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Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PM-AL
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PM-AL - Aspirante da Polícia Militar - Prova Anulada |
Q1814790
Inglês
Texto associado
The landscape where the São Francisco River enters the Atlantic Ocean seems so out of place it makes one wonder if this is still coastal Brazil. White sand dunes stretch as far as the eye can see; clusters of cashew trees throw flickering shadows like ocean waves on the sand.
Here among these shifting dunes formerly enslaved men and women founded the Pixaim Quilombo near the mouth of the river. They developed a reliable sustainable lifestyle and community well attuned to the dynamic, always changing estuary.
But it is a lifestyle utterly dependent on the São Francisco River; reliant on the planting of rice in marshes downstream and on catching plentiful freshwater fish upstream.
Now, varied and growing water demands by upstream dams and other users are threatening the long-established quilombo lifestyle — demands that experts predict will worsen severely in Brazil’s Northeast.
“We used to catch fish that were meters long, but now you have to go much farther up the river to find them,” remembers 84-year-old Aladim, who lives in Pixaim. “The fish left, so the people left,” he remarks.
Internet: <news.mongabay.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following item.
In “The landscape where the São Francisco River enters the
Atlantic Ocean seems so out of place it makes one wonder if
this is still coastal Brazil” (first paragraph), the word “one”
means one specific special person.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PM-AL
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PM-AL - Aspirante da Polícia Militar - Prova Anulada |
Q1814789
Inglês
Texto associado
The landscape where the São Francisco River enters the Atlantic Ocean seems so out of place it makes one wonder if this is still coastal Brazil. White sand dunes stretch as far as the eye can see; clusters of cashew trees throw flickering shadows like ocean waves on the sand.
Here among these shifting dunes formerly enslaved men and women founded the Pixaim Quilombo near the mouth of the river. They developed a reliable sustainable lifestyle and community well attuned to the dynamic, always changing estuary.
But it is a lifestyle utterly dependent on the São Francisco River; reliant on the planting of rice in marshes downstream and on catching plentiful freshwater fish upstream.
Now, varied and growing water demands by upstream dams and other users are threatening the long-established quilombo lifestyle — demands that experts predict will worsen severely in Brazil’s Northeast.
“We used to catch fish that were meters long, but now you have to go much farther up the river to find them,” remembers 84-year-old Aladim, who lives in Pixaim. “The fish left, so the people left,” he remarks.
Internet: <news.mongabay.com> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following item.
The text explains how the economic activities performed by the people of Pixaim is damaging the flow of the river São Francisco.
The text explains how the economic activities performed by the people of Pixaim is damaging the flow of the river São Francisco.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PM-AL
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PM-AL - Aspirante da Polícia Militar - Prova Anulada |
Q1814788
Inglês
Texto associado
The body of officers representing the civil authority of
government is known as police. Police typically are responsible
for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and
preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These
functions are known as policing. Police are often also entrusted
with various licensing and regulatory activities. However, police
scholars have criticized this popular understanding of the word
“police” — that it refers to members of a public organization
having the legal competence to maintain order and enforce the
law — for two reasons. First, it defines police by their ends rather
than by the specific means that they use to achieve their goals.
Second, the variety of situations in which police are asked to
intervene is much greater than law enforcement and order
maintenance.
There is now a consensus among researchers that the
common feature among all the different agencies engaged in
policing is the legal competence to enforce coercive,
nonnegotiable measures to resolve problematic situations. Such
situations are characterized by their potential for harm and the
need to solve them urgently before they develop that potential.
Hence, the actual use of coercion or the threat of using it allows
police to put a quick, nonnegotiated, and conclusive end to
problematic situations.
Internet: <www.britannica.com> (adapted).
Based on the text above, judge the following item.
In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the word
“actual” means present.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PM-AL
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PM-AL - Aspirante da Polícia Militar - Prova Anulada |
Q1814787
Inglês
Texto associado
The body of officers representing the civil authority of
government is known as police. Police typically are responsible
for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and
preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These
functions are known as policing. Police are often also entrusted
with various licensing and regulatory activities. However, police
scholars have criticized this popular understanding of the word
“police” — that it refers to members of a public organization
having the legal competence to maintain order and enforce the
law — for two reasons. First, it defines police by their ends rather
than by the specific means that they use to achieve their goals.
Second, the variety of situations in which police are asked to
intervene is much greater than law enforcement and order
maintenance.
There is now a consensus among researchers that the
common feature among all the different agencies engaged in
policing is the legal competence to enforce coercive,
nonnegotiable measures to resolve problematic situations. Such
situations are characterized by their potential for harm and the
need to solve them urgently before they develop that potential.
Hence, the actual use of coercion or the threat of using it allows
police to put a quick, nonnegotiated, and conclusive end to
problematic situations.
Internet: <www.britannica.com> (adapted).
Based on the text above, judge the following item.
In the first paragraph, the excerpt “that it refers to members
of a public organization having the legal competence to
maintain order and enforce the law” reinforces which
meaning of the word “police” is condemned by police
scholars.
Ano: 2021
Banca:
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão:
PM-AL
Prova:
CESPE / CEBRASPE - 2021 - PM-AL - Aspirante da Polícia Militar - Prova Anulada |
Q1814786
Inglês
Texto associado
The body of officers representing the civil authority of
government is known as police. Police typically are responsible
for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and
preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These
functions are known as policing. Police are often also entrusted
with various licensing and regulatory activities. However, police
scholars have criticized this popular understanding of the word
“police” — that it refers to members of a public organization
having the legal competence to maintain order and enforce the
law — for two reasons. First, it defines police by their ends rather
than by the specific means that they use to achieve their goals.
Second, the variety of situations in which police are asked to
intervene is much greater than law enforcement and order
maintenance.
There is now a consensus among researchers that the
common feature among all the different agencies engaged in
policing is the legal competence to enforce coercive,
nonnegotiable measures to resolve problematic situations. Such
situations are characterized by their potential for harm and the
need to solve them urgently before they develop that potential.
Hence, the actual use of coercion or the threat of using it allows
police to put a quick, nonnegotiated, and conclusive end to
problematic situations.
Internet: <www.britannica.com> (adapted).
Based on the text above, judge the following item.
According to the view presented in the second paragraph, the
main characteristic of police agencies is the competence to
deal with potentially harmful circumstances.
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