Questões de Concurso Para prefeitura de roseira - sp

Leia atentamente o poema Legado, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, escritor brasileiro, para responder à questão.

Legado
Que lembrança darei ao país que me deu
tudo que lembro e sei, tudo quanto senti?
Na noite do sem-fim, breve o tempo esqueceu
minha incerta medalha, e a meu nome se ri.

E mereço esperar mais do que os outros, eu?
Tu não me enganas, mundo, e não te engano a ti.
Esses monstros atuais, não os cativa Orfeu,
a vagar, taciturno, entre o talvez e o se.

Não deixarei de mim nenhum canto radioso,
uma voz matinal palpitando na bruma
e que arranque de alguém seu mais secreto espinho.

De tudo quanto foi meu passo caprichoso
Na vida, restará, pois o resto se esfuma,
Uma pedra que havia em meio do caminho.

(ANDRADE, Carlos Drummond de, Claro enigma, São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2012, p. 19.) 

Text: “How to spot fake news”

Every time you're online, you are bombarded by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their story. Unfortunately, not all of these stories are true. Sometimes they want you to click on another story or advertisement at their own site, other times they want to upset people for political reasons. These days it's so easy to share information. These stories circulate quickly, and the result is … fake news.

There is a range of fake news: from crazy stories which people easily recognize to more subtle types of misinformation. Experts in media studies and online psychology have been examining the fake news phenomenon. Read these tips, and don't get fooled!

1. Check the source

Look at the website where the story comes from. Does it look real? Is the text well written? Are there a variety of other stories or is it just one story? Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but don't have many real stories about other topics. If you aren't sure, click on the 'About' page and look for a clear description of the organization.

2. Watch out for fake photos

Many fake news stories use images that are Photoshopped or taken from an unrelated site. Sometimes, if you just look closely at an image, you can see if it has been changed. Or use a tool like Google Reverse Image search. It will show you if the same image has been used in other contexts.

3. Check the story is in other places

Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isn't fake (although there are some exceptions), as many big news organizations try to check their sources before they publish a story.

4. Look for other signs

There are other techniques that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS and lots of ads that pop up when you click on a link. Also, think about how the story makes you feel. If the news story makes you angry, it's probably designed to make you angry.

If you know these things about online news, and can apply them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read, what to believe and most importantly what to share. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: don't share it!

Questions related to the text: “How to spot fake news”

Text: “How to spot fake news”

Every time you're online, you are bombarded by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their story. Unfortunately, not all of these stories are true. Sometimes they want you to click on another story or advertisement at their own site, other times they want to upset people for political reasons. These days it's so easy to share information. These stories circulate quickly, and the result is … fake news.

There is a range of fake news: from crazy stories which people easily recognize to more subtle types of misinformation. Experts in media studies and online psychology have been examining the fake news phenomenon. Read these tips, and don't get fooled!

1. Check the source

Look at the website where the story comes from. Does it look real? Is the text well written? Are there a variety of other stories or is it just one story? Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but don't have many real stories about other topics. If you aren't sure, click on the 'About' page and look for a clear description of the organization.

2. Watch out for fake photos

Many fake news stories use images that are Photoshopped or taken from an unrelated site. Sometimes, if you just look closely at an image, you can see if it has been changed. Or use a tool like Google Reverse Image search. It will show you if the same image has been used in other contexts.

3. Check the story is in other places

Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isn't fake (although there are some exceptions), as many big news organizations try to check their sources before they publish a story.

4. Look for other signs

There are other techniques that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS and lots of ads that pop up when you click on a link. Also, think about how the story makes you feel. If the news story makes you angry, it's probably designed to make you angry.

If you know these things about online news, and can apply them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read, what to believe and most importantly what to share. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: don't share it!

Questions related to the text: “How to spot fake news”

Text: “How to spot fake news”

Every time you're online, you are bombarded by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their story. Unfortunately, not all of these stories are true. Sometimes they want you to click on another story or advertisement at their own site, other times they want to upset people for political reasons. These days it's so easy to share information. These stories circulate quickly, and the result is … fake news.

There is a range of fake news: from crazy stories which people easily recognize to more subtle types of misinformation. Experts in media studies and online psychology have been examining the fake news phenomenon. Read these tips, and don't get fooled!

1. Check the source

Look at the website where the story comes from. Does it look real? Is the text well written? Are there a variety of other stories or is it just one story? Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but don't have many real stories about other topics. If you aren't sure, click on the 'About' page and look for a clear description of the organization.

2. Watch out for fake photos

Many fake news stories use images that are Photoshopped or taken from an unrelated site. Sometimes, if you just look closely at an image, you can see if it has been changed. Or use a tool like Google Reverse Image search. It will show you if the same image has been used in other contexts.

3. Check the story is in other places

Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isn't fake (although there are some exceptions), as many big news organizations try to check their sources before they publish a story.

4. Look for other signs

There are other techniques that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS and lots of ads that pop up when you click on a link. Also, think about how the story makes you feel. If the news story makes you angry, it's probably designed to make you angry.

If you know these things about online news, and can apply them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read, what to believe and most importantly what to share. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: don't share it!

Questions related to the text: “How to spot fake news”

Leia o texto abaixo para responder as questões 22 e 23.

A escola que não ensina

Os índices de educação no Brasil continuam a trazer más surpresas. Muitos falam no aumento da quantidade de crianças e jovens que vão às escolas. Mas por trás desse avanço do ingresso de alunos ainda estão muitas distorções. O IBGE revelou na semana passada que mais de 2,1 milhões de estudantes, com idade entre sete e 14 anos, podem ser considerados analfabetos. Em outras palavras: são jovens que frequentam ou estão matriculados em instituições de ensino, mas não estão aprendendo. O quadro é desolador: basta verificar que este número corresponde a 87,2% dos 2,4 milhões de analfabetos que o Brasil tem na faixa de idade entre sete e 14 anos. Os outros 300 mil estão à margem, absolutamente fora do sistema de ensino. Nos números do instituto dá para se notar ainda que cerca de 30% das crianças com sete anos matriculadas nas escolas não sabem ler e escrever. Essa é considerada a idade fundamental na trajetória de formação dos jovens. E logo nessa faixa etária os números não são nada animadores. Em especial quando se olha para a parte de cima do mapa. A desigualdade social e regional do País tem impacto forte nas estatísticas. No Nordeste do Brasil, o índice dos analfabetos de sete anos sobe para 44%. No Norte, para 39,6%.

O que o trabalho do IBGE traduz essencialmente é que as autoridades, o Estado e o sistema como um todo têm falhado no objetivo básico da educação. Seja pelo conteúdo didático inadequado, seja pela falta de investimentos na formação dos professores, pela má qualidade das estruturas educacionais ou pelo conjunto dessas deficiências. A educação, como todos sabem, é a pedra fundamental no desenvolvimento de qualquer país. E o Brasil tem demorado a fazer o salto de padrão nessa área – podendo vir a comprometer todo o resto. O orçamento destinado pelo governo para tirar o atraso, que vem de décadas de descaso, está longe do ideal. A sociedade, em um grande mutirão que reúna a iniciativa pública e privada, tem que se mobilizar para reverter essa realidade. E um dos caminhos é afastar da frente a ideia da escola que não ensina, que serve apenas como fachada de marketing para interesses eleitoreiros. Já seria um bom começo.

Carlos José Marques, (Revista Época) EDIÇÃO Nº 2710 22/12