The modal auxiliary in boldface conveys the idea of oblig...

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                                   Safety Meeting Presentation

  Today's meeting is really about you. I can stand in front of you and talk about working safely and what procedures to follow until I'm blue in the face. But until you understand the need for working safely, until you are willing to be responsible for your safety, it doesn't mean a whole lot.
   Some of you may be familiar with OSHA - the Occupational Safety & Health Administration. The sole purpose of this agency is to keep American workers safe. Complying with OSHA regulations isn't always easy, but if we work together, we can do it. Yet, complying with regulations is not the real reason for working safely. Our real motive is simple. We care about each and every one of you and will do what is necessary to prevent you from being injured.
   However, keeping our workplace safe takes input from everyone. Management, supervisor, and all of you have to come together on this issue, or we're in trouble. For example, upper management has to approve the purchase of safe equipment. Supervisors, including myself, have to ensure that each of you knows how to use that equipment safely. Then it's up to you to follow through the task and use the equipment as you were trained. If any one part of this chain fails, accidents are going to happen and people are going to get hurt.

Responsibility Number One - Recognize Hazards
   At the core of your safety responsibilities lies the task of recognizing safety and health hazards. In order to do that, you must first understand what constitutes a hazard. Extreme hazards are often obvious. Our hopes are that you won't find too many of those around here.
   There are, however, more subtle hazards that won't jump up and bite you. As a result of your safety training and meetings like these, some things may come to mind. For example, a machine may not be easy to lock out. Common practice may be to use a tag. This is a potential hazard and should be discussed. Maybe something can be changed to make it easier to use a lock. Other subtle hazards include such things as frayed electrical cords, a loose machine guard, a cluttered aisle, or maybe something that just doesn't look right.

Responsibility Number Two - Report Hazards
    A big part of recognizing hazards is using your instincts. Nobody knows your job as well as you do, so we're counting on you to let us know about possible problems. Beyond recognizing hazards, you have to correct them or report them to someone who can. This too, is a judgement call. For example, if something spills in your work area you can probably clean it up yourself. However, if there is an unlabeled chemical container and you have no idea what it is, you should report it to your supervisor.

Additional Employee Responsibilities
   Good housekeeping is a major part of keeping your work area safe. For example, you should take a few minutes each day to ensure that aisles, hallways, and stairways in your work area are not obstructed. If boxes, equipment, or anything else is left to pile up, you have a tripping hazard on your hands. Those obstructions could keep you from exiting the building quickly and safely should you face an emergency situation.
   Also watch out for spills. These can lead to slips and falls. Flammable materials are another thing to be aware of. Make sure they are disposed of properly.
   Keep Thinking. Even if you're doing your job safely and you are avoiding hazards, there are often even better ways to work safely. If you have ideas for improving the safety of your job or that of co-workers, share them.

   Concluding Remarks
  While nothing we do can completely eliminate the threat of an incident, we can work together to improve our odds. As I said, this must be a real team effort and I'm counting on input from all of you. Let's keep communicating and continue to improve safety.

  Available at: <http://www.ncsu.edu/ehs/www99/right/training/meeting/emplores.html>.Retrieved on: April 1st, 2012. Adapted.

The modal auxiliary in boldface conveys the idea of obligation in the fragment:
Alternativas

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Olá estudante,

Vamos analisar a questão proposta e entender por que a alternativa correta é a letra D. A questão foca no uso de verbos modais em inglês, que são fundamentais para expressar diferentes nuances de significado como habilidade, possibilidade, obrigação, entre outros. Aqui, o tema central é a obrigação.

A alternativa correta é a D: “you must first understand what constitutes a hazard." (lines 30-31)

O verbo modal must é usado para expressar uma obrigação ou necessidade forte. No contexto dessa frase, fica claro que entender o que constitui um perigo é uma obrigação para os trabalhadores. Portanto, a frase reforça que é necessário, imperativo, que os trabalhadores compreendam isso.

Agora, vamos analisar por que as outras alternativas estão incorretas:

Alternativa A: “Some of you may be familiar with OSHA" (line 7)

O verbo modal may indica possibilidade, não obrigação. A frase sugere que alguns dos ouvintes podem estar familiarizados com OSHA, mas não impõe qualquer obrigação.

Alternativa B: “we can do it." (line 11)

O verbo modal can indica habilidade ou capacidade, não obrigação. Aqui, a frase sugere que é possível cumprir as regulamentações de OSHA, mas não impõe que isso deva ser feito.

Alternativa C: “and will do what is necessary to prevent you from being injured." (lines 14-15)

O verbo modal will é usado para expressar futuro ou intenção, não obrigação. A frase indica que a administração fará o necessário para prevenir lesões, mas não impõe uma necessidade ou obrigação para os ouvintes.

Alternativa E: “Those obstructions could keep you from exiting the building quickly and safely" (lines 62-64)

O verbo modal could indica uma possibilidade, não uma obrigação. A frase sugere que as obstruções poderiam impedir uma saída rápida e segura do edifício, mas não impõe uma necessidade ou obrigação.

Entender os verbos modais é essencial para interpretar corretamente textos em inglês, especialmente em contextos que envolvem regras e regulamentações, como os apresentados em questões de concursos públicos. Continue praticando e revisando esses conceitos para se preparar cada vez melhor!

Se precisar de mais explicações ou tiver dúvidas, estou à disposição para ajudar.

Abraços e bons estudos!

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d) “you must first understand what constitutes a hazard.” (lines 30-31)

The bromidic approach of sticking labels onto auxiliary verbs and requiring through some halfwit question a foolproof way of pinpointing them. Modal verbs are used play an auxiliary role in a text when the main understanding of the passage entails strong compliance, suggestion, duties, looming possibility etc. Must is often tied brassbound to the idea of "obligation", maintaining the wording used in teh question.

Consoante o contexto:
may - possibilidade.
can - habilidade para realizar algo. Geralmente traduzido para "poder", mas é poder no sentido de "ser capaz".
will - indica futuro.
must - obrigação.
could - futuro do pretérito de can.

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