Questões de Concurso Comentadas para professor - inglês

Our Kids Don’t Belong in School By Bridget Samburg | Boston Magazine | September 2015
When Milva McDonald sent her oldest daughter to Newton public school kindergarten in 1990, she was disturbed by what she saw. The kids were being tracked, even at that young age. And then there were the endless hours the small children spent sitting at their desks. It felt unnatural. In the real world, you wouldn’t be stuck in a room with people all the same ages with one person directing them, she thought.

During that single year her daughter was in the school system, McDonald saw enough to convince her that she could do better on her own. That would be no small feat: Newton’s public schools have long been rated as among the best in the state (in our Greater Boston rankings this year, they’re 10th.). But she’d always worked part time—she’s now an online editor—and she was fortunate that she could maintain a flexible schedule. So she yanked her daughter out of school, and over the next two decades homeschooled all four of her children—including her youngest, Abigail Dickson, who’s now 16.
McDonald’s first homeschool rule was to throw out the book and let her children guide their learning, at their own pace. In lieu of a curriculum or published guides, McDonald improvised, taking advantage of the homeschooling village that had sprouted up around her. One mother ran a theater group, a dad ran a math group, and McDonald oversaw a creative-writing club. Their children took supplementary classes at the Harvard Extension School and Bunker Hill Community College. “I wanted them to be in charge of their own education and decide what they were interested in, and not have someone else telling them what to do and what they were good at,” she says.

And by any measure, it’s working. McDonald’s daughter Claire—the third of her four children to be homeschooled—will enter Harvard College as a freshman this fall.
Back in the ’90s, McDonald was considered a homeschooling pioneer; now she’s joined by a growing movement of parents who are abstaining from traditional schooling, not on religious grounds but because of another strong belief: that they can educate their kids better than the system can. Though far from mainstream (an estimated 2.2 million students are home-educated in the U.S.), secular homeschooling is trending up. Last year, 277 children were homeschooled in Boston, more than double the total from 2004; in Cambridge the number was 46. (In surrounding towns, the numbers are growing, too: During the 2013–2014 school year, Arlington had 55; Somerville, 36; Winthrop, 5; Brookline, 11; Natick, 36; Newton, 33; and Watertown, 24.)

There’s enough momentum that major cultural institutions—from the Franklin Park Zoo and the New England Aquarium to the Museum of Fine Arts and MIT’s Edgerton Center—now regularly offer classes for homeschoolers. Tellingly, even public school systems are becoming more accommodating. In Cambridge, for example, homeschoolers have the option to attend individual classes in the district’s schools. Some take math or science classes and participate in sports—last year, one homeschooler took music and piano lessons. Carolyn Turk, deputy superintendent for teaching and learning at Cambridge Public Schools, says she’s seeing more of this “hybrid” approach than in the past. “In Cambridge we look at homeschooling as a choice,” she says. “Cambridge is a city of choice.”

The Boston Public Schools, meanwhile, have begun to view homeschooling as one of the many laboratories in which it can explore new teaching methods. “These people are looking to do instructive, nontraditional education. It’s all different types of people from all incomes,” says Freddie Fuentes, the executive director of educational options for Boston Public Schools. Fuentes, who personally helps parents with academic plans, finds that many homeschooling parents want “very deep, expeditionary learning” for their children. “A lot of them are looking at innovative ways of learning,” he says. “We as a school system need to think about innovation and the cutting edge.”

In other words, homeschooling is arriving here in a very Boston-like way: It’s aspirational, intellectual, entrepreneurial, and innovative.

(http://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/article/2015/08/25/homeschooling-in-boston/)

The underlined modal verb in “they can educate their kids better than the system can.” (5ᵗʰ paragraph) expresses a

Choose the correct alternative to complete the senteces.
 The Indian ______ a stick and ______ an immense ring around both circles: “This is where the white man and the red man know nothing”.

ANABOLIC STEROID ABUSE
 Since the 1950’s, some athletes have been taking anabolic steroids to build muscle boost their athletic performance. Increasingly, other segments of the population also have been taking these compounds. An anual survey of drug abuse among adolescents showed a significant increase from 1998 to 1999 in steroid abuse among middle school students. During the same year, the percentage of 12th-graders who believed that taking these drugs causes “great risk” to health, declined from 68 percent to 62 percent.
 Studies show that, over time, anabolic steroids can indeed take a heavy toll on a person’s health. The abuse of oral or injectable steroids is associated with higher risks for heart attacks and strokes, and the abuse of most oral steroids is associated with increased risk for liver problems. Steroid abusers who share needles or use non-sterile techniques when they inject steroids are at risk os contracting dangerous infections, such as HIV/AIDS, hepatites B and C, and bacterial endocarditis. 
Anabolic steroid abuse can also cause undesirable body changes. These include breast development and genital shrinking in men, masculinization of the body in women, and acne and hair loss in both sexes. 
[...]  We hope that this compilation of scientific information on anabolic steroids will help the public recognize the risks of steroid abuse. 
Alan I. Leshner, Ph.D. Director National Institute on Drug Abuse www.nida.nih.gov
Check the meaning of the word in bold.
 - The abuse of steroids is associated with risks for heart attacks and strokes.

Choose the CORRECT answer. 
“Sarah is married. I saw Sarah with _______ husband, Philip.” 

 ______ bags are these? “I’m not sure, but I guess they’re John’s”

Review the sentence that contains underlined parts to answer the following question.
Mark the item corresponding to the inconsistent underlined part correction.
I  wonder  if dad will ever let me to drive his new car, I don’t think he will.         A                               B                   C                                                          D

Das alternativas abaixo, qual a única que admite a utilização do artigo indefinido "an". 

Which modal is used to express strong belief or obligation? 

The past perfect form is fairly often used in English. Correct the mistakes in the following past perfect sentence: "The work had started the moment she'd left the terminal patient there."

 The only right form to complete the sentence “Let’s go, ______?” is: 

Which one of the alternatives below is not correct? 

 One of the verbs below cannot be followed by an “ing form”. Which one? 

Na educação no campo, é preciso considerar a diversidade contida nos espaços rurais, contemplando no currículo escolar as características de cada local, bem como os saberes ali presentes. De acordo com a Lei nº 9.394/1996, na oferta de educação básica para a população rural, os sistemas de ensino promoverão as adaptações necessárias à sua adequação às peculiaridades da vida rural e de cada região, especialmente: 
I. Conteúdos curriculares e metodologias apropriadas às reais necessidades e interesses dos alunos da zona rural. 

II. Organização escolar própria, incluindo adequação do calendário escolar às fases do ciclo agrícola e às condições climáticas. 

III. Adequação à natureza do trabalho na zona rural, observando a possibilidade de concessão de certificados intermediários de qualificação para o trabalho. 

Está(ão) correta(s) a(s) afirmativa(s) 

Brazil wars against pregnancy dueto spreading virus   By Shasta Darlington, CNN December24, 2015     Rio de Janeiro (CNN): Brazilian health officials are dishing out some unusual advice these days: Don't get pregnant. That's the message for would-be parents, especially in the country's northeast, after officials linked a mosquito-borne virus called Zika to a surge in newbom microcephaly, a neurological disorder that can result in incomplete brain development. “It's a very personal decision, but at this moment of uncertainty, if families can put off their pregnancy plans, that's what we're recommending,” Angela Rocha, the pediatric infectologist at Oswaldo Cruz Hospital in Brazil's hardest-hit state, told CNN. Behind Brazil's outbreak     More than 2,400 suspected cases of microcephaly have been reported this year in 20 Brazilian states, compared with 147 cases last year. Doctors are investigating 29 related infant deaths. Microcephaly results in babies being bom with abnormally small heads that cause, often serious, developmental issues and sometimes early death. As a result, six states have declared a state of emergency. In Pernambuco state alone, more than 900 cases have been reported.     “These are newboms who will require special attention their entire lives. It's an emotional stress that just can't be imagined," Rocha said. "Here in Pemambuco, we're talking about a generation of babies that's going to be affected."     When the cases of microcephaly started to soar last month, doctors noticed they coincided with the appearance of the Zika virus in Brazil. They soon discovered that most of the affected mothers reported having Zika-like symptoms during early pregnancy - mild fever, rash and headaches.     On November 28, Brazil's Health Ministry announced that during an autopsy it had found the Zika vírus in a baby bom with microcephaly, establishing link between the two.     “This is an unprecedented situation, unprecedented in world scientific research," the ministry said on its website.    Research continues to determine if Zika actually causes microcephaly and further establish an association.     Initialy concentrated in northeastem Brazil, many cases of microcephaly have now been detected in Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo to the south, fueling fears across the country.    Patricia Compassi, from Sao Paulo state, has received an outpouring of support and sympathy on social media after she opened up on national television about her son Lorenzo, born with microcephaly in November.     “lts been very difficult because initially the ultrasounds were normal," she told Globo TV in an interview. Early in her pregnancy, she woke up with a rash all over face and achy joints - symptoms that doctors initially attributed to a food allergy and now associate with Zika.     Toward the end of her term, doctors determined her baby would be born with microcephaly.    “There are days that | cry, but just looking at him gives me strength," she said.     Where Zika came from and where it can go Zika fever was first discovered in Uganda in the 1940s and has since become endemic in parts of Africa. It also spread to the South Pacific and areas of Asia, and most recently to Latin America.     It was detected in Brazil early this year. Some doctors believe tourists from Asia or the South Pacific introduced it during the 2014 World Cup.     There are concems it could continue to spread north, but at this point, the virus is known to be transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which thrives in tropical climates. In the United States that type of mosquito is only found in small numbers in Texas, Florida and Hawaii.     Aedes aegypti is the same mosquito responsible for the spread of yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya.     Zika is hard to detect, and there often aren't any symptoms. Brazils Health Ministry says there have been anywhere between a half million and 1.5 million casesin the country in the latest outbreak.    Both the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization have issued alerts in relation to the outbreak of Zika in Brazil and other countries in Latin America. Federal and local govemments have ramped up efforts to combat the Aedes aegypti mosquito and encouraged people especially pregnant women, to lather on insect repellant and stay indoors.     In Rio de Janeiro, the host city for the 2016 Olympics, officials said they have already made more than 9 million house visits to eradicate the stagnant pools used as a breeding ground for mosquitoes and are monitoring 391 pregnant women who are suspected of having Zika infections.    With the hot, rainy summer just beginning, the concern is Brazil could see a big spike in Zika. And while it could take months or even years before researchers determine if mosquitoes are really to blame, they are encouraging families to avoid risks and hold off on those pregnancies. 
Após a leitura do texto, assinale a alternativa incorreta: 

Read the text below and answer the question:
To exercise or not to exercise ...
Are more young people overweight than in the past and do they exercise enough? We decided to ask four young people what they thought about this problem.
1- HEATHEROHURUOGU, aged 14 from Leeds, tells us what she thinks about keeping fit.   “I know there have been a lot of stories in newspapers about how fat young people are getting, but we're not all sitting at home at a computer eating crisps and chocolate. Some of us do actually realise that keeping fit is quite important. If anybody should be blamed, I think schools and parents are the problem. At my school we have fewer hours of PE lessons than we used to have. The school has decided we need to spend more time preparing for our exams. My mum and dad trust me to take a bus home if I stay late at school for hockey training, but my friend Carly can't come because her parents work and they are worried about her travelling alone.”
2- OLIVER MCKENNA, aged 15, Edinburgh, sees things differently.
“I don't like organised sport or spending my time with guys skateboarding. I love computers – programming them, playing games on them, surfing the Internet and in my free time that's what I do. It's true that I do need to lose some weight, though. Next week, Mum's taking me to a doctor so we can ask about going on a diet. Dad wants me to join the gym he goes to, but I think it's a bit boring working out all the time. In fact, there's a computer game now called Wii. I'm thinking of getting it because you actually do the actions of the games – you know, things like swinging your arm to hit the ball in tennis. That'd be a good way to get some exercise!”
3- REECEWILKINS, aged 13, Swansea, has another view.
“I'm an active person and so are most of my friends. We all like to spend some time on our Nintendos, PlayStations or whatever – all young people enjoy computer games – but we also belong to football teams or some kind of sports club. We don't have to make an effort to be fit – young people like active games. No, our problem is that we eat too much rubbish. In fact, we drink a lot of bad things – sweet, fizzy drinks which are full of sugar and very unhealthy. Also, we all love fast food and often eat hamburgers and chips. If we ate better, I think most of us would lose the extra weight we have.”

4- HANK DARROW, aged 14, London, shares his opinions with us.
“I've spent the last four years trying to lose weight, and it hasn't been easy. My problem started when I was a baby – it wasn't really my fault. You see, I wasn't very interested in food, and so my mum made all kinds of delicious things to get me to eat. Of course, all those tasty foods were very fattening. My mum used to carry a bowl of food everywhere we went and would follow me around the house or playground trying to get me to eat just one more bite. Well, I got used to eating constantly and, by the time we all realised that I had gained too much weight, the damage had been done. Now I follow a special diet – it was hard at first, but once I got used to it, I actually like it.And I look and feel so much better – I don't want to go back to the way I was.”
Taken from: CHAPMAN, Joanne. Laser B1 +. Teacher's book. Macmillan, 2008.
Choose the correct statement.
According to Heather Ohuruogu:

Capacidade de classificar, compreensão de causa e efeito, egocentrismo, raciocínio transdutivo e irreversibilidade são características, segundo Piaget, do estágio:

No que se refere à obra de Isabel Solé (Estratégias de Leitura), assinale a alternativa correta:

No que se refere ao pensamento de Kátia Smole (Resolução de Problemas), analise os itens a seguir e, ao final, assinale a alternativa correta:

I – Se a situação for muito simples, não há pensamento matemático.

II – A resolução de problemas é a atividade mais genuína de matemática enquanto ciência, uma vez que cria um ambiente de investigação.

III – A aula de matemática precisa fazer o ambiente de investigação aparecer, no qual as pessoas terão que criar coisas, mobilizar o conhecimento.