Based on the text above, judge the following items from 111...
Real-time
A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating system that aims at executing real-time applications. Real-time operating systems often use specialized scheduling algorithms so that they can achieve a deterministic nature of behavior. The main objective of real-time operating systems is their quick and predictable response to events. They have an event-driven or time-sharing design and often aspects of both. An event-driven system switches between tasks based on their priorities or external events while time-sharing operating systems switch tasks based on clock interrupts.
Multi-user
A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a computer system at the same time. Time-sharing systems and Internet servers can be classified as multi-user systems as they enable multiple-user access to a computer through the sharing of time. Single-user operating systems have only one user but may allow multiple programs to run at the same time.
Multi-tasking vs. single-tasking
A multi-tasking operating system allows more than one program to be running at the same time, from the point of view of human time scales. A single-tasking system has only one running program. Multi-tasking can be of two types: pre-emptive and co-operative. In pre-emptive multitasking, the operating system slices the CPU time and dedicates one slot to each of the programs. Unix-like operating systems such as Solaris and Linux support pre-emptive multitasking, as does AmigaOS. Cooperative multitasking is achieved by relying on each process to give time to the other processes in a defined manner. 16-bit versions of Microsoft Windows used cooperative multi-tasking. 32-bit versions of both Windows NT and Win9x, used pre-emptive multi-tasking. Mac OS prior to OS X used to support cooperative multitasking.
Distributed
A distributed operating system manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer. The development of networked computers that could be linked and communicate with each other gave rise to distributed computing. Distributed computations are carried out on more than one machine. When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a distributed system.
Embedded
Embedded operating systems are designed to be used in embedded computer systems. They are designed to operate on small machines like PDAs with less autonomy. They are able to operate with a limited number of resources. They are very compact and extremely efficient by design. Windows CE and Minix 3 are some examples of embedded operating systems.
Internet: http://en.wikipedia.org (adapted)
Systems that use time-sharing are not considered to be multi- user systems, since they do not allow the simultaneous access of several users to a computer.
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Vamos analisar a questão e compreender o tema abordado:
Resposta correta: E
A questão aborda os tipos de sistemas operacionais e, especificamente, se os sistemas que utilizam time-sharing podem ser considerados sistemas multi-usuário. Para resolver essa questão, é necessário entender bem os conceitos de "time-sharing" e "multi-usuário", conforme descritos no texto.
O texto explica que:
- Um sistema multi-usuário permite que múltiplos usuários acessem um sistema de computador ao mesmo tempo.
- Sistemas de time-sharing são classificados como multi-usuário porque possibilitam o acesso de múltiplos usuários a um computador através da compartilhamento de tempo.
Portanto, a afirmação de que sistemas que utilizam time-sharing não são considerados multi-usuário é incorreta, pois eles permitem o acesso simultâneo de vários usuários, justamente compartilhando o tempo de processamento.
Justificativa da alternativa correta (E):
A alternativa correta é "E" (errado), pois, conforme o texto, sistemas que utilizam time-sharing são, na verdade, considerados sistemas multi-usuário exatamente por permitir o acesso simultâneo de vários usuários à máquina, através do compartilhamento eficiente do tempo de CPU.
Análise das alternativas incorretas:
Como a alternativa "C" (certo) sugeriria que sistemas de time-sharing não permitem o acesso simultâneo de vários usuários, essa afirmação está equivocada com base na explicação do texto. Isso porque sistemas de time-sharing são projetados precisamente para isso, conforme destacado no texto.
Em resumo, entender a definição e a finalidade dos sistemas de time-sharing é crucial para responder corretamente à questão. Esses sistemas, ao permitir que múltiplos usuários acessem e utilizem o sistema simultaneamente, são, sim, considerados sistemas multi-usuário.
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Na questão: "Systems that use time-sharing are not considered to be multi- user systems, "
No texto: "Time-sharing systems and Internet servers can be classified as multi-user systems"
Resposta: Errada
e-
Time-sharing systems manage resources by use of time slices, which are apportioned according to the number of time slices a process needs to carry out through to completion. They are multiuser by design, with one centralised computer doing all the processing from requests stemming from connected terminal ends.
Texto:
"A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a computer system at the same time. Time-sharing systems and Internet servers can be classified as multi-user systems as they enable multiple-user access to a computer through the sharing of time."
Based on the text above, judge the following items from 111 through 116.
Systems that use time-sharing are not considered to be multi- user systems, since they do not allow the simultaneous access of several users to a computer.
TRADUZINDO:
Com base no texto acima, julgue os seguintes itens de 111 a 116.
Os sistemas que utilizam time-sharing não são considerados sistemas multiusuários, pois não permitem o acesso simultâneo de vários usuários a um computador.
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