Questões Militares Para magistério superior

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Q1778243 Português

Leia a tira para responder à questão.


(Mauricio de Sousa. Turma da Mônica. http://turmadamonica.uol.com.br/ donasdarua/hqs.php. Acesso em 08.07.2020)

Na relação entre Mônica e Cebolinha, o segundo quadrinho apresenta um
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Q1778242 Português

Para a questão, considere a tirinha “Mocoronga vírus”. 



(https://nanquim.com.br/category/tirinhas/. Acesso em 08.07.2020)

Segundo Travaglia (In: Marquesi, Pauliukonis e Elias, 2017, p. 75), “O cruzamento ou fusão ocorre quando dois ou mais tipos de textos de tipologias diferentes ocupam o mesmo espaço textual”.
Desse modo, é correto dizer que a composição da tirinha, além de imagens visuais, faz-se, predominantemente, por um cruzamento de tipos
Alternativas
Q1778241 Português

Para a questão, considere a tirinha “Mocoronga vírus”. 



(https://nanquim.com.br/category/tirinhas/. Acesso em 08.07.2020)

Considere as observações de Travaglia (In: Marquesi, Pauliukonis e Elias, 2017, p. 78):
“(…) é o caso das histórias em quadrinhos e das tiras que além da língua utilizam imagens (geralmente desenhos) que apresentam personagens, dispensando a descrição, cenários, atitudes, ações e ainda representam formas de linguagem utilizada face a face (como gestos e expressões fisionômicas), já que esses gêneros geralmente trazem um diálogo.”
A sequência que apresenta um confronto entre o coronavírus e um “herói” é do gênero das tiras e se constrói por tipos que são
Alternativas
Q1778240 Português

Para a questão, considere a tirinha “Mocoronga vírus”. 



(https://nanquim.com.br/category/tirinhas/. Acesso em 08.07.2020)

Para responder à questão, leia também o texto:
“… a compreensão de um texto é um processo que se caracteriza pela utilização de conhecimento prévio: o leitor utiliza na leitura o que ele já sabe, o conhecimento adquirido ao longo da vida. É mediante a interação de diversos níveis de conhecimento, como o conhecimento linguístico, o textual, o conhecimento de mundo, que o leitor consegue construir o sentido do texto. É porque o eleitor utiliza justamente diversos níveis de conhecimento que interagem entre si, a leitura é considerada um processo interativo. Pode-se dizer que sem o engajamento prévio do leitor não haverá compreensão”.
(Kleiman, 2005, p. 13)
Na sequência dos quadrinhos, o conhecimento prévio considera que o leitor tenha, além de conhecimentos linguísticos, o conhecimento de todo um contexto. Assim, para a construção de sentido, é necessário que o leitor se utilize de informações
Alternativas
Q1778239 Português
Leia o texto para responder à questão.
Conquistar o diploma universitário, arranjar emprego, sair da casa dos pais. É um desenrolar natural do ciclo da vida para aqueles jovens já com alguma renda. Certo? Não, muitos jovens preferem manter-se na casa dos pais.
(Veja, 8 de julho de 2020, p. 62. Adaptado)
Koch e Elias (2011, p. 152-173) tratam da sequenciação textual, indicando “os diversos tipos de atividades realizadas pelo produtor para fazer o texto progredir, mantendo o fio discursivo”. Assim, de acordo com as autoras, a sequenciação desse texto caracteriza-se por
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Q1778237 Português

Veja: Os professores sairão mais valorizados desta pandemia?


Alexandre Schneider: Será importante a retomada do respeito pela profissão, da autoridade do professor em sala de aula. Obviamente, quando os pais participam, a escola fica melhor. Mas a participação deles tem de ser na melhora no coletivo. Entretanto muitos atravessam a fronteira e entendem que eles têm de dizer como o professor deve exercer o seu ofício. Ou, mais grave, entendem que o professor não tem o direito de chamar a atenção de um estudante. Talvez este seja um bom momento de reflexão. Estamos vendo com os nossos filhos como é difícil colocá-los na frente de um computador ou de um tablet para as tarefas escolares.


(Alexandre Schneider. Enem deveria ser transferido para o meio do ano que

vem. Veja São Paulo, 8 de julho de 2020, p.15. Adaptado)

É correto dizer que Schneider propõe que os pais
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Q1778235 Pedagogia
Em “Avaliação mediadora: uma relação dialógica na construção do conhecimento”, Hoffmann (in Revista Ideias, n° 22, p. 54) argumenta que a concepção comportamentalista sobre a avaliação manifesta-se na prática avaliativa de um grande número de professores. Tais profissionais demonstram não perceber o autoritarismo intrínseco a essa concepção. Quando dominados pela convicção de que a forma de avaliar na perspectiva comportamentalista é a melhor que se conhece, esses professores não podem evoluir no sentido de dois princípios presentes em uma avaliação mediadora (tipo de avaliação defendido por Hoffmann).
Na visão de Hoffmann, segundo o artigo em pauta, os dois princípios presentes em uma avaliação mediadora são o
Alternativas
Q1778231 Pedagogia
Assinale a alternativa correta a partir dos conceitos de aprendizagem e desenvolvimento para Piaget.
Alternativas
Q1778230 Pedagogia
Considerando a lei que estabelece as diretrizes e bases da educação nacional (Lei n° 9.394, de 20.12.1996), assinale a alternativa que apresenta as categorias administrativas nas quais as instituições de ensino são classificadas.
Alternativas
Q1778229 Pedagogia
Para Ladislau Dowbor, permitir que os jovens acessem informações básicas que afetam suas vidas, tais como a destinação do dinheiro público, poluidores da sua região, etc., representa o
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Q1778222 Geografia
Segundo Théry e Mello-Théry (2018), as propriedades agrárias muito grandes (mais de 500 ha) e as muito pequenas (menos de 1 ha) ocupam zonas distintas no Brasil. Para os autores, são exemplos de áreas de concentração de propriedades muito grandes e muito pequenas, respectivamente:
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Q1778086 Inglês
   Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


   An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.
    (...)
    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)
Harmer, J. (2007) e Celce-Murcia, M. (2001) descrevem diferentes tipos de testes, cada qual com seus objetivos. Um “achievement test”, por exemplo, será capaz de verificar
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Q1778084 Inglês
   Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


   An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.
    (...)
    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)
In the context of the first paragraph, the expression “taken aback” means the secretary was
Alternativas
Q1778083 Inglês
   Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


   An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.
    (...)
    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)
The expression “drop by” belongs to a category called phrasal verbs (verb + particle). Sometimes verb and particle can be separated, sometimes they cannot. Choose the alternative that displays a separable phrasal verb.
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Q1778082 Inglês
   Leia os dois parágrafos a seguir para responder à questão.


   An international student who majors in engineering drops by the engineering department office and asks the secretary, “Can you tell me where the English department is?” The secretary smiles and responds, “I don’t know, actually. It’s probably somewhere in the Humanities Building. Do you have a campus map?” The student turns around and leaves. The secretary is taken aback and feels slightly uncomfortable. She wonders why the student left so abruptly.
    (...)
    People who interact with ESL students have commented that some seem to express gratitude excessively for small considerations, even to the point of embarrassing the person they are speaking. Others seem downright rude because they do not say thank you when they are expected to.

(Celce-Murcia, M. 2001.)
A relação entre os dois parágrafos permite perceber que o mal entendido no episódio narrado no primeiro parágrafo provavelmente foi causado por
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Q1778079 Inglês
   Read the following extract to answer question.


    Innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s has been stimulated by a special concern for the language learning process. New methods propose that language learning is best served when students are interacting – completing a task or learning content or resolving real-life issues – where linguistic structures are not taught one by one, but where attention to linguistic form is given as necessary. These views of language learning have been informed by research in second language acquisition. Also giving learning a special focus are methodological innovations of the late 1980s and 1990s. These include teaching learning strategies, using cooperative learning, and planning lessons in such a way that different intelligences are addressed.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000)
In the fragment from the text “innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s”, the underlined expression is an instance of
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Q1778077 Inglês
   Read the following extract to answer question.


    Innovation in the language teaching field in the late 1980s and 1990s has been stimulated by a special concern for the language learning process. New methods propose that language learning is best served when students are interacting – completing a task or learning content or resolving real-life issues – where linguistic structures are not taught one by one, but where attention to linguistic form is given as necessary. These views of language learning have been informed by research in second language acquisition. Also giving learning a special focus are methodological innovations of the late 1980s and 1990s. These include teaching learning strategies, using cooperative learning, and planning lessons in such a way that different intelligences are addressed.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000)
O parágrafo descreve possibilidades para a sala de aula que remetem à aplicação de
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Q1778076 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the question.


Thought-in-Action Links

     It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
    As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
    However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
    This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado) 
The fragment from the last paragraph “who was her supervisor” is an example of an adjective clause. Mark the alternative in which the deletion of the relative pronoun (and only the relative pronoun) is possible.
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Q1778075 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the question.


Thought-in-Action Links

     It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
    As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
    However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
    This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado) 
Sometimes, the user of the foreign language is uncertain about what verb to choose in a particular situation. Learning collocations may be helpful. Mark the alternative in which the collocation with common verbs needs to be corrected.
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Q1778074 Inglês
Read the text below and answer the question.


Thought-in-Action Links

     It is important to recognize that methods link thoughts and actions, because teaching is not entirely about one or the other. As a teacher of language, you have thoughts about your subject matter – what language is, what culture is – and about your students – who they are as learners and how it is they learn. You also have thoughts about yourself as a teacher and what you can do to help your students to learn. Many of your thoughts have been formed by your own experience as a language learner. With this awareness, you are able to examine why you do what you do and perhaps choose to think about or do things differently.
    As an example, let us relate an anecdote about a teacher with whom Diane Larsen-Freeman was working some time ago. From her study of methods in Stevick (1980), Heather (not her real name) became interested in how to work with teacher control and student initiative in her teaching. She determined that during her student teaching internship, she would exercise less control of the lesson in order to encourage her students to take more initiative, and have them impose the questions in the classroom, since so often it is the teacher who asks all the questions, not the students.
    However, she felt that the students were not taking the initiative, but she could not see what was wrong. When Diane Larsen Freeman, who was her supervisor, visited her class, she observed the following:
HEATHER: Juan, ask Anna what she is wearing.
JÜAN: What are you wearing?
ANNA: I am wearing a dress.
HEATHER: Anna, ask Muriel what she is writing.
ANNA: What are you writing?
MÜRIEL: I am writing a letter.
    This pattern continued for some time. It was clear to see that Heather had successfully avoided the common problem of the teacher asking all the questions in the class. The teacher was not asking the questions – the students were. However, Heather had not achieved her goal of encouraging student initiative.

(Larsen-Freeman, D. 2000. Adaptado) 
In the simple past and past participle, regular verbs may be pronounced in three different ways: /t/, /d/ or /id/. The verb taken from the second paragraph that is pronounced with an extra syllable /id/ in one of those forms is:
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Respostas
241: E
242: C
243: A
244: B
245: E
246: C
247: A
248: E
249: A
250: D
251: A
252: E
253: C
254: C
255: A
256: B
257: C
258: B
259: D
260: A