The pronoun “them” in “The first thing anyone – trained scie...
TEXT II
Like Castles In An Aquarium, Offshore Drilling Platforms Are Sprawling With Residents
Just beneath the ocean’s surface, there’s an unseen world that most people will never have the opportunity to witness firsthand. A place where nature and mankind have struck a balance – a mutual respect, a friendship of sorts.
Offshore drilling platforms have become home to vast communities of sea life. Florid carpets of coral encrust their massive pylons, along with sponge, sea urchins, crabs, and snails. Swimming in the sanctuary of their enormous risers are schools of rockfish, bright orange garibaldi and angel fish. And splashing about on the surface is the occasional sea lion.
Now scientists have confirmed what some had suspected all along. Most of the sea life was actually created at the rig rather than having come from other parts of the ocean and settled there, according to the National Academy of Sciences. And fish that would otherwise perish in vast expanses of open ocean, settle within the safety of the structures.
Like castles in an aquarium, offshore platforms are sprawling with underwater residents. Scientists say these are the richest marine ecosystems on the entire planet. They are even more productive than coral reefs and estuaries, according to marine biologists.
The first thing anyone – trained scientist or casual recreational diver – notices around a rig is the big fish -- lots of them, say marine researchers and divers, alike.
For a decade and a half, researchers used submersibles to survey fish at 16 different platforms. When the researchers tabulated the data, they were surprised to discover that, by one standard, California’s oil rigs are among the most productive marine habitats ever recorded.
At the end of their production, however, the offshore rigs must be decommissioned. Scientific insight is adding momentum to efforts to convert some of these rigs into artificial reefs […].
(From http://thesurge.com/stories/like-castles-aquarium-offshore-drilling-platformssprawling-residents. Accessed July 18th, 2017)
The pronoun “them” in “The first thing anyone – trained scientist or casual recreational diver – notices around a rig is the big fish -- lots of them, say marine researchers and divers, alike” refers to:
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Vamos analisar a questão e entender o que está sendo pedido. A alternativa correta é C - big fish.
No trecho "The first thing anyone – trained scientist or casual recreational diver – notices around a rig is the big fish -- lots of them, say marine researchers and divers, alike", o pronome "them" se refere a "big fish". Para compreender isso, devemos observar a estrutura da frase e o contexto fornecido.
Veja que a frase primeiro apresenta algo que tanto cientistas treinados quanto mergulhadores recreativos notam ao redor da plataforma ("rig"), que são "the big fish". A seguir, temos "lots of them", que significa "muitos deles". Neste caso, "them" está claramente substituindo "big fish", reforçando que há muitos peixes grandes ao redor da plataforma.
Agora, vamos justificar as alternativas incorretas:
- A - rig: A palavra "rig" se refere à plataforma de perfuração, mas não faz sentido no contexto substituir por "them", pois a frase já menciona a rig diretamente.
- B - divers: "divers" refere-se aos mergulhadores, mas eles estão observando os peixes e não sendo referidos pelo pronome "them".
- D - ecosystems: "ecosystems" está fora de contexto aqui. O trecho fala claramente de algo vizível e imediatamente notável ao redor das plataformas, que são os peixes.
- E - marine researchers: Embora os pesquisadores marinhos sejam mencionados, eles não são o objeto de observação direta substituído pelo pronome "them". Eles são os que fazem a observação, não os observados.
Para resolver questões como essa, é importante desenvolver a habilidade de identificar pronomes e compreender a que ou a quem eles se referem dentro do contexto da frase ou parágrafo. A prática de leitura atenta e análise gramatical são fundamentais.
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