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Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050868
Inglês
Which option completes the tips below correctly?
Leadership
- ______ way to lead is to lead by example. A good leader tells you how it’s done, a great one shows you how.
- As a leader,________ thing that you can give your team
members is your time. A lot of them will go through a bad
phase or will be clueless about what to do. At those times,
they need to know you are there.
- People will look up to you. At times, even for things in
which they are fa r________ than you. You don’t have to take
their decisions, just provide them your confidence so that
they can take their decisions.
((Abridged from: https://yourstory.com/mystory/4b6ce51011-85-things-ilearned-being-a-ceo)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050867
Inglês
Mark the correct option to complete the paragraph below.
The doctor ________ Peggy if she ________ the blood pressure pill. Peggy________ to the doctor that she _________ taking it several weeks before. The doctor ________ Peggy ________ taking the medicine again.
(Adapted from McAslan, Mary Sue. Read the Prescription Label. Balboa Press, 2012, p. 150-151)
The doctor ________ Peggy if she ________ the blood pressure pill. Peggy________ to the doctor that she _________ taking it several weeks before. The doctor ________ Peggy ________ taking the medicine again.
(Adapted from McAslan, Mary Sue. Read the Prescription Label. Balboa Press, 2012, p. 150-151)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050866
Inglês
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
After a particularly long week in Shanghai and Beijing, several of u s ________ on a United flight direct to Chicago on a late Friday afternoon. We ________ at the airport only to find out the company________ the flight right before takeoff.
(Adapted from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse)
After a particularly long week in Shanghai and Beijing, several of u s ________ on a United flight direct to Chicago on a late Friday afternoon. We ________ at the airport only to find out the company________ the flight right before takeoff.
(Adapted from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050865
Inglês
Mark the sentence that is correct.
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050864
Inglês
Which option completes the text below correctly?
Tips for a Healthy Diet
You ________ eat vegetables every day. Vegetables contain essential vitamins and substances that are very important for your organism. You ________ only eat what you like to eat because to stay healthy you also need to eat what your organism needs you to eat.
(Adapted from https://nexter.org/top-5-tips-for-a-healthy-diet)
Tips for a Healthy Diet
You ________ eat vegetables every day. Vegetables contain essential vitamins and substances that are very important for your organism. You ________ only eat what you like to eat because to stay healthy you also need to eat what your organism needs you to eat.
(Adapted from https://nexter.org/top-5-tips-for-a-healthy-diet)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050863
Inglês
Which word best completes the question below?
How________ do YOU look at your phone?
The average user now picks up their device more than 1,500 times a week.
(http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech)
How________ do YOU look at your phone?
The average user now picks up their device more than 1,500 times a week.
(http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050862
Inglês
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
A lawyer I worked ________ told me he was impressed because i wasn't afraid________ anything. I had no idea what he was talking ________. I'm scared ________ everything.
(Adapted from www.hrexaminer.com)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050861
Inglês
Which option completes the dialogue below correctly?
John: What’s the matter? Mary: My notebook isn’t working properly. I must call the technician and________ immediately.
John: What’s the matter? Mary: My notebook isn’t working properly. I must call the technician and________ immediately.
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050860
Inglês
Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?
The power of a thank-you note
Thank-you notes might seem old-fashioned ________ there's plenty of value to be found in the tradition. ________ a study by Accountemps, just 24% of job applicants send thank-you notes after interviews - ________ 80% of hiring managers who receive them say they are useful in evaluating the potential of applicants. Proponents of thank-you notes say they are an inexpensive way to strengthen a relationship ________ show the applicant cares about the job.
(Adapted from https://www.linkedin.com)
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050859
Inglês
Texto associado
Based on the text below, answer the six questions that
follow it. The paragraphs of the text are numbered.
If children lose contact with nature they won't
fight for it
[1] According to recent research, even if the
present rate of global decarbonisation were to double, we
would still be on course for 6°C of warming by the end of
the century. Limiting the rise to 2°C, which is the target of
current policies, requires a six-time reduction in carbon
intensity.
[2] A new report shows that the UK has lost 20% of
its breeding birds since 1966: once common species such
as willow tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and turtle doves
have all but collapsed; even house sparrows have fallen by
two thirds. Ash dieback is just one of many terrifying plant
diseases, mostly spread by trade. They now threaten our
oaks, pines and chestnuts.
[3] While the surveys show that the great majority
of people would like to see the living planet protected, few
are prepared to take action. This, I think, reflects a second
environmental crisis: the removal of children from the
natural world. The young people we might have expected
to lead the defence of nature have less and less to do with
it.
[4] We don't have to undervalue the indoor world,
which has its own rich ecosystem, to lament children's
disconnection from the outdoor world. But the experiences
the two spheres offer are entirely different. There is no
substitute for what takes place outdoors, mostly because
the greatest joys of nature are unplanned. The thought that
most of our children will never swim among
phosphorescent plankton at night, will never be startled by
a salmon leaping, or a dolphin breaching is almost as sad
as the thought that their children might not have the
opportunity.
[5] The remarkable collapse of children's
engagement with nature - which is even faster than the
collapse of the natural world - is recorded in Richard Louv's
book Last Child in the Woods, and in a report published
recently by the National Trust. Since the 1970s the area in
which children may roam without supervision has
decreased by almost 90%. In one generation the
proportion of children regularly playing in wild places in the
UK has fallen from more than half to fewer than one in 10.
In the US, in just six years (1997-2003) children with
particular outdoor hobbies fell by half. Eleven- to 15-year-olds in Britain now spend, on average, half their waking
day in front of a screen.
[6] There are several reasons for this collapse:
parents' irrational fear of strangers and rational fear of
traffic, the destruction of the fortifying lands where previous
generations played, the quality of indoor entertainment, the
structuring of children's time, the criminalisation of natural
play. The great indoors, as a result, has become a far
more dangerous place than the diminished world beyond.
[7] The rise of obesity and asthma and the decline
in cardio-respiratory fitness are well documented. Louv
also links the indoor life to an increase in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and other mental ill health. Research
conducted at the University of Illinois suggests that playing
among trees and grass is associated with a marked reduction in indications of ADHD, while playing indoors
appears to increase them. The disorder, Louv suggests,
"may be a set of symptoms aggravated by lack of exposure
to nature". Perhaps it's the environment, not the child, that
has gone wrong.
[8] In her famous essay the Ecology of Imagination
in Childhood, Edith Cobb proposed that contact with nature
stimulates creativity. Reviewing the biographies of 300
"geniuses", she exposed a common theme: intense
experiences of the natural world in the middle age of
childhood (between five and 12). Animals and plants, she
argued, are among "the figures of speech in the rhetoric of
play... which the genius, in particular of later life, seems to
remember".
[9] Studies in several nations show that children's
games are more creative in green places than in concrete
playgrounds. Natural spaces encourage fantasy and
roleplay, reasoning and observation. The social standing of
children there depends less on physical dominance, more
on inventiveness and language skills.
[10] And here we meet the other great loss. Most
of those I know who fight for nature are people who spent
their childhoods immersed in it. Without a feel for the
texture and function of the natural world, without an
intensity of engagement almost impossible in the absence
of early experience, people will not devote their lives to its
protection.
[11] Forest Schools, Outward Bound, Woodcraft
Folk, the John Muir Award, the Campaign for Adventure,
Natural Connections, family nature clubs and many others
are trying to bring children and the natural world back
together. But all of them are fighting forces which, if they
cannot be changed, will deprive the living planet of the
wonder and delight that for millennia have attracted
children to the wilds.
(Adapted from:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/19/children-lose-contact-with-nature)
According to the text, which option is correct?
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050858
Inglês
Texto associado
Based on the text below, answer the six questions that
follow it. The paragraphs of the text are numbered.
If children lose contact with nature they won't
fight for it
[1] According to recent research, even if the
present rate of global decarbonisation were to double, we
would still be on course for 6°C of warming by the end of
the century. Limiting the rise to 2°C, which is the target of
current policies, requires a six-time reduction in carbon
intensity.
[2] A new report shows that the UK has lost 20% of
its breeding birds since 1966: once common species such
as willow tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and turtle doves
have all but collapsed; even house sparrows have fallen by
two thirds. Ash dieback is just one of many terrifying plant
diseases, mostly spread by trade. They now threaten our
oaks, pines and chestnuts.
[3] While the surveys show that the great majority
of people would like to see the living planet protected, few
are prepared to take action. This, I think, reflects a second
environmental crisis: the removal of children from the
natural world. The young people we might have expected
to lead the defence of nature have less and less to do with
it.
[4] We don't have to undervalue the indoor world,
which has its own rich ecosystem, to lament children's
disconnection from the outdoor world. But the experiences
the two spheres offer are entirely different. There is no
substitute for what takes place outdoors, mostly because
the greatest joys of nature are unplanned. The thought that
most of our children will never swim among
phosphorescent plankton at night, will never be startled by
a salmon leaping, or a dolphin breaching is almost as sad
as the thought that their children might not have the
opportunity.
[5] The remarkable collapse of children's
engagement with nature - which is even faster than the
collapse of the natural world - is recorded in Richard Louv's
book Last Child in the Woods, and in a report published
recently by the National Trust. Since the 1970s the area in
which children may roam without supervision has
decreased by almost 90%. In one generation the
proportion of children regularly playing in wild places in the
UK has fallen from more than half to fewer than one in 10.
In the US, in just six years (1997-2003) children with
particular outdoor hobbies fell by half. Eleven- to 15-year-olds in Britain now spend, on average, half their waking
day in front of a screen.
[6] There are several reasons for this collapse:
parents' irrational fear of strangers and rational fear of
traffic, the destruction of the fortifying lands where previous
generations played, the quality of indoor entertainment, the
structuring of children's time, the criminalisation of natural
play. The great indoors, as a result, has become a far
more dangerous place than the diminished world beyond.
[7] The rise of obesity and asthma and the decline
in cardio-respiratory fitness are well documented. Louv
also links the indoor life to an increase in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and other mental ill health. Research
conducted at the University of Illinois suggests that playing
among trees and grass is associated with a marked reduction in indications of ADHD, while playing indoors
appears to increase them. The disorder, Louv suggests,
"may be a set of symptoms aggravated by lack of exposure
to nature". Perhaps it's the environment, not the child, that
has gone wrong.
[8] In her famous essay the Ecology of Imagination
in Childhood, Edith Cobb proposed that contact with nature
stimulates creativity. Reviewing the biographies of 300
"geniuses", she exposed a common theme: intense
experiences of the natural world in the middle age of
childhood (between five and 12). Animals and plants, she
argued, are among "the figures of speech in the rhetoric of
play... which the genius, in particular of later life, seems to
remember".
[9] Studies in several nations show that children's
games are more creative in green places than in concrete
playgrounds. Natural spaces encourage fantasy and
roleplay, reasoning and observation. The social standing of
children there depends less on physical dominance, more
on inventiveness and language skills.
[10] And here we meet the other great loss. Most
of those I know who fight for nature are people who spent
their childhoods immersed in it. Without a feel for the
texture and function of the natural world, without an
intensity of engagement almost impossible in the absence
of early experience, people will not devote their lives to its
protection.
[11] Forest Schools, Outward Bound, Woodcraft
Folk, the John Muir Award, the Campaign for Adventure,
Natural Connections, family nature clubs and many others
are trying to bring children and the natural world back
together. But all of them are fighting forces which, if they
cannot be changed, will deprive the living planet of the
wonder and delight that for millennia have attracted
children to the wilds.
(Adapted from:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/19/children-lose-contact-with-nature)
In paragraph 9, the word "there” refers to
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050857
Inglês
Texto associado
Based on the text below, answer the six questions that
follow it. The paragraphs of the text are numbered.
If children lose contact with nature they won't
fight for it
[1] According to recent research, even if the
present rate of global decarbonisation were to double, we
would still be on course for 6°C of warming by the end of
the century. Limiting the rise to 2°C, which is the target of
current policies, requires a six-time reduction in carbon
intensity.
[2] A new report shows that the UK has lost 20% of
its breeding birds since 1966: once common species such
as willow tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and turtle doves
have all but collapsed; even house sparrows have fallen by
two thirds. Ash dieback is just one of many terrifying plant
diseases, mostly spread by trade. They now threaten our
oaks, pines and chestnuts.
[3] While the surveys show that the great majority
of people would like to see the living planet protected, few
are prepared to take action. This, I think, reflects a second
environmental crisis: the removal of children from the
natural world. The young people we might have expected
to lead the defence of nature have less and less to do with
it.
[4] We don't have to undervalue the indoor world,
which has its own rich ecosystem, to lament children's
disconnection from the outdoor world. But the experiences
the two spheres offer are entirely different. There is no
substitute for what takes place outdoors, mostly because
the greatest joys of nature are unplanned. The thought that
most of our children will never swim among
phosphorescent plankton at night, will never be startled by
a salmon leaping, or a dolphin breaching is almost as sad
as the thought that their children might not have the
opportunity.
[5] The remarkable collapse of children's
engagement with nature - which is even faster than the
collapse of the natural world - is recorded in Richard Louv's
book Last Child in the Woods, and in a report published
recently by the National Trust. Since the 1970s the area in
which children may roam without supervision has
decreased by almost 90%. In one generation the
proportion of children regularly playing in wild places in the
UK has fallen from more than half to fewer than one in 10.
In the US, in just six years (1997-2003) children with
particular outdoor hobbies fell by half. Eleven- to 15-year-olds in Britain now spend, on average, half their waking
day in front of a screen.
[6] There are several reasons for this collapse:
parents' irrational fear of strangers and rational fear of
traffic, the destruction of the fortifying lands where previous
generations played, the quality of indoor entertainment, the
structuring of children's time, the criminalisation of natural
play. The great indoors, as a result, has become a far
more dangerous place than the diminished world beyond.
[7] The rise of obesity and asthma and the decline
in cardio-respiratory fitness are well documented. Louv
also links the indoor life to an increase in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and other mental ill health. Research
conducted at the University of Illinois suggests that playing
among trees and grass is associated with a marked reduction in indications of ADHD, while playing indoors
appears to increase them. The disorder, Louv suggests,
"may be a set of symptoms aggravated by lack of exposure
to nature". Perhaps it's the environment, not the child, that
has gone wrong.
[8] In her famous essay the Ecology of Imagination
in Childhood, Edith Cobb proposed that contact with nature
stimulates creativity. Reviewing the biographies of 300
"geniuses", she exposed a common theme: intense
experiences of the natural world in the middle age of
childhood (between five and 12). Animals and plants, she
argued, are among "the figures of speech in the rhetoric of
play... which the genius, in particular of later life, seems to
remember".
[9] Studies in several nations show that children's
games are more creative in green places than in concrete
playgrounds. Natural spaces encourage fantasy and
roleplay, reasoning and observation. The social standing of
children there depends less on physical dominance, more
on inventiveness and language skills.
[10] And here we meet the other great loss. Most
of those I know who fight for nature are people who spent
their childhoods immersed in it. Without a feel for the
texture and function of the natural world, without an
intensity of engagement almost impossible in the absence
of early experience, people will not devote their lives to its
protection.
[11] Forest Schools, Outward Bound, Woodcraft
Folk, the John Muir Award, the Campaign for Adventure,
Natural Connections, family nature clubs and many others
are trying to bring children and the natural world back
together. But all of them are fighting forces which, if they
cannot be changed, will deprive the living planet of the
wonder and delight that for millennia have attracted
children to the wilds.
(Adapted from:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/19/children-lose-contact-with-nature)
According to the text, which option is correct?
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050856
Inglês
Texto associado
Based on the text below, answer the six questions that
follow it. The paragraphs of the text are numbered.
If children lose contact with nature they won't
fight for it
[1] According to recent research, even if the
present rate of global decarbonisation were to double, we
would still be on course for 6°C of warming by the end of
the century. Limiting the rise to 2°C, which is the target of
current policies, requires a six-time reduction in carbon
intensity.
[2] A new report shows that the UK has lost 20% of
its breeding birds since 1966: once common species such
as willow tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and turtle doves
have all but collapsed; even house sparrows have fallen by
two thirds. Ash dieback is just one of many terrifying plant
diseases, mostly spread by trade. They now threaten our
oaks, pines and chestnuts.
[3] While the surveys show that the great majority
of people would like to see the living planet protected, few
are prepared to take action. This, I think, reflects a second
environmental crisis: the removal of children from the
natural world. The young people we might have expected
to lead the defence of nature have less and less to do with
it.
[4] We don't have to undervalue the indoor world,
which has its own rich ecosystem, to lament children's
disconnection from the outdoor world. But the experiences
the two spheres offer are entirely different. There is no
substitute for what takes place outdoors, mostly because
the greatest joys of nature are unplanned. The thought that
most of our children will never swim among
phosphorescent plankton at night, will never be startled by
a salmon leaping, or a dolphin breaching is almost as sad
as the thought that their children might not have the
opportunity.
[5] The remarkable collapse of children's
engagement with nature - which is even faster than the
collapse of the natural world - is recorded in Richard Louv's
book Last Child in the Woods, and in a report published
recently by the National Trust. Since the 1970s the area in
which children may roam without supervision has
decreased by almost 90%. In one generation the
proportion of children regularly playing in wild places in the
UK has fallen from more than half to fewer than one in 10.
In the US, in just six years (1997-2003) children with
particular outdoor hobbies fell by half. Eleven- to 15-year-olds in Britain now spend, on average, half their waking
day in front of a screen.
[6] There are several reasons for this collapse:
parents' irrational fear of strangers and rational fear of
traffic, the destruction of the fortifying lands where previous
generations played, the quality of indoor entertainment, the
structuring of children's time, the criminalisation of natural
play. The great indoors, as a result, has become a far
more dangerous place than the diminished world beyond.
[7] The rise of obesity and asthma and the decline
in cardio-respiratory fitness are well documented. Louv
also links the indoor life to an increase in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and other mental ill health. Research
conducted at the University of Illinois suggests that playing
among trees and grass is associated with a marked reduction in indications of ADHD, while playing indoors
appears to increase them. The disorder, Louv suggests,
"may be a set of symptoms aggravated by lack of exposure
to nature". Perhaps it's the environment, not the child, that
has gone wrong.
[8] In her famous essay the Ecology of Imagination
in Childhood, Edith Cobb proposed that contact with nature
stimulates creativity. Reviewing the biographies of 300
"geniuses", she exposed a common theme: intense
experiences of the natural world in the middle age of
childhood (between five and 12). Animals and plants, she
argued, are among "the figures of speech in the rhetoric of
play... which the genius, in particular of later life, seems to
remember".
[9] Studies in several nations show that children's
games are more creative in green places than in concrete
playgrounds. Natural spaces encourage fantasy and
roleplay, reasoning and observation. The social standing of
children there depends less on physical dominance, more
on inventiveness and language skills.
[10] And here we meet the other great loss. Most
of those I know who fight for nature are people who spent
their childhoods immersed in it. Without a feel for the
texture and function of the natural world, without an
intensity of engagement almost impossible in the absence
of early experience, people will not devote their lives to its
protection.
[11] Forest Schools, Outward Bound, Woodcraft
Folk, the John Muir Award, the Campaign for Adventure,
Natural Connections, family nature clubs and many others
are trying to bring children and the natural world back
together. But all of them are fighting forces which, if they
cannot be changed, will deprive the living planet of the
wonder and delight that for millennia have attracted
children to the wilds.
(Adapted from:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/19/children-lose-contact-with-nature)
According to the text, which option is correct?
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050855
Inglês
Texto associado
Based on the text below, answer the six questions that
follow it. The paragraphs of the text are numbered.
If children lose contact with nature they won't
fight for it
[1] According to recent research, even if the
present rate of global decarbonisation were to double, we
would still be on course for 6°C of warming by the end of
the century. Limiting the rise to 2°C, which is the target of
current policies, requires a six-time reduction in carbon
intensity.
[2] A new report shows that the UK has lost 20% of
its breeding birds since 1966: once common species such
as willow tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and turtle doves
have all but collapsed; even house sparrows have fallen by
two thirds. Ash dieback is just one of many terrifying plant
diseases, mostly spread by trade. They now threaten our
oaks, pines and chestnuts.
[3] While the surveys show that the great majority
of people would like to see the living planet protected, few
are prepared to take action. This, I think, reflects a second
environmental crisis: the removal of children from the
natural world. The young people we might have expected
to lead the defence of nature have less and less to do with
it.
[4] We don't have to undervalue the indoor world,
which has its own rich ecosystem, to lament children's
disconnection from the outdoor world. But the experiences
the two spheres offer are entirely different. There is no
substitute for what takes place outdoors, mostly because
the greatest joys of nature are unplanned. The thought that
most of our children will never swim among
phosphorescent plankton at night, will never be startled by
a salmon leaping, or a dolphin breaching is almost as sad
as the thought that their children might not have the
opportunity.
[5] The remarkable collapse of children's
engagement with nature - which is even faster than the
collapse of the natural world - is recorded in Richard Louv's
book Last Child in the Woods, and in a report published
recently by the National Trust. Since the 1970s the area in
which children may roam without supervision has
decreased by almost 90%. In one generation the
proportion of children regularly playing in wild places in the
UK has fallen from more than half to fewer than one in 10.
In the US, in just six years (1997-2003) children with
particular outdoor hobbies fell by half. Eleven- to 15-year-olds in Britain now spend, on average, half their waking
day in front of a screen.
[6] There are several reasons for this collapse:
parents' irrational fear of strangers and rational fear of
traffic, the destruction of the fortifying lands where previous
generations played, the quality of indoor entertainment, the
structuring of children's time, the criminalisation of natural
play. The great indoors, as a result, has become a far
more dangerous place than the diminished world beyond.
[7] The rise of obesity and asthma and the decline
in cardio-respiratory fitness are well documented. Louv
also links the indoor life to an increase in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and other mental ill health. Research
conducted at the University of Illinois suggests that playing
among trees and grass is associated with a marked reduction in indications of ADHD, while playing indoors
appears to increase them. The disorder, Louv suggests,
"may be a set of symptoms aggravated by lack of exposure
to nature". Perhaps it's the environment, not the child, that
has gone wrong.
[8] In her famous essay the Ecology of Imagination
in Childhood, Edith Cobb proposed that contact with nature
stimulates creativity. Reviewing the biographies of 300
"geniuses", she exposed a common theme: intense
experiences of the natural world in the middle age of
childhood (between five and 12). Animals and plants, she
argued, are among "the figures of speech in the rhetoric of
play... which the genius, in particular of later life, seems to
remember".
[9] Studies in several nations show that children's
games are more creative in green places than in concrete
playgrounds. Natural spaces encourage fantasy and
roleplay, reasoning and observation. The social standing of
children there depends less on physical dominance, more
on inventiveness and language skills.
[10] And here we meet the other great loss. Most
of those I know who fight for nature are people who spent
their childhoods immersed in it. Without a feel for the
texture and function of the natural world, without an
intensity of engagement almost impossible in the absence
of early experience, people will not devote their lives to its
protection.
[11] Forest Schools, Outward Bound, Woodcraft
Folk, the John Muir Award, the Campaign for Adventure,
Natural Connections, family nature clubs and many others
are trying to bring children and the natural world back
together. But all of them are fighting forces which, if they
cannot be changed, will deprive the living planet of the
wonder and delight that for millennia have attracted
children to the wilds.
(Adapted from:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/19/children-lose-contact-with-nature)
What’s the meaning of the word “engagement” in
paragraph 5?
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050854
Inglês
Texto associado
Based on the text below, answer the six questions that
follow it. The paragraphs of the text are numbered.
If children lose contact with nature they won't
fight for it
[1] According to recent research, even if the
present rate of global decarbonisation were to double, we
would still be on course for 6°C of warming by the end of
the century. Limiting the rise to 2°C, which is the target of
current policies, requires a six-time reduction in carbon
intensity.
[2] A new report shows that the UK has lost 20% of
its breeding birds since 1966: once common species such
as willow tits, lesser spotted woodpeckers and turtle doves
have all but collapsed; even house sparrows have fallen by
two thirds. Ash dieback is just one of many terrifying plant
diseases, mostly spread by trade. They now threaten our
oaks, pines and chestnuts.
[3] While the surveys show that the great majority
of people would like to see the living planet protected, few
are prepared to take action. This, I think, reflects a second
environmental crisis: the removal of children from the
natural world. The young people we might have expected
to lead the defence of nature have less and less to do with
it.
[4] We don't have to undervalue the indoor world,
which has its own rich ecosystem, to lament children's
disconnection from the outdoor world. But the experiences
the two spheres offer are entirely different. There is no
substitute for what takes place outdoors, mostly because
the greatest joys of nature are unplanned. The thought that
most of our children will never swim among
phosphorescent plankton at night, will never be startled by
a salmon leaping, or a dolphin breaching is almost as sad
as the thought that their children might not have the
opportunity.
[5] The remarkable collapse of children's
engagement with nature - which is even faster than the
collapse of the natural world - is recorded in Richard Louv's
book Last Child in the Woods, and in a report published
recently by the National Trust. Since the 1970s the area in
which children may roam without supervision has
decreased by almost 90%. In one generation the
proportion of children regularly playing in wild places in the
UK has fallen from more than half to fewer than one in 10.
In the US, in just six years (1997-2003) children with
particular outdoor hobbies fell by half. Eleven- to 15-year-olds in Britain now spend, on average, half their waking
day in front of a screen.
[6] There are several reasons for this collapse:
parents' irrational fear of strangers and rational fear of
traffic, the destruction of the fortifying lands where previous
generations played, the quality of indoor entertainment, the
structuring of children's time, the criminalisation of natural
play. The great indoors, as a result, has become a far
more dangerous place than the diminished world beyond.
[7] The rise of obesity and asthma and the decline
in cardio-respiratory fitness are well documented. Louv
also links the indoor life to an increase in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder and other mental ill health. Research
conducted at the University of Illinois suggests that playing
among trees and grass is associated with a marked reduction in indications of ADHD, while playing indoors
appears to increase them. The disorder, Louv suggests,
"may be a set of symptoms aggravated by lack of exposure
to nature". Perhaps it's the environment, not the child, that
has gone wrong.
[8] In her famous essay the Ecology of Imagination
in Childhood, Edith Cobb proposed that contact with nature
stimulates creativity. Reviewing the biographies of 300
"geniuses", she exposed a common theme: intense
experiences of the natural world in the middle age of
childhood (between five and 12). Animals and plants, she
argued, are among "the figures of speech in the rhetoric of
play... which the genius, in particular of later life, seems to
remember".
[9] Studies in several nations show that children's
games are more creative in green places than in concrete
playgrounds. Natural spaces encourage fantasy and
roleplay, reasoning and observation. The social standing of
children there depends less on physical dominance, more
on inventiveness and language skills.
[10] And here we meet the other great loss. Most
of those I know who fight for nature are people who spent
their childhoods immersed in it. Without a feel for the
texture and function of the natural world, without an
intensity of engagement almost impossible in the absence
of early experience, people will not devote their lives to its
protection.
[11] Forest Schools, Outward Bound, Woodcraft
Folk, the John Muir Award, the Campaign for Adventure,
Natural Connections, family nature clubs and many others
are trying to bring children and the natural world back
together. But all of them are fighting forces which, if they
cannot be changed, will deprive the living planet of the
wonder and delight that for millennia have attracted
children to the wilds.
(Adapted from:
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/nov/19/children-lose-contact-with-nature)
According to the text, which option completes the sentence
below correctly?
The current policies aim at a ________ in the rise of temperatures by the end of the century.
The current policies aim at a ________ in the rise of temperatures by the end of the century.
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050853
Matemática
Uma loja de bombons está com o seguinte cartaz de
promoção: “compre x bombons e ganhe x% de desconto”.
A promoção é válida para compras de até 60 bombons,
caso em que é concedido o desconto máximo de 60 %.
Maria, Flávio, Gisele, Felipe, Evandro e Diego compram
53,40,33,47,38 e 57 bombons, respectivamente. Nessas
condições, assinale a opção que apresenta o nome das
pessoas que poderiam ter comprado mais bombons e
pago a mesma quantia inicial.
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050852
Matemática
Considere um conjunto de números inteiros
A = {1,2,3, ...,n}, com n elementos. Se retirarmos um
número do conjunto A, a média aritmética dos elementos
restante é 16,4. Sabendo que p é o número que foi
retirado, determine |p - n| e assinale a opção correta.
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050851
Matemática
Sabendo que f é uma função definida por f{x) = xx e que
D é o domínio de f, é correto afirmar que:
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050850
Matemática
Três amigos marcam um encontro na frente do estádio
Nilton Santos para assistir a uma partida de futebol. Eles
combinaram que cada um deverá chegar em um momento
escolhido entre 15h00 e 16h00 e que nenhum deles
esperará mais de 30 minutos pelos demais, dentro do
horário estipulado. Qua é a probabilidade de que os três
amigos se encontrem entre 15h00 e 16h00?
Ano: 2019
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2019 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1050849
Matemática
Considere que para obter a posição de um navio,
navegando em um canal, faz-se o uso de três retas. Essas
retas são tomadas sob o olhar de três pontos notáveis e
de três marcações angulares feitas por vigias no navio,
sempre com o navio em movimento. As interseções
dessas retas geram uma região triangular de área X e não
acontecem em um único ponto. A região triangular é
chamada de triângulo de incerteza e quanto menor o valor
de X melhor é a precisão da marcação da posição do
navio no canal. Suponha que depois de feitas as
marcações as três retas obtidas tenham as equações
r1: 2x + y - 6 = 0, r2: (1/2,1) + t (1/6,1), t ∈ ℜ, e r3: 
, λ ∈ ℜ. Sendo assim, assinale a opção que indica a área da
região triangular X determinadas por r1, r2 e r3.
, λ ∈ ℜ. Sendo assim, assinale a opção que indica a área da
região triangular X determinadas por r1, r2 e r3. 
Conheça nossos planos