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   Inquiries into the deaths of British teenagers after eating buttermilk, sesame and peanut have highlighted the sometimes tragic consequences. Last year, a six-year-old girl in Western Australia died as the result of a dairy allergy.

   The rise in allergies in recent decades has been particularly noticeable in the West. Food allergy now affects about 7% of children in the UK and 9% of those in Australia, for example. Across Europe, 2% of adults have food allergies.

   Life-threatening reactions can be prompted even by traces of the trigger foods, meaning patients and families live with fear and anxiety. The dietary restrictions which follow can become a burden to social and family lives.

   While we can't say for sure why allergy rates are increasing, researchers around the world are working hard to find ways to combat this phenomenon.

   The increase in allergies is not simply the effect of society becoming more aware of them and better at diagnosing them.

   It is thought that allergies and increased sensitivity to foods are probably environmental, and related to Western lifestyles.

   We know there are lower rates of allergies in developing countries. They are also more likely to occur in urban rather than rural areas.

   Factors may include pollution, dietary changes and less exposure to microbes, which change how our immune systems respond.

   Migrants appear to show a higher prevalence of asthma and food allergy in their adopted country compared to their country of origin, further illustrating the importance of environmental factors.

SANTOS, Alexandra. 2019. Disponível em: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-46302780. Acesso em 14 jun. 2021.