The history of English language teaching (ELT) is unarguabl...

The history of English language teaching (ELT) is unarguably linked to the history of imperialism and colonialism, which materializes in a certain extent the explicit or implicit cultural domination. Such domination inevitably involves the insertion of the colonizer's language into the lives of the colonized peoples. In this regard, the history of English language teaching has always been experienced in terms of cycles, such as theoretical principles and techniques that appear as a trend, disappear for a time and reappear for another period time, sometimes with new principles and fundamentals, and the cycles tend to follow one another. In this regard, studies in Applied Linguistics and Methods and Approaches in English Language Teaching suggest Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Oral Approach and Audiolingualism Method to be the first ones in ELT history. Having that in mind match the second column based on the information provided in the first one. Then, check the correct answer.

( A ) GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION METHOD ( B ) DIRECT METHOD ( C ) ORAL APPROACH ( D) AUDIOLINGUALISM METHOD

( ) Grammatical rules are not presented formally and the texts used for reading and writing activities are no longer literary since this method is based on certain principles, such as: selection, gradation and presentation.

( ) Learning is associated with syntactic, morphological and phonological structures which are learned from a system of stimulus, response and reinforcement.

( ) In this method, the writing skill is also developed, but not with a communicative purpose.

( ) Adopting the monolingual principle, this method involves the use of objects, gestures and images to explain the meanings of words, since the students' native language is prohibited from being used.

( ) Language learning would be associated with the formation of readers and the intellectual development of students.

( ) This method involves automatic correction and immediate assessment of students' mistakes by teachers in order to prevent the students from forming or acquiring bad habits and behaviors during the learning process.

( ) As a theoretical systematization of foreign language teaching, its objective would be the development of students' oral skills as the vocabulary and grammatical structures they have learned would be controlled in terms of frequency of occurrence.

( ) In this method, learning must be directly connected to the target language without going through the process of translation into the students' native language.

( ) The language to be taught is the spoken language and the new elements of the language are practiced situationally as the grammatical items are proposed gradually, that is, from the simplest to the most complex forms.

( ) In this method, language is both seen and considered as a behavior, for it is a means of oral communication.