Hutauruk has based her discussion about selecting vocabulary in ESP on Harmer (1991), Gairns and
Redman ( 1986) and Thornbury (2002). According to her,

Question

After Reading Hutauruk's extract (2015) about selecting vocabulary in ESP, choose the correct answer. Selecting vocabulary.   The initial step in teaching ESP vocabulary is to determine which words and special terms in fact to teach.
Gairns and Redman (pag.59) emphasize especially cultural reasons and the principles of need and level.
Authors of teaching materials and teachers should take into account also the criteria of learnability and
teachability. According to Harmer (pag.154), one of the most common principles of vocabulary selection is to
teach at first concrete words and gradually abstract words. Words like chair, table, sofa and wardrobe are
easily presented and explained, because students can see or imagine the real things which the words
represent. On the contrary, abstract words like density, qualifications, safety are more difficult to explain.
There is a number of words that are connected with the idea of furniture (chair, table, sofa and wardrobe).
Words that have this kind of thematic relationship are said to belong to the same lexical field. The texts of
practical part also contain the lexical field of tool-related words that partly overlap with furniture words
(hammer, screwdriver and saw) as well as terminology connected with trees (hardwood and softwood). After
selection words for teaching purpose it is also indispensable to decide what to teach about each naming
unit. According to Harmer (pag.158) and Thornbury (pag.15), knowledge of a word involves knowing its:
Meaning - meanings in context, sense of relation (synonyms/antonyms), Form - spelling and pronunciation,
affixes, parts of speech, Grammar - plurals, countability, past simple/participle forms, Usage - collocations
and appropriate register. (pag.20)Hutauruk, Bertaria Sohnata. TEACHING MODULE for ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES . Pematangsiantar, 2015. Hutauruk has based her discussion about selecting vocabulary in ESP on Harmer (1991), Gairns and
Redman ( 1986) and Thornbury (2002). According to her, Alternativa A: To choose the words or terms to be taught, teachers should take into account the cultural reasons and
the principles of need and level, the criteria of learnability and teachability, teach at first concrete words
and gradually abstract words, and decide what to teach about each naming unit. She concludes pointing
that knowledge of a word involves knowing its meaning, form, grammar and usage. Ou Alternativa B: It is not simple to choose a word to be taught because teachers should take into account many things
including cultural context where the word will be taught. So it is advised to choose a theme and prepare
the grammar points that will help the students to grasp the language. Ou Alternativa C: To choose the words or terms to be taught, teachers only should take into account the cultural reasons
and the principles of need and level. Ou Alternativa D: To choose the word to be taught, teachers should take into account only the criteria of learnability and
teachability. Ou Alternativa E: To choose the words or terms to be taught, teachers should not take into account the cultural reasons
and the principles of need and level, the criteria of learnability and teachability, teach at first concrete
words and gradually abstract words, decide what to teach about each naming unit. She concludes
pointing that knowledge of a word involves knowing its meaning, form, grammar and usage.

Qconcursos · Accepted Answer

Alternativa [A] To choose the words or terms to be taught, teachers should take into account the cultural reasons and
the principles of need and level, the criteria of learnability and teachability, teach at first concrete words
and gradually abstract words, and decide what to teach about each naming unit. She concludes pointing
that knowledge of a word involves knowing its meaning, form, grammar and usage. Alternativa Correta: A

Vamos analisar a questão em detalhes, focando na compreensão do texto apresentado e justificando as alternativas corretas e incorretas.

O tema da questão refere-se à seleção de vocabulário no ensino de English for Specific Purposes (ESP). Para resolver a questão, é necessário entender o que Hutauruk sugere sobre a escolha de palavras e termos a serem ensinados, com base nos autores Harmer, Gairns e Redman, e Thornbury. Vamos destrinchar cada parte do texto para compreender melhor.

De acordo com o texto, a seleção de vocabulário no ESP deve levar em conta vários critérios: razões culturais, princípios de necessidade e nível, critérios de aprendibilidade e ensinabilidade. Além disso, Harmer sugere iniciar ensinando palavras concretas e, gradualmente, palavras abstratas. Finalmente, é importante decidir o que ensinar sobre cada unidade nominal, considerando significado, forma, gramática e uso.

Analisando cada alternativa:

A - Correta: Esta alternativa resume corretamente os critérios mencionados no texto. Ela aborda as razões culturais, os princípios de necessidade e nível, aprendibilidade e ensinabilidade, a sequência de palavras concretas para abstratas, e a necessidade de conhecer o significado, forma, gramática e uso das palavras.

B - Incorreta: Embora mencione a importância do contexto cultural, não aborda todos os critérios citados no texto e acrescenta informações sobre preparação de pontos gramaticais que não são mencionadas na passagem.

C - Incorreta: Esta alternativa omite vários critérios importantes, como aprendibilidade e ensinabilidade e a sequência de ensino de palavras concretas para abstratas, além de não mencionar o que deve ser ensinado sobre cada unidade nominal.

D - Incorreta: Foca apenas nos critérios de aprendibilidade e ensinabilidade, ignorando as razões culturais, os princípios de necessidade e nível, e a sequência de ensino de palavras.

E - Incorreta: Esta alternativa contradiz diretamente o texto, sugerindo que os professores não devem considerar os critérios mencionados, quando na verdade o texto enfatiza a importância de todos eles.

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