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Q610370 Conhecimentos Gerais
                    “Salve, lindo pendão da esperança,

                     Salve, símbolo augusto da paz!

                     Tua nobre presença à lembrança

                    A grandeza da Pátria nos traz

Essa estrofe é parte de uma poesia de Olavo Bilac, musicada por Francisco Braga. Ela é cantada principalmente em 19 de novembro, quando se comemora 


Alternativas
Q610369 Conhecimentos Gerais
Manifestações populares com motivação religiosa são tradições que fazem parte da cultura do País. Algumas delas ocorrem anualmente durante o mês de outubro, como
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Q610367 Conhecimentos Gerais
O resultado do segundo turno das últimas eleições majoritárias do Brasil apontou Dilma Rousseff como a próxima Presidenta brasileira. A eleita terá como Vice-Presidente
Alternativas
Q610363 Noções de Informática
www.fazenda.sp.gov.br é o endereço da Secretaria da Fazenda do Estado de São Paulo na Internet, que pode ser acessado por qualquer computador,
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Q610362 Noções de Informática
SEFAZNET é um recurso acessado somente pelos usuários da rede de computadores da Secretaria da Fazenda do Estado de São Paulo (Capital e Interior), tanto da Sede quanto das Unidades Regionais, por meio de circuitos de transmissão de dados dedicados e exclusivos. Nesse contexto, a SEFAZNET situa-se no conceito de
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Q610361 Noções de Informática
Em relação ao aplicativo de correio eletrônico Microsoft Outlook 2003, utilizado na SEFAZ, é correto afirmar:
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Q610360 Noções de Informática
Considerando uma pesquisa feita no Google, em Português do Brasil, com a palavra tibrutação, a aplicação (Google)
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Q585208 Auditoria
Trata-se da aplicação de procedimentos de auditoria em menos de 100% dos itens de população relevante para fins de auditoria, de maneira que todas as unidades-base tenham a mesma chance de serem selecionadas para proporcionar uma base razoável que possibilite ao auditor concluir sobre toda a população. 

O texto refere-se ao conceito de
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Q493717 Matemática Financeira
Ao descontar um título em um banco, utiliza-se uma taxa de desconto comercial. O desconto é proporcional à taxa de juros e ao prazo. Quando vários títulos com prazos diferentes são descontados, uma das maneiras é calcular o prazo médio dos títulos. A média dos prazos deve ser ponderada, ou seja, o prazo associado ao maior capital tem maior peso enquanto o prazo associado ao menor capital tem menor peso. Considere os quatro títulos a seguir:

imagem-003.jpg
À taxa de descontos de 6% ao mês, o valor total dos descontos será de
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Q493695 Português
O tempo não para

O processo é conhecido. Os custos crescem, os competidores avançam, e os acionistas querem resultados. Saída: renovar os quadros. Leia-se: livrar-se dos funcionários mais velhos e caros, contratar jovens efebos, com muita vontade e pequeno salário. Dito e feito. Então, o trabalho emperra, os clientes reclamam, mas a planilha de custos fala mais alto. Assim tem sido: a cada crise, interna ou externa, as empresas rejuvenescem seus quadros. Alguns observadores batizaram o processo de “juniorização”.

Renovar sistematicamente os quadros é um princípio de gestão importante para qualquer empresa. Profissionais mais jovens trazem novas ideias, colocam em xeque processos anacrônicos e ajudam a evitar que a empresa envelheça e perca o contato com as mudanças em seu ambiente de negócios. A renovação, realizada na medida certa, traz efeitos positivos.

A juniorização, por sua vez, quando realizada com o propósito de reduzir custos, compromete a qualidade da gestão e põe em risco o futuro das companhias. Vista como panaceia, evita que a empresa trate de questões mais substantivas, relacionadas ao seu modelo de negócios e às suas práticas de gestão.

Além disso, a juniorização segue na contramão da demografia. O Brasil está envelhecendo. Nas próximas décadas, as empresas terão de lidar com quadros profissionais cada vez mais maduros. Uma pesquisa recente, feita pela consultoria PwC e a FGV-Eaesp, procurou avaliar como o mundo corporativo busca adequação para essa realidade. Foram ouvidas mais de cem empresas, de diversos segmentos da economia. Algumas conclusões são preocupantes.

Em primeiro lugar, menos de 40% das organizações pesquisadas reconhecem que quadros mais maduros podem constituir alternativa para a escassez de talentos, problema hoje de centenas de corporações brasileiras que estão freando seus planos de crescimento.

Em segundo lugar, as companhias reconhecem: profissionais mais maduros possuem competências valiosas, relacionadas à capacidade de realizar diagnósticos e resolver problemas, além de apresentarem maior equilíbrio emocional. Paradoxalmente, essas companhias não contam com modelos de gestão de carreira que facilitem os processos pelos quais tais características poderiam ser mais bem exploradas.

(Thomaz Wood Jr, Carta Capital, 17.04.2013. Adaptado)

Observe os trechos:

• Renovar sistematicamente os quadros é um princípio de gestão importante para qualquer empresa. (segundo parágrafo)

• Uma pesquisa recente, feita pela consultoria PwC e a FGV-Eaesp, procurou avaliar como o mundo corporativo busca adequação para essa realidade. (quarto parágrafo)

• Em primeiro lugar, menos de 40% das organizações pesquisadas reconhecem que quadros mais maduros podem constituir alternativa para a escassez de talentos… (penúltimo parágrafo)

Considerando as regras de emprego do acento indicativo de crase, as expressões destacadas podem ser substituídas, correta e respectivamente, por
Alternativas
Q493686 Português
Tão arcaico quanto

Já reparou que não se vê mais nas ruas gente de mãos nos bolsos? Que são raros os homens que ainda usam as calças acima do umbigo? Que os colarinhos com barbatanas, assim como o lenço no bolso do paletó, se extinguiram? E que flor na lapela, hoje, é exclusividade da Velha Guarda das escolas de samba em dia de desfile?

Ninguém mais carrega o pente no bolso da camisa - aliás, há quanto tempo não se vê um homem se penteando em público? Ninguém mais ouve radinho de pilha - os próprios porteiros o abandonaram. E lápis atrás da orelha também não se vê há muito, nem no caixa das melhores padarias. Ninguém mais enfeita a geladeira com pinguins de louça. Ninguém mais decora o jardim com estátuas de anões. E ninguém mais usa CD-ROM.

Quem diria? Há apenas 15 anos, o CD-ROM era a “ferramenta” que iria absorver, resumir e comportar todo o conhecimento do Universo. Iria substituir as bibliotecas, o livro, o cinema, os museus, a TV e, quem sabe, o cérebro. Quem poderia adivinhar que, em tão pouco tempo, sua glória se extinguiria e ele ficaria tão arcaico quanto os anões de jardim e os pinguins de geladeira?

(Ruy Castro, Folha de S.Paulo, 15.04.2013. Adaptado)

O termo em destaque na passagem do primeiro parágrafo – Já reparou que não se vê mais nas ruas gente de mãos nos bolsos? Que são raros os homens que ainda usam as calças acima do umbigo? – expressa a circunstância de
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Q493684 Português
Cadastro positivo já é realidade

Desde que entrou em vigor, no início deste ano, o cadastro positivo vem sendo adotado por grandes redes do varejo, a exemplo de C&A, Casas Bahia e Riachuelo, que passaram a registrar o consumidor que queira futuramente aderir à novidade.

O cadastro é um banco de dados no qual são registrados compromissos financeiros e pagamentos relativos a operações de crédito, como empréstimos. Na prática, o consumidor é avaliado por seu desempenho no pagamento de suas contas, que vão além do varejo: financiamento imobiliário, consórcio, leasing, contas de luz, escola. Toda despesa que comprometa a renda da pessoa é registrada no banco de dados que todos podem consultar, inclusive o próprio cliente. Se for um bom pagador, poderá receber um tratamento melhor na hora de conquistar o crédito. Juros mais baixos, por exemplo.

Para o superintendente de Informações sobre Consumidores da Serasa Experian, Vander Nagata, a grande vantagem desse cadastro em relação ao tradicional cadastro negativo (que negativa o nome dos consumidores que deram calote) é dar ao comércio a real condição financeira do cliente que está pedindo crédito. “A partir do momento que um credor, como a Casas Bahia, alimenta o banco de dados, tudo fica disponível para outras empresas consultarem. A base de dados compartilhada mostra que existe compromisso financeiro, de forma a evitar o superendividamento da pessoa. Hoje as empresas dão um tiro no escuro quando concedem o crédito”.

A entrada no cadastro positivo não é compulsória. O cliente tem de autorizar junto a empresas a inclusão de seu nome. Essa é uma das razões de a novidade não agradar as entidades de defesa do consumidor. O temor é que o cliente que se recuse a dar o nome passe a ser tratado como um mau pagador. O presidente do Procon-PE, José Rangel, questiona um outro problema: e se a pessoa passar por um momento de aperto financeiro? “Eu entendo que o cadastro positivo tem potencial de se tornar uma lista ruim, pois, num momento de dificuldades, a pessoa vai ter de escolher que conta pagar e isso vai restringir seu crédito, mais que beneficiar”, critica.

Com relação à desconfiança de Rangel, Vander Nagata, da Serasa Experian, diz que “um deslize” do consumidor que deixou, eventualmente, de pagar uma conta não significa nada. “Todos nós estamos sujeitos a isso. O cadastro positivo funciona como um histórico de longo prazo. É como na indústria de seguros. O motorista que tem um bom histórico e não se envolve em acidentes ganha bônus. Uma coisa é ter batido o carro há dois anos, outra diferente é bater a cada mês”, defende.

(Leonardo Spinelli, Jornal do Commercio, 03.03.2013. Adaptado)


Observe o uso dos dois-pontos (:) nos trechos que seguem.

• Na prática, o consumidor é avaliado por seu desempenho no pagamento de suas contas, que vão além do varejo: financiamento imobiliário, consórcio, leasing, contas de luz, escola. (segundo parágrafo)

• O presidente do Procon-PE, José Rangel, questiona um outro problema:e se a pessoa passar por um momento de aperto financeiro? (penúltimo parágrafo)

É correto afirmar que os dois-pontos introduzem, respectivamente,
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Q460762 Inglês

                Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
      The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)


      By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)


O texto pode ser sintetizado na seguinte oposição:
Alternativas
Q460761 Inglês

                Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
      The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)


      By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)


No texto, after a tax return has been filed pode ser traduzido como
Alternativas
Q460760 Inglês

                Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
      The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)


      By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)


A forma verbal correta de [TO GENERATE] no texto é
Alternativas
Q460759 Inglês

                Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
      The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)


      By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)


A palavra que preenche corretamente a lacuna é
Alternativas
Q460758 Inglês

                Avoidance and evasion compared: The United States example
      The use of the terms tax avoidance and tax evasion can vary depending on the jurisdiction. In the United States, for example, the term "tax evasion" (or, more precisely, "attempted tax evasion") generally consists of criminal conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the assessment or payment of a tax that is already legally owed at the time of the criminal conduct. (The term "assessment" is here used in the technical sense of a statutory assessment: the formal administrative act of a duly appointed employee of the Internal Revenue Service who records the tax on the books of the United States Treasury after certain administrative prerequisites have been met. In the case of Federal income tax, this act generally occurs after the close of the tax year - and usually after a tax return has been filed.)


      By contrast, the term "tax avoidance" is used in the United States to describe lawful conduct, the purpose of which is to avoid the creation of a tax liability. Tax evasion involves breaking the law; tax avoidance is using legal means to avoid owing tax in the first place. An evaded tax remains a tax legally owed. An avoided tax (in the U.S. sense) is a tax liability that has never existed. A simple example of tax avoidance in this sense is the situation where a business considers selling a particular asset at a huge gain but, after consulting with a tax adviser, decides not to [VERB] the sale. ......97...... no sale occurs, no gain is realized. The additional income tax liability that [TO GENERATE] by the inclusion of the gain on the sale in the computation of taxable income is simply not incurred, as there was no sale and no realized gain.
(Adapted from Wikipedia: en.w ikipedia.org/w iki/Tax_evasion)


O verbo que substitui corretamente [VERB] é

Alternativas
Q460757 Inglês
                        History of the Income Tax in the United States
      The nation had few taxes in its early history. From 1791 to 1802, the United States government was supported by internal taxes on distilled spirits, carriages, refined sugar, tobacco and snuff, property sold at auction, corporate bonds, and slaves. The high cost of the War of 1812 brought about the nation's first sales taxes on gold, silverware, jewelry, and watches. In 1817, however, Congress did away with all internal taxes, relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient funds for running the government.
      In 18 62, in order to support the Civil War effort, Congress enacted the nation's first income tax law. It was a forerunner of our modern income tax in that it was based on the principles of graduated, or progressive, taxation and of withholding income at the source. Additional sales and excise taxes were added, and an "inheritance" tax also made its debut.
      The Act of 18 62 established the office of Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The Commissioner [TO GIVE] the power to assess, levy, and collect taxes, and the right to enforce the tax laws through seizure of property and income and through prosecution. The powers and authority remain very much the same today.
      In 18 68 , Congress again focused its taxation efforts on tobacco and distilled spirits and eliminated the income tax in 1872. It had a short-lived revival in 18 94 and 18 95. In the latter year, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the income tax was unconstitutional because it was not apportioned among the states in conformity with the Constitution.
      In 1913, the 16th Amendment to the Constitution made the income tax a permanent fixture in the U.S. tax system. The amendment gave Congress legal authority to tax income and resulted in a revenue law that taxed incomes of both individuals and corporations. The withholding tax on wages was introduced in 1943 and was instrumental in increasing the number of taxpayers to 60 million and tax collections to $43 billion by 1945.
      In 1981  , Congress enacted the largest tax cut in U.S. history, approximately $750 billion over six years. The tax reduction, however, was partially offset by two tax acts, in 1982 and 1984, that attempted to raise approximately $265 billion.
(Adapted from http://w w w .infoplease.com/ipa/A0005921.html)

Ainda segundo o texto,
Alternativas
Q460756 Inglês
                        History of the Income Tax in the United States
      The nation had few taxes in its early history. From 1791 to 1802, the United States government was supported by internal taxes on distilled spirits, carriages, refined sugar, tobacco and snuff, property sold at auction, corporate bonds, and slaves. The high cost of the War of 1812 brought about the nation's first sales taxes on gold, silverware, jewelry, and watches. In 1817, however, Congress did away with all internal taxes, relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient funds for running the government.
      In 18 62, in order to support the Civil War effort, Congress enacted the nation's first income tax law. It was a forerunner of our modern income tax in that it was based on the principles of graduated, or progressive, taxation and of withholding income at the source. Additional sales and excise taxes were added, and an "inheritance" tax also made its debut.
      The Act of 18 62 established the office of Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The Commissioner [TO GIVE] the power to assess, levy, and collect taxes, and the right to enforce the tax laws through seizure of property and income and through prosecution. The powers and authority remain very much the same today.
      In 18 68 , Congress again focused its taxation efforts on tobacco and distilled spirits and eliminated the income tax in 1872. It had a short-lived revival in 18 94 and 18 95. In the latter year, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the income tax was unconstitutional because it was not apportioned among the states in conformity with the Constitution.
      In 1913, the 16th Amendment to the Constitution made the income tax a permanent fixture in the U.S. tax system. The amendment gave Congress legal authority to tax income and resulted in a revenue law that taxed incomes of both individuals and corporations. The withholding tax on wages was introduced in 1943 and was instrumental in increasing the number of taxpayers to 60 million and tax collections to $43 billion by 1945.
      In 1981  , Congress enacted the largest tax cut in U.S. history, approximately $750 billion over six years. The tax reduction, however, was partially offset by two tax acts, in 1982 and 1984, that attempted to raise approximately $265 billion.
(Adapted from http://w w w .infoplease.com/ipa/A0005921.html)

Segundo o texto, nos Estados Unidos,
Alternativas
Q460755 Inglês
                        History of the Income Tax in the United States
      The nation had few taxes in its early history. From 1791 to 1802, the United States government was supported by internal taxes on distilled spirits, carriages, refined sugar, tobacco and snuff, property sold at auction, corporate bonds, and slaves. The high cost of the War of 1812 brought about the nation's first sales taxes on gold, silverware, jewelry, and watches. In 1817, however, Congress did away with all internal taxes, relying on tariffs on imported goods to provide sufficient funds for running the government.
      In 18 62, in order to support the Civil War effort, Congress enacted the nation's first income tax law. It was a forerunner of our modern income tax in that it was based on the principles of graduated, or progressive, taxation and of withholding income at the source. Additional sales and excise taxes were added, and an "inheritance" tax also made its debut.
      The Act of 18 62 established the office of Commissioner of Internal Revenue. The Commissioner [TO GIVE] the power to assess, levy, and collect taxes, and the right to enforce the tax laws through seizure of property and income and through prosecution. The powers and authority remain very much the same today.
      In 18 68 , Congress again focused its taxation efforts on tobacco and distilled spirits and eliminated the income tax in 1872. It had a short-lived revival in 18 94 and 18 95. In the latter year, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that the income tax was unconstitutional because it was not apportioned among the states in conformity with the Constitution.
      In 1913, the 16th Amendment to the Constitution made the income tax a permanent fixture in the U.S. tax system. The amendment gave Congress legal authority to tax income and resulted in a revenue law that taxed incomes of both individuals and corporations. The withholding tax on wages was introduced in 1943 and was instrumental in increasing the number of taxpayers to 60 million and tax collections to $43 billion by 1945.
      In 1981  , Congress enacted the largest tax cut in U.S. history, approximately $750 billion over six years. The tax reduction, however, was partially offset by two tax acts, in 1982 and 1984, that attempted to raise approximately $265 billion.
(Adapted from http://w w w .infoplease.com/ipa/A0005921.html)

Um sinônimo para offset, no texto, é
Alternativas
Respostas
1: B
2: C
3: D
4: D
5: A
6: D
7: B
8: D
9: D
10: E
11: E
12: E
13: B
14: A
15: E
16: C
17: D
18: A
19: B
20: D