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Q1623380 Inglês
The ways Mexicans tell time


Understanding this takes not a fluency in the language but rather a fluency in Mexican culture.

Mexicans are famous in the Spanish-speaking world for their extensive use of the diminutive. While in most Spanish-speaking countries the addition of the diminutive ‘ita’ to an adverb like ahora (meaning ‘now’) would strengthen it to indicate immediacy (i.e. ‘right now’), this is not the case in Mexico. Dr Company explained that Mexicans instead use the diminutive form to break down the space between the speaker and the listener and lessen formality. In this case of ‘ahorita’, the addition of the diminutive reduces urgency rather than increasing it – a difference that can be extremely confusing for foreigners. 


(Disponível: <http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20170725-the-confusing-way-mexicans-tell-time>. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.)
Consider the following affirmatives:

1. The use of the diminutive in Mexico does not follow the same rules for other Spanish speaking countries.
2. Dr Company says that Mexicans use ‘ahorita’ to indicate immediacy.
3. The use of the diminutive in Mexico indicates more proximity between speaker and listener.
4. The ‘ahorita’ example indicates the particular way Mexicans have adapted language to their cultural patterns.

Choose the correct alternative.
Alternativas
Q1613607 Inglês

Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


    An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.

     (...)

    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)

The fragment “when they are expected to”, which ends the text, is an instance of passive voice. According to Celce-Murcia and Larsen-Freeman (1999), there are semantic constraints that make the transformation from passive to active voice inadequate. Select the alternative which represents one such situation.
Alternativas
Q1613606 Inglês

Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


    An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.

     (...)

    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)

In the context of the first paragraph, the expression “taken aback” means the secretary was
Alternativas
Q1613605 Inglês

Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


    An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.

     (...)

    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)

The expression “drop by” belongs to a category called phrasal verbs (verb + particle). Sometimes verb and particle can be separated, sometimes they cannot. Choose the alternative that displays a separable phrasal verb.
Alternativas
Q1613603 Inglês

Read the following extract to answer question.

 

   Innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s has been stimulated by a special concern for the language learning process. New methods propose that language learning is best served when students are interacting – completing a task or learning content or resolving real-life issues – where linguistic structures are not taught one by one, but where attention to linguistic form is given as necessary. These views of language learning have been informed by research in second language acquisition. Also giving learning a special focus are methodological innovations of the late 1980s and 1990s. These include teaching learning strategies, using cooperative learning, and planning lessons in such a way that different intelligences are addressed.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000)

In the fragment “These include teaching learning strategies”, the referent of the underlined word is:
Alternativas
Respostas
951: E
952: B
953: C
954: C
955: D