglês |
Q2392983 Inglês
Check the alternative that corresponds to the phonemic transcription of the words below.

Sheep –ship – Cheap – Chip
Alternativas
Q2389805
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: ANAC Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - ANAC - Especialista em Regulação de Aviação Civil - Área 1 | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - ANAC - Especialista em Regulação de Aviação Civil - Área 2 | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - ANAC - Especialista em Regulação de Aviação Civil - Área 3 |
Q2389805 Inglês

        Drones are an integral part of the defense and supply-chain industry. However, their prowess and versatility extend beyond these sectors. As the demand for UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) continues to increase, the drone market is now estimated to be valued at over 127 billion dollars.


        These uncrewed aircrafts can potentially develop numerous sectors, including transport and travel, exponentially. This is primarily due to their remarkable evolution of collision-avoidance technologies through computer vision and artificial intelligence, allowing them to operate autonomously.


        The dynamic innovation of drone transportation can positively impact emergency services by decreasing emergency response time, offering valuable data from inaccessible regions, and identifying victims via thermal imaging.


Though the concept of a UAV emerges from being “unmanned,” its autonomous power can be used to create functional, personal transportation. Well-known companies like Uber, Airbus, and Boeing are constantly working on developing self-flying drones that can take people from one place to another. 


        In conclusion, drone transportation has a lot of untapped potential beyond supply chain and security surveillance. Whether it is for emergencies, luxury, or space exploration, the future is optimistic for the travel industry.


Internet: <www.skygrid.com> (adapted).




Based on the previous text, judge the following item. 


In the context of drones, as presented in the text, the words “uncrewed” (first sentence of the second paragraph) and ‘unmanned’ (first sentence of the fourth paragraph) convey the same idea. 

Alternativas
Q2379793
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Darwin Órgão: Prefeitura de Lagoa de Itaenga - PE Prova: Instituto Darwin - 2023 - Prefeitura de Lagoa de Itaenga - PE - Professor(a) Anos Finais - 6° ao 9° Ano: Língua Inglesa |
Q2379793 Inglês
“In this modern era, several people travel for work, studies, or leisure. When visiting new places, they often come in contact with unique and different environments.”

What is the English word used for referring to an area where residential housing predominates, for example, where families tend to live together?
Alternativas
Q2379789
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary , Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Darwin Órgão: Prefeitura de Lagoa de Itaenga - PE Prova: Instituto Darwin - 2023 - Prefeitura de Lagoa de Itaenga - PE - Professor(a) Anos Finais - 6° ao 9° Ano: Língua Inglesa |
Q2379789 Inglês
Teacher asked the following taks to students:

“Imagining that you are a web journalist, your job is to create interesting and engaging news articles about various topics for your online readers. You have been tasked with writing a news article about a recent technological discovery that has the potential to change everyday life.”

In order to create an effective and enticing article for a target audience, which of the following aspects should your students prioritize in their writing?
Alternativas
Q2379788
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: Instituto Darwin Órgão: Prefeitura de Lagoa de Itaenga - PE Prova: Instituto Darwin - 2023 - Prefeitura de Lagoa de Itaenga - PE - Professor(a) Anos Finais - 6° ao 9° Ano: Língua Inglesa |
Q2379788 Inglês
Based on the excerpt from Virginia Woolf's 'To the Lighthouse': '“So she looked over her shoulder, at the town. The lights were rippling and running as if they were drops of silver water held firm in a wind. And all the poverty, all the suffering had turned to that, Mrs. Ramsay thought. To the Lighthouse, she said to herself, raising her hand as if to let the bird fly free.' In the context of this passage, what does the term 'lighthouse' metaphorically represent in terms of the English vocabulary for objects and parts of the house?
Alternativas
Q2372105
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Alagoa Nova - PB Prova: CPCON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Alagoa Nova - PB - Professor B - Língua Inglesa |
Q2372105 Inglês
READ TEXT 4 FOR THE QUESTION:


“(…) Black English (African American Vernacular –AAV), has a distinctive use of be as a main verb, expressing iteration rather than instantaneous or constant states. Although the Standard English phrases will be and would be can have a meaning similar to Black English be, phonological deletion of these modals cannot account for all occurrences of be in Black English. It is argued that the best analysis is one which recognizes only one verb to be, which can occur without tense.”


 (Available at: https://www.jstor.org/stable/412334)
Which one of the following options best describes teaching social and cultural variation in the English Language?
Alternativas
Q2372094
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2023 Banca: CPCON Órgão: Prefeitura de Alagoa Nova - PB Prova: CPCON - 2023 - Prefeitura de Alagoa Nova - PB - Professor B - Língua Inglesa |
Q2372094 Inglês
READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT TO ANSWER THE QUESTION.


TEXT 2


“Children learn, on average, ten to fifteen new word meanings each day, but only one of these words can be accounted for by direct instruction. The other nine to fourteen word meanings need to be picked up in some other way. It has been proposed that children picked up acquire these meanings with the use of processes modeled by latent semantic analysis; that is, when they meet an unfamiliar word, unfamiliar children can use information in its context to correctly guess its rough area of meaning. A child may expand the meaning and use of certain words that are already part of its mental lexicon in order to denominate anything that is somehow related but for which it does not know the specific words yet. For instance, a child may broaden the use of mummy and dada in order to indicate anything that mummy dada belongs to its mother or father, or perhaps every person who resembles its own parents, or say rain while meaning I don't want to go out.”


(Adapted from: Language Acquisition https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/35237)
What does this passage mainly discuss? 
Alternativas
Q2370837
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: INPI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A3 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Contabilidade Ou Ciências Contábeis | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A4 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Economia Ou Ciências Econômicas | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A1 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Administração | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A2 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Direito | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A5 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Engenharia Civil | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A6 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Engenharia Elétrica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A7 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Arquitetura | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Analista De Planejamento, Gestão E Infraestrutura Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: A8 – Gestão E Suporte – Formação: Psicologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Pesquisador Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: P2- Bioquímica / Imunologia / Biologia Celular E Molecular / Biotecnologia / Microbiologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Pesquisador Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: P1 - Biologia Celular E Molecular / Bioquímica / Biotecnologia / Enzimologia / Microbiologia / Imunologia / Bioinformática | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Pesquisador Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: P5 – Instrumentos E Processos De Medição De Grandezas Físicas, Químicas E Biomédicas/Sensores E Biosensores/Aparelhos De Diagnóstico E Terapia/Biomecânica | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Tecnologista em propriedade industrial – área: t1 – formação: qualquer área de formação. | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Pesquisador Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: P3 - Redes De Comunicação Sem Fio / Sistemas De Comunicações Móveis / Sistemas E Redes De Comunicação Digital / Protocolos De Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - INPI - Pesquisador Em Propriedade Industrial – Área: P4 – Processamento De Sinais/Processamento De Dados De Imagem, Áudio Ou Voz/Codificação, Compressão E Decodificação De Imagem, Áudio E Voz/Reconhecimento De Padrões |
Q2370837 Inglês

        Using your phone while on the toilet poses significant health risks, as warned by an expert, Dr. Sethi. Despite being a common habit, mindlessly scrolling or using your phone in the bathroom can lead to severe consequences. Dr. Sethi, a Harvard-trained stomach doctor, highlights that this practice, particularly during bowel movements, causes extended sitting that strains the rectum and anus, potentially resulting in hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and rectal prolapse.


Furthermore, using phones in the bathroom makes them a breeding ground for bacteria, surpassing the hygiene levels of a public toilet seat. Dr. Sethi emphasizes the importance of avoiding phone usage while on the toilet or, if unavoidable, suggests disinfecting the phone afterward. Research spanning over a decade has consistently shown that phones harbor a significant amount of germs, including fecal matter.


Despite these health warnings, over 65% of adults take their phones into the bathroom, with Spain having the highest usage rates (nearly 80%) and Germany the lowest (just under 55%). Interestingly, younger age groups, particularly those aged 26-41 and 18-25, are most likely to engage in this unhygienic behavior. Apart from health concerns, there’s the practical risk of dropping the phone into the toilet, with a fifth of respondents in the United States admitting to this mishap.


Internet: <www.mirror.co.uk> (adapted). 

Based on the previous text, judge the following item. 


The expression “Apart from” (last sentence of the text) can be correctly replaced by Except for, without changing the original meaning. 

Alternativas
Q2367208
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Prefeitura de Joinville - SC Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Joinville - SC - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q2367208 Inglês
Text 9A2-II


     As I was driving, the snow had started falling in earnest. The light was flat, although it was midmorning, making it almost impossible to distinguish the highway. I turned on the radio to help me concentrate on the road ahead; the announcer was talking about the snow. “The state Highway department advises motorists to use extreme caution and to drive with their headlights on to ensure maximum visibility.” He went on. “The state highway supervisor just called to say that one of the plows almost hit a car because the person driving hadn’t turned on his ligths.” I checked, almost reflexively, to be sure that my headlights were on.

      How can information serve those who hear or read it in making sense of their own worlds? How can it enable them to reason about what they do and to take appropriate actions based on that reasoning? My experience with the radio illustrates two different ways of providing the same message: the need to use your headlights when you drive in heavy snow. The first offers dispassionate information; the second tells the same content in a personal, compelling story. The first disguises its point of view; the second explicitly grounds the general information in a particular time and place. Each means of giving information has its role, but I believe the second is ultimately more useful in helping people make sense of what they are doing. When I heard the story about the plow, I made sure my headlights were on.

      In what is written about teaching, it is rare to find accounts in which the author’s experience and point of view are central. A point of view is not simply an opinion; neither is it a whimsical or impressionistic claim. Rather, a point of view lays out what the author thinks and why. The problem is that much of what is available in professional development in languageteacher education concentrates on telling rather than on point of view. The telling is prescriptive, like the radio announcer’s first statement. It emphasizes what is important to know and do, what is current in theory and research, and therefore what you — as a practicing teacher — should do. But this telling disguises the teller; it hides the point of view that can enable you to make sense of what is told.


Donald Freeman. Series Editor’s preface. In: P. R. Moran. Teaching culture: perspectives in practice. Boston (MA): Heinle, 2001 (adapted). 
In relation to the vocabulary and grammatical features of text 9A2-II, choose the correct option.
Alternativas
Q2367201
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Prefeitura de Joinville - SC Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Joinville - SC - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q2367201 Inglês
Text 9A1


        Research into how multilingual people juggle more than one language in their minds is complex and sometimes counterintuitive. It turns out that when a multilingual person wants to speak, the languages they know can be active at the same time, even if only one gets used. These languages can interfere with each other, for example intruding into speech just when you do not expect them. And interference can manifest itself not just in vocabulary slip-ups, but even on the level of grammar or accent. “From research we know that whenever a bilingual or multilingual is speaking, both languages or all the languages that they know are activated,” says Mathieu Declerck, a senior research fellow at the Vrije Universiteit in Brussels. “For example, when you want to say ‘dog’ as a French-English bilingual, not just ‘dog’ is activated, but also its translation equivalent, so ‘chien’ is also activated.” As such, the speaker needs to have some sort of language control process. If you think about it, the ability of bilingual and multilingual speakers to separate the languages they have learned is remarkable. How they do this is commonly explained through the concept of inhibition — a suppression of the non-relevant languages. However, when this control system fails, intrusions and lapses can occur. For example, insufficient inhibition of a language can cause it to “pop up” and intrude when you are meant to be speaking in a different one.

        Tamar Gollan, a professor of psychiatry at the University of California San Diego, has been studying language control in bilinguals for years. Her research has often led to counterintuitive findings. She explains that when mixing languages, multilinguals are navigating a sort of balancing act, inhibiting the stronger language to even things out — and sometimes, they go too far in the wrong direction. “When bilinguals are mixing languages, it seems like they inhibit the dominant language so much that they actually are slower to speak in certain contexts. I think the best analogy is: imagine you suddenly become better at writing in your non-dominant hand. We have been calling this reversed dominance.” Reversed dominance effects can be particularly evident when bilinguals switch between languages in a single conversation, says Gollan.

          Navigating such interference could perhaps be part of what makes it hard for an adult to learn a new language, especially if they have grown up monolingual. One thing that might help is immersing yourself in the environment of the foreign language. “You are creating a context in which you are strongly holding back this other language, so that gives room for the other (new) language to become stronger,” says Matt Goldrick, a professor of linguistics at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. “When you return from that immersion experience, hopefully you can better manage that competition,” he adds. “That competition will never go away, you just get better at managing it.”

           Managing competition is certainly something that multilinguals do tend to have a lot of practice in. Many researchers argue that this brings them certain cognitive advantages — although it is worth noting that the jury’s still out on this, with others saying their own research does not show reliable evidence for a bilingual cognitive advantage. In any case, using languages is arguably one of the most complex activities humans learn how to do. And having to manage multiple languages has been linked to cognitive benefits in many studies, depending on task and age. Some studies have shown bilinguals perform better, for example, in activities when participants have to focus on counterintuitive information. Speaking multiple languages has also been linked to delayed onset of dementia symptoms. And of course, multilingualism brings many obvious benefits beyond the brain, not least the social benefit of being able to speak to many people.


Internet: http://www.bbc.com/ (adapted).
The word “arguably”, in the excerpt “using languages is arguably one of the most complex activities humans learn how to do”, (last paragraph of text 9A1) could be correctly replaced, maintaining the original meaning and correctness, with
Alternativas
Q2367200
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Prefeitura de Joinville - SC Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Joinville - SC - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q2367200 Inglês
Text 9A1


        Research into how multilingual people juggle more than one language in their minds is complex and sometimes counterintuitive. It turns out that when a multilingual person wants to speak, the languages they know can be active at the same time, even if only one gets used. These languages can interfere with each other, for example intruding into speech just when you do not expect them. And interference can manifest itself not just in vocabulary slip-ups, but even on the level of grammar or accent. “From research we know that whenever a bilingual or multilingual is speaking, both languages or all the languages that they know are activated,” says Mathieu Declerck, a senior research fellow at the Vrije Universiteit in Brussels. “For example, when you want to say ‘dog’ as a French-English bilingual, not just ‘dog’ is activated, but also its translation equivalent, so ‘chien’ is also activated.” As such, the speaker needs to have some sort of language control process. If you think about it, the ability of bilingual and multilingual speakers to separate the languages they have learned is remarkable. How they do this is commonly explained through the concept of inhibition — a suppression of the non-relevant languages. However, when this control system fails, intrusions and lapses can occur. For example, insufficient inhibition of a language can cause it to “pop up” and intrude when you are meant to be speaking in a different one.

        Tamar Gollan, a professor of psychiatry at the University of California San Diego, has been studying language control in bilinguals for years. Her research has often led to counterintuitive findings. She explains that when mixing languages, multilinguals are navigating a sort of balancing act, inhibiting the stronger language to even things out — and sometimes, they go too far in the wrong direction. “When bilinguals are mixing languages, it seems like they inhibit the dominant language so much that they actually are slower to speak in certain contexts. I think the best analogy is: imagine you suddenly become better at writing in your non-dominant hand. We have been calling this reversed dominance.” Reversed dominance effects can be particularly evident when bilinguals switch between languages in a single conversation, says Gollan.

          Navigating such interference could perhaps be part of what makes it hard for an adult to learn a new language, especially if they have grown up monolingual. One thing that might help is immersing yourself in the environment of the foreign language. “You are creating a context in which you are strongly holding back this other language, so that gives room for the other (new) language to become stronger,” says Matt Goldrick, a professor of linguistics at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. “When you return from that immersion experience, hopefully you can better manage that competition,” he adds. “That competition will never go away, you just get better at managing it.”

           Managing competition is certainly something that multilinguals do tend to have a lot of practice in. Many researchers argue that this brings them certain cognitive advantages — although it is worth noting that the jury’s still out on this, with others saying their own research does not show reliable evidence for a bilingual cognitive advantage. In any case, using languages is arguably one of the most complex activities humans learn how to do. And having to manage multiple languages has been linked to cognitive benefits in many studies, depending on task and age. Some studies have shown bilinguals perform better, for example, in activities when participants have to focus on counterintuitive information. Speaking multiple languages has also been linked to delayed onset of dementia symptoms. And of course, multilingualism brings many obvious benefits beyond the brain, not least the social benefit of being able to speak to many people.


Internet: http://www.bbc.com/ (adapted).
The expression “the jury’s still out on this” (second sentence of the last paragraph of text 9A1) means
Alternativas
Q2367198
Inglês Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: Prefeitura de Joinville - SC Prova: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - Prefeitura de Joinville - SC - Professor de Língua Inglesa |
Q2367198 Inglês
Text 9A1


        Research into how multilingual people juggle more than one language in their minds is complex and sometimes counterintuitive. It turns out that when a multilingual person wants to speak, the languages they know can be active at the same time, even if only one gets used. These languages can interfere with each other, for example intruding into speech just when you do not expect them. And interference can manifest itself not just in vocabulary slip-ups, but even on the level of grammar or accent. “From research we know that whenever a bilingual or multilingual is speaking, both languages or all the languages that they know are activated,” says Mathieu Declerck, a senior research fellow at the Vrije Universiteit in Brussels. “For example, when you want to say ‘dog’ as a French-English bilingual, not just ‘dog’ is activated, but also its translation equivalent, so ‘chien’ is also activated.” As such, the speaker needs to have some sort of language control process. If you think about it, the ability of bilingual and multilingual speakers to separate the languages they have learned is remarkable. How they do this is commonly explained through the concept of inhibition — a suppression of the non-relevant languages. However, when this control system fails, intrusions and lapses can occur. For example, insufficient inhibition of a language can cause it to “pop up” and intrude when you are meant to be speaking in a different one.

        Tamar Gollan, a professor of psychiatry at the University of California San Diego, has been studying language control in bilinguals for years. Her research has often led to counterintuitive findings. She explains that when mixing languages, multilinguals are navigating a sort of balancing act, inhibiting the stronger language to even things out — and sometimes, they go too far in the wrong direction. “When bilinguals are mixing languages, it seems like they inhibit the dominant language so much that they actually are slower to speak in certain contexts. I think the best analogy is: imagine you suddenly become better at writing in your non-dominant hand. We have been calling this reversed dominance.” Reversed dominance effects can be particularly evident when bilinguals switch between languages in a single conversation, says Gollan.

          Navigating such interference could perhaps be part of what makes it hard for an adult to learn a new language, especially if they have grown up monolingual. One thing that might help is immersing yourself in the environment of the foreign language. “You are creating a context in which you are strongly holding back this other language, so that gives room for the other (new) language to become stronger,” says Matt Goldrick, a professor of linguistics at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. “When you return from that immersion experience, hopefully you can better manage that competition,” he adds. “That competition will never go away, you just get better at managing it.”

           Managing competition is certainly something that multilinguals do tend to have a lot of practice in. Many researchers argue that this brings them certain cognitive advantages — although it is worth noting that the jury’s still out on this, with others saying their own research does not show reliable evidence for a bilingual cognitive advantage. In any case, using languages is arguably one of the most complex activities humans learn how to do. And having to manage multiple languages has been linked to cognitive benefits in many studies, depending on task and age. Some studies have shown bilinguals perform better, for example, in activities when participants have to focus on counterintuitive information. Speaking multiple languages has also been linked to delayed onset of dementia symptoms. And of course, multilingualism brings many obvious benefits beyond the brain, not least the social benefit of being able to speak to many people.


Internet: http://www.bbc.com/ (adapted).
The word “juggle”, used in the first sentence of text 9A1, means
Alternativas
Q2364350
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364350 Inglês
      There have been reports that researchers at OpenAI had made a “breakthrough” in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some media agencies report that such researchers had come up with a new way to make powerful AI systems and had created a new model, called Q. Star, that was able to perform grade-school-level math.

          Researchers have for years tried to get AI models to solve math problems. Language models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 can do some math, but not very well or reliably.

          People who worry about whether AI poses an existential risk to humans, one of OpenAI’s founding concerns, fear that such capabilities might lead to rogue AI. Safety concerns might arise if such AI systems are allowed to set their own goals and start to interface with a real physical or digital world in some ways, says Katie Collins, a PhD researcher at the University of Cambridge.

        However, while math capability might take us a step closer to more powerful AI systems, solving these sorts of math problems doesn’t signal the birth of a superintelligence.


Internet::<technologyreview.com> (adapted).

About the ideas and vocabulary of text presented above, judge the following item.



ChatGPT is a language AI model that solves math problems reliably.

Alternativas
Q2364349
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364349 Inglês
      There have been reports that researchers at OpenAI had made a “breakthrough” in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some media agencies report that such researchers had come up with a new way to make powerful AI systems and had created a new model, called Q. Star, that was able to perform grade-school-level math.

          Researchers have for years tried to get AI models to solve math problems. Language models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 can do some math, but not very well or reliably.

          People who worry about whether AI poses an existential risk to humans, one of OpenAI’s founding concerns, fear that such capabilities might lead to rogue AI. Safety concerns might arise if such AI systems are allowed to set their own goals and start to interface with a real physical or digital world in some ways, says Katie Collins, a PhD researcher at the University of Cambridge.

        However, while math capability might take us a step closer to more powerful AI systems, solving these sorts of math problems doesn’t signal the birth of a superintelligence.


Internet::<technologyreview.com> (adapted).

About the ideas and vocabulary of text presented above, judge the following item.



The word “fear” (first sentence of the third paragraph) could be replaced with are afraid, maintaining both the original meaning and the correctness of the text. 

Alternativas
Q2364348
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364348 Inglês
      There have been reports that researchers at OpenAI had made a “breakthrough” in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some media agencies report that such researchers had come up with a new way to make powerful AI systems and had created a new model, called Q. Star, that was able to perform grade-school-level math.

          Researchers have for years tried to get AI models to solve math problems. Language models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 can do some math, but not very well or reliably.

          People who worry about whether AI poses an existential risk to humans, one of OpenAI’s founding concerns, fear that such capabilities might lead to rogue AI. Safety concerns might arise if such AI systems are allowed to set their own goals and start to interface with a real physical or digital world in some ways, says Katie Collins, a PhD researcher at the University of Cambridge.

        However, while math capability might take us a step closer to more powerful AI systems, solving these sorts of math problems doesn’t signal the birth of a superintelligence.


Internet::<technologyreview.com> (adapted).

About the ideas and vocabulary of text presented above, judge the following item.



The Q. Star model is capable of performing the kind of math problems seen in elementary schools.

Alternativas
Q2364347
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364347 Inglês
      There have been reports that researchers at OpenAI had made a “breakthrough” in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some media agencies report that such researchers had come up with a new way to make powerful AI systems and had created a new model, called Q. Star, that was able to perform grade-school-level math.

          Researchers have for years tried to get AI models to solve math problems. Language models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 can do some math, but not very well or reliably.

          People who worry about whether AI poses an existential risk to humans, one of OpenAI’s founding concerns, fear that such capabilities might lead to rogue AI. Safety concerns might arise if such AI systems are allowed to set their own goals and start to interface with a real physical or digital world in some ways, says Katie Collins, a PhD researcher at the University of Cambridge.

        However, while math capability might take us a step closer to more powerful AI systems, solving these sorts of math problems doesn’t signal the birth of a superintelligence.


Internet::<technologyreview.com> (adapted).

About the ideas and vocabulary of text presented above, judge the following item.



OpenAI’s new Q. Star model now poses an existential threat to humans.

Alternativas
Q2364346
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364346 Inglês
      There have been reports that researchers at OpenAI had made a “breakthrough” in Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some media agencies report that such researchers had come up with a new way to make powerful AI systems and had created a new model, called Q. Star, that was able to perform grade-school-level math.

          Researchers have for years tried to get AI models to solve math problems. Language models like ChatGPT and GPT-4 can do some math, but not very well or reliably.

          People who worry about whether AI poses an existential risk to humans, one of OpenAI’s founding concerns, fear that such capabilities might lead to rogue AI. Safety concerns might arise if such AI systems are allowed to set their own goals and start to interface with a real physical or digital world in some ways, says Katie Collins, a PhD researcher at the University of Cambridge.

        However, while math capability might take us a step closer to more powerful AI systems, solving these sorts of math problems doesn’t signal the birth of a superintelligence.


Internet::<technologyreview.com> (adapted).

About the ideas and vocabulary of text presented above, judge the following item.



The adjective “rogue” (first sentence of the third paragraph) is being used, in the text, with the sense of dangerous, harmful. 

Alternativas
Q2364345
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364345 Inglês
      A Harvard team has realized a milestone in the quest for stable, scalable quantum computing. For the first time, the team has created a programmable, logical quantum processor, capable of encoding up to 48 logical qubits, and capable of executing hundreds of logical gate operations. Their system is the first demonstration of large-scale algorithm execution on an error-corrected quantum computer, heralding the advent of early fault-tolerant, or reliably uninterrupted, quantum computation.
Internet: <sciencedaily.com> (adapted).

Considering the information stated in the text above and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.


It would maintain the meaning and correctness of the text to replace the pronoun “Their” (last sentence of the text) with The Harvard team’s.
Alternativas
Q2364344
Inglês Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension , Vocabulário | Vocabulary ,
Ano: 2024 Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE Órgão: CTI Provas: CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Micro e Nanotecnologia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Indústria 4.0 e Governo Digital - Área de Atuação: Sistemas Ciberfísicos e Cidades Inteligentes | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura e P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Apoio à Gestão de Projetos de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Inovação e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Pesquisa e Parque Tecnológico | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Júnior - I - Especialidade: Inovação e Gestão de Infraestrutura de P&D - Área de Atuação: Desenvolvimento Tecnológico Voltado à Infraestrutura de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Manufatura Aditiva, Simulação Computacional e Processamento de Imagens Aplicados à Saúde | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Pesquisador Associado I - Especialidade: Saúde Avançada - Área de Atuação: Biossensores e Biofabricação | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Nanotecnologia e Materiais Avançados Aplicados A Fotônica ou Energia | CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2024 - CTI - Tecnologista Pleno 2 - I - Especialidade: Tecnologias Habilitadoras - Área de Atuação: Inteligência Artificial e Ciências de Dados |
Q2364344 Inglês
      A Harvard team has realized a milestone in the quest for stable, scalable quantum computing. For the first time, the team has created a programmable, logical quantum processor, capable of encoding up to 48 logical qubits, and capable of executing hundreds of logical gate operations. Their system is the first demonstration of large-scale algorithm execution on an error-corrected quantum computer, heralding the advent of early fault-tolerant, or reliably uninterrupted, quantum computation.
Internet: <sciencedaily.com> (adapted).

Considering the information stated in the text above and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item.

It can be concluded from the text that the system developed by the Harvard team is expected to continue operating in spite of possible failures.
Alternativas
Respostas
181: C
182: B
183: C
184: C
185: E
186: A
187: A
188: D
189: E
190: C
191: D
192: A
193: E
194: E
195: C
196: C
197: E
198: C
199: C
200: C
www.qconcursos.com