Questões Militares de Inglês - Pronome relativo | Relative clauses

Foram encontradas 59 questões

Q2350475 Inglês
Text 1A2-II


         Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. About 6-7 million people worldwide are estimated to be infected with T. cruzi. The disease is found mainly in endemic areas of 21 continental Latin American countries, where it has been mostly transmitted to humans and other mammals by contact with feces or urine of triatomine bugs (vector-borne), known as kissing bugs, among many other popular names, depending on the geographical area.

        Chagas disease is named after Carlos Ribeiro Justiniano Chagas, a Brazilian physician and researcher who discovered the disease in 1909. Chagas disease was once entirely confined to continental rural areas of the Region of the Americas (excluding the Caribbean islands). Due to increased population mobility over previous decades, most infected people now live in urban settings and the infection has been increasingly detected in the United States of America, Canada, and many European and some African, Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific countries.

           Chagas disease’s transmission is caused by T. cruzi parasites, which are mainly transmitted by contact with feces/urine of infected blood-sucking triatomine bugs. Normally they hide during the day and become active at night when they feed on animal blood, including human blood. They usually bite an exposed area of skin such as the face (hence its common name, kissing bug), and the bug defecates or urinates close to the bite. The parasites enter the body when the person instinctively smears the bug’s feces or urine into the bite, other skin breaks, the eyes, or the mouth. T. cruzi can also be transmitted by consumption of food or beverages contaminated with T. cruzi through, for example, contact with feces or urine of infected triatomine bugs or common opossums. This kind of transmission typically causes outbreaks with more severe cases and mortality; passage from an infected mother to her newborn during pregnancy or childbirth; blood or blood product transfusion from infected donors; some organ transplants using organs from infected donors; and laboratory accidents.


Internet: <who.int>  (adapted). 
Regarding the transmission of Chagas disease, according to text 1A2-II, judge the following items.

I Blood product transfusion from infected donors can transmit the disease.
II The also called kissing bug’s feces and urine carry the protozoan parasite.
III Infected pregnant women cannot contaminate their babies during pregnancy or childbirth.
IV Contaminated food or drinks can transmit Chagas disease to people.

Choose the correct option. 
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Q2259748 Inglês
     Fricatives are consonants with the characteristic that air escapes through a narrow passage and makes a hissing sound. The dental fricatives are sometimes described as if the tongue were placed between the front teeth, and it is common for teachers to make their students do this when they are trying to teach them the sound. The thing is, however, that the tongue is normally placed behind the teeth; the air escapes through the gaps between the tongue and the teeth. There is a distiction between fortis (unvoiced) fricatives, as in the word “thin”, and lenis (voiced) fricatives, as in “thus”. (Roach 2003)

(Mark Roach,. English Phonetics and Phonology.
Cambridge: CUP, 2003. Adaptado)
There are several words with fricatives in the preceding text. The word with an unvoiced initial fricative is
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Q2259747 Inglês
Na frase “in situations where students are expected to learn English as an additional language”, a palavra destacada em negrito pode ser corretamente substituída por:
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Q2201222 Inglês
Read the text and answer the question.

Kids can show anxiety symptoms early on
Kristen Rogers - CNN

       Excessive clinginess to parents can be a sign a child is struggling with an anxiety disorder, experts have said.
        (...)
    Anxiety disorders are marked by persistent and excessive worries. While someone with generalized anxiety might worry about various everyday things, someone with social anxiety typically has ‘intense or persistent fears or worries about being judged negatively by other people’, said Rachel Busman, a New York-based clinical psychologist and cognitive and behavioral consultant _______ specialized in anxiety.
      One fifth of children worldwide have anxiety symptoms that are clinically elevated, or worse than what is considered normal, according to a 2011 study.
       Anxiety symptoms can be difficult to spot, but the sooner parents notice signs, the earlier mental health professionals ‘can help parents and kids understand what is happening’, said Dr. Rebecca Baum, a professor of general pediatrics and adolescent medicine at the University of North Carolina.
        Children with anxiety might begin to avoid anxietyinducing situations. This behavior can facilitate a cycle that makes their fears bigger and bigger.

Adapted from https://edition.cnn.com/2022/05/16/health/anxiety-earlysigns-in-kids-wellness/index.html
The correct word that completes the text is 
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Ano: 2016 Banca: UFPR Órgão: PM-PR Prova: UFPR - 2016 - PM-PR - Aspirante |
Q2015301 Inglês


Six things I learned from riding in a Google self-driving car


1 - Human beings are terrible drivers.

      We drink. We doze. We text. In the US, 30,000 people die from automobile accidents every year. Traffic crashes are the primary cause of death worldwide for people aged 15-24, and during a crash, 40% of drivers never even hit the brakes. We’re flawed organisms, barreling around at high speeds in vessels covered in glass, metal, distraction, and death. This is one of Google’s “moonshots” – to remove human error from a job which, for the past hundred years, has been entirely human.

2 - Google self-driving cars are timid.

        The car we rode in did not strike me as dangerous. It drove slowly and deliberately, and I got the impression that it’s more likely to annoy other drivers than to harm them. In the early versions they tested on closed courses, the vehicles were programmed to be highly aggressive. Apparently during these tests, which involved obstacle courses full of traffic cones and inflatable crash-test objects, there were a lot of screeching brakes, roaring engines and terrified interns.

3 - They’re cute.

        Google’s new fleet was intentionally designed to look adorable. Our brains are hardwired to treat inanimate (or animate) objects with greater care, caution, and reverence when they resemble a living thing. By turning self-driving cars into an adorable Skynet Marshmallow Bumper Bots, Google hopes to spiritually disarm other drivers. I also suspect the cuteness is used to quell some of the road rage that might emerge from being stuck behind one of these things. They’re intended as moderate-distance couriers, not openroad warriors, so their max speed is 25 miles per hour.

4 - It’s not done and it’s not perfect.

      Some of the scenarios autonomous vehicles have the most trouble with are the same human beings have the most trouble with, such as traversing four-way stops or handling a yellow light. The cars use a mixture of 3D laser-mapping, GPS, and radar to analyze and interpret their surroundings, and the latest versions are fully electric with a range of about 100 miles. Despite the advantages over a human being in certain scenarios, however, these cars still aren’t ready for the real world. They can’t drive in the snow or heavy rain, and there’s a variety of complex situations they do not process well, such as passing through a construction zone. Google is hoping that, eventually, the cars will be able to handle all of this as well (or better) than a human could.

5 - I want this technology to succeed, like… yesterday.

        I’m biased. Earlier this year my mom had a stroke. It damaged the visual cortex of her brain, and her vision was impaired to the point that she’ll probably never drive again. This reduced her from a fully-functional, independent human being with a career and a buzzing social life into someone who is homebound, disabled, and powerless. When discussing self-driving cars, people tend to ask many superficial questions. They ignore that 45% of disabled people in the US still work. They ignore that 95% of a car’s lifetime is spent parked. They ignore how this technology could transform the lives of the elderly, or eradicate the need for parking lots or garages or gas stations. They dismiss the entire concept because they don’t think a computer could ever be as good at merging on the freeway as they are. They ignore the great, big, beautiful picture: that this technology could make our lives so much better.

6 - It wasn’t an exhilarating ride, and that’s a good thing.

        Riding in a self-driving car is not the cybernetic thrill ride one might expect. The car drives like a person, and after a few minutes you forget that you’re being driven autonomously. You forget that a robot is differentiating cars from pedestrians from mopeds from raccoons. You forget that millions of photons are being fired from a laser and interpreting, processing, and reacting to the hand signals of a cyclist. You forget that instead of an organic brain, which has had millions of years to evolve the cognitive ability to fumble its way through a four-way stop, you’re being piloted by an artificial one, which was birthed in less than a decade. The unfortunate part of something this transformative is the inevitable, ardent stupidity which is going to erupt from the general public. Even if in a few years self-driving cars are proven to be ten times safer than human-operated cars, all it’s going to take is one tragic accident and the public is going to lose their minds. There will be outrage. There will be politicizing. There will be hashtags. I say look at the bigger picture. All the self-driving cars currently on the road learn from one another, and possess 40 years of driving experience. And this technology is still in its infancy.


(Adapted from:: <http://theoatmeal.com/blog/google_self_driving_car> . 21/08/2016.)

The word “they”, in boldface and underlined, in section 3, refers to: 
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Q1663216 Inglês
Which” (line 40) refers to
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Q1663211 Inglês
In “scientists were expecting that visit” (line 17), the underlined word has the same use as in
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Q1660116 Inglês
The idea of evolution (which is gradual change) was not a new one. The Greeks had thought of it, so Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles, and also the Frenchman, Lamarck. It is one thing to have an idea; we can all of us guess and sometimes make a lucky guess.  
The pronoun one, in the text, is classified as:
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Q1660115 Inglês
The idea of evolution (which is gradual change) was not a new one. The Greeks had thought of it, so Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles, and also the Frenchman, Lamarck. It is one thing to have an idea; we can all of us guess and sometimes make a lucky guess.  
The pronoun one, in bold in the text, refers to:
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Q1659872 Inglês

Corruption


    People all over the world complain about the corruption of police, government officials, and business leader. Three examples of corruption are:

    • a police officer takes money from a driver so he doesn’t give the driver a ticket for speeding.

    • a public official gives a government contract to a company in which he, or she has a financial interest.

    • a company that wants to do business with a government agency offers public official money, or a gift to choose that company for the job.

    Some people feel that power promotes corruption and that corruption is just an unavoidable part of human nature. But everyone agrees that it’s a terrible problem all over the world.

Adapted from Top Noch.

According to the text, the underlined word “which” is a_____________.
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Q1658449 Inglês

OXFAM AMERICA


    Oxfam stands for the Oxford Committee for Famine Relief. It was started in Oxford, England in 1942 in response to the European famine-related issues resulting from the Second World War. Ten other countries worldwide, including the United States and Australia, have started chapters of Oxfam. They make up what is known as Oxfam International.

    Oxfam America is dedicated to creating lasting solutions to hunger, poverty, and social injustice through long-term partnerships with poor communities around the world. As a privately funded organization, we can speak with conviction and integrity as we challenge the structural barriers that foster conflict and human suffering and limit people from gaining the skills, resources, and power to become self-sufficient.

    Oxfam implements various global projects that target areas particularly affected by hunger. The projects focus on developing self-sufficiency of the communities in which they are based, as opposed to merely providing relief in the form of food aid. Oxfam’s projects operate on the communal level, and are developed by evaluating issues causing poverty and hunger in the community and subsequently the possible infrastructure that could end hunger and foster the attainment of self-sufficiency. Examples of projects in which Oxfam America has been or is involved range from a women’s literacy program in India to providing microloans and agriculture education programs for small-scale organic farmers in California.

Adapted from http://students.brown.edu/Hourglass_Cafe/Pages/about.htm

In the sentence “The projects focus on developing self-sufficiency of the communities in which they are based.” (paragraph 3), the words in which and they consecutively refer to
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Q1613598 Inglês

Read the text below and answer the question.


Thought-in-Action Links


    It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.

    As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.

    However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:

    HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.

    JÜAN: What are you wearing?

    ANNA: I am wearing a dress.

    HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.

    ANNA: What are you writing?

    MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.

    This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado)

The fragment from the last paragraph “who was her supervisor” is an example of an adjective clause. Mark the alternative in which the deletion of the relative pronoun (and only the relative pronoun) is possible.
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Q997246 Inglês
Read the text to answer question.

The cabin crew battled to save the passenger 

Ben Graham

     Shocked passengers watched as doctors and cabin crew tried to save the life of a critically ill passenger on a Qantas flight to Sidney on Friday. 
    A Qantas spokeswoman confirmed that the passenger ________ received tratment during the medical emergency couldn’t survive. 
   The flight from London, via Singapore, was forced to land in Adelaide because of the incident. No passengers got off the flight while it was in Adelaide.
    A witness on board told that everything started with a cabin announcement asking for any doctors on board. There were two passengers with medical training, but nothing could be done to save the passenger. The crew did everything they could, including performing CPR with a doctor on board, but unfortunately the passenger has passed away.

Adapted from nypost.com

Fill in the blank with the correct relative pronoun.
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Q965880 Inglês

                        From Nail bars to car washes: how big

                             is the UK’s slavery problem?

                                                                                                  by Annie Kelly


      Does slavery exist in the UK?

      More than 250 years since the end of the transatlantic slave trade, there are close to 41 million people still trapped in some form of slavery across the world today. Yet nobody really knows the scale and how many victims or perpetrators of this crime there are in Britain.

      The data that has been released is inconsistent. The government believes there are about 13,000 victims of slavery in the UK, while earlier this year the Global Slavery Index released a much higher estimate of 136,000.

      Statistics on slavery from the National Crime Agency note the number of people passed on to the government’s national referral mechanism (NRM), the process by which victims of slavery are identified and granted statutory support. While this data gives a good snapshot of what kinds of slavery are most prevalent and who is falling victim to exploiters, it doesn’t paint the whole picture. For every victim identified by the police, there will be many others who are not found and remain under the control of traffickers, pimps and gangmasters.

      There are also many potential victims who don’t agree to go through the mechanism because they don’t trust the authorities, or are too scared to report their traffickers. Between 1 November 2015 and 30 June 2018, the government received notifications of 3,306 potential victims of modern slavery in England and Wales who were not referred to the NRM.

      […]

      The police recorded 3,773 modern slavery offences between June 2017 and June 2018.

      […]

(Source: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/ oct/18/nail-bars-car-washes-uk-slavery-problem-anti-slavery-day. Access: 20/10/2018)

Mark the option which Best describes the word “Who” as it appears in sentences like “There are also many potential victims who don’t agree to go through the mechanism (…)”.
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Q862185 Inglês
Choose the alternative that best completes the blank in the text:
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Q848706 Inglês
The best alternative to complete the text is:
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Q834781 Inglês
Choose the correct sentence.
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Q816555 Inglês

Read the text and answer question.


Choose the best alternative to complete the blank in the text (line 5).
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Q815255 Inglês

Fill in the blank with the correct pronoun.

“An archeologist is a man_____ work is the study of ancient things.”

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Ano: 2017 Banca: IDECAN Órgão: CBM-DF Provas: IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Serviço Social | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Engenharia Civil | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Enfermagem | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Nutrição | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Psiquiatria | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Medicina do Trabalho | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Pediatria | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Engenharia Elétrica | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Engenharia Mecânica | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Radiologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Biblioteconomia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Arquivologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Museologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Cirurgião-Dentista Endodontia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Cirurgião-Dentista Odontopediatria | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Cirurgião-Dentista Periodontia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Fisioterapia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Farmácia-Bioquímica | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Psicologia Clínica | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Complementar Psicologia Organizacional e do Trabalho | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Anestesiologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Cardiologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Cirurgia Vascular | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Ginecologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Ortopedia e Traumatologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Proctologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Otorrinolaringologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Reumatologia | IDECAN - 2017 - CBM-DF - 2º Tenente - Médico Urologia |
Q780391 Inglês

      American jazz is a trove of sounds borrowed from such varied sources as American and African folk music, European classical music, and Christian gospel songs. One of the recognizable traits of jazz is its use of improvisation: certain parts of the music are written out and played the same way by various performers, and other improvised parts are created spontaneously during a performance and vary widely from performer to performer.

      The root form of jazz was ragtime, lively songs or rags performed on the piano, and the best-known of the ragtime performers and composers was Scott Joplin. Born in the 1868 to former slaves, Scott Joplin earned his living from a very early age playing the piano in bars around the Mississippi. One of these regular jobs was in the Maple Leaf Club in Sedalia, Missouri. It was there that he began writing the more than 500 compositions that he was to produce, the most famous of which was “The Maple Leaf Rag”.

        (Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL, Deborah Philips Adapted.)

About the fragment “It was there that he began writing the more than 500 compositions that he was to produce” it is correct to state that:
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Respostas
1: B
2: A
3: B
4: A
5: A
6: B
7: C
8: B
9: D
10: D
11: E
12: B
13: A
14: E
15: B
16: C
17: D
18: D
19: A
20: D