Questões de Concurso
Sobre infinitivo e gerúndio | infinitive and gerund em inglês
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Read the following sentences about “Uso e formação de Wh-questions e outras estruturas interrogativas.”
1. Wh-questions begin with what, when, where, who, whom, which, whose, why and how.
2. We use the ‘wh-questions’ to ask for information. The answer can be yes or no. We expect an answer which gives information.
3. We usually form ‘wh-questions’ with wh- + an auxiliary verb (be, do or have) + subject + infinitive verb or with wh- + a modal verb + subject + main verb.
4. When what, who, which or whose is the subject or part of the subject, we do not use the auxiliary. We use the word order subject + verb.
Select the option that presents the correct sentences.
Text
Reading skill will help you to improve your understanding of the language and build your vocabulary.
Read the text below carefully.
Social media, magazines and shop windows bombard people daily with things to buy, and British consumers are buying more clothes and shoes than ever before. Online shopping means it is easy for customers to buy without thinking, while major brands offer such cheap clothes that they can be treated like disposable items – worn two or three times and then thrown away
In Britain, the average person spends more than £1,000 on new clothes a year, which is around four per cent of their income. That might not sound like much, but that figure hides two far more worrying trends for society and for the environment. First, a lot of that consumer spending is via credit cards. British people currently owe approximately £670 per adult to credit card companies. That’s 66 per cent of the average wardrobe budget. Also, not only are people spending money they don’t have, they’re using it to buy things they don’t need. Britain throws away 300,000 tons of clothing a year, most of which goes into landfill sites.
People might not realize they are part of the disposable clothing problem because they donate their unwanted clothes to charities. But charity shops can’t sell all those unwanted clothes. Fast fashion goes out of fashion as quickly as it came in and is often too poor quality to recycle; people don’t want to buy it second-hand. Huge quantities end up being thrown away, and a lot of clothes that charities can’t sell are sent abroad, causing even more economic and environmental problems.
However, a different trend is springing up in opposition to consumerism – the ‘buy nothing’ trend. The idea originated in Canada in the early 1990s and then moved to the US, where it became a rejection of the overspending and overconsumption of Black Friday and Cyber Monday during Thanksgiving weekend. On Buy Nothing Day people organize various types of protests and cut up their credit cards. Throughout the year, Buy Nothing groups organize the exchange and repair of items they already own.
The trend has now reached influencers on social media who usually share posts of clothing and make- -up that they recommend for people to buy. Some YouTube stars now encourage their viewers not to buy anything at all for periods as long as a year. Two friends in Canada spent a year working towards buying only food. For the first three months they learned how to live without buying electrical goods, clothes or things for the house. For the next stage, they gave up services, for example haircuts, eating out at restaurants or buying petrol for their cars. In one year, they’d saved $55,000.
The changes they made meant two fewer cars on the roads, a reduction in plastic and paper packaging and a positive impact on the environment from all the energy saved. If everyone followed a similar plan, the results would be impressive. But even if you can’t manage a full year without going shopping, you can participate in the anti-consumerist movement by refusing to buy things you don’t need. Buy Nothing groups send a clear message to companies that people are no longer willing to accept the environmental and human cost of overconsumption.
source: learnenglish.britishcouncil.org
Read the sentences below and determine whether they are true ( T ) or false ( F ), according to structure and grammar use.
( ) The verbs worn and thrown (1st paragraph of the text) has its infinitive form as wear and throw.
( ) The underlined words in the text: nothing, anything and, everyone are examples of relative pronouns.
( ) The singular form of the following words from the text clothes and goods are, respectively cloth and good.
( ) The following sentence from the text: “Fast fashion goes out of fashion as quickly as it came in …” (3rd paragraph of the text). The words in bold are being used to compare things that are equal in some way.
( ) The negative form of the sentence “In one year, they’d saved $55,000.” (5th paragraph of the text), is “In one year, they hadn’t saved $55,000.”
Select the option that presents the correct sequence from top to bottom.
A 9th grade group was given a handout containing a list of sentences to be observed and analysed as a pair work activity, having the lexicon found in the sentences been already studied, and, if necessary, dictionary checking on word meaning allowed. The teacher conducted class discussion based on the perceptions resulting from the list examination performed. Being the handout as follows, consistent data to ground conclusions is introduced in:
• Summer’s arriving will be happily celebrated in the touristic cities and towns this year.
• People are coming to attend the Rock in Rio shows on the multiple stages of Rock City.
• Beating among opponent sports fans has become an issue during championship playoffs.
• For his disregarding teacher’s instructions during tests, Carl got detention on several occasions.
• The candidates are campaigning all around the country for elections are just around the corner.
• Some boys are beating each other in the school yard and there’s not any adult out there.
• Tourists’ coming to spend summer vacations is surely bound to fill in all hotels and inns.
• Since our bus’s arriving, we should get our luggage together and be ready to get it.
• The candidate hasn`t stayed much with her family because campaigning takes her all over.
• The way that man drives tells us he’s totally disregarding both, human life and traffic laws.
1.a) The coming and going of people is easy in a humanized city. 1.b) People are coming and going to choose their Christmas gifts.
2.a) Mike’s arriving to class late became a bad habit. 2.b) Look, Mike’s arriving to class late once more!
3.a) Jordan gets detention for his disrespecting the teachers. 3.b) Jordan gets detention for he’s disrespecting the teachers.
4.a) The candidate’s winning the elections in several key areas. 4.b) Her winning the elections was happily celebrated.
5.a) We are buying the gear for the weekend camping trip. 5.b) For the weekend camping trip, our buying the gear was expensive.
Judge the next item, about the semantics and morphosyntax of the English language.
In the phrase "She enjoys playing the piano," the
gerund "playing" functions as a verbal noun, modifying
the verb "enjoys."
Read the text I to answer the question.
TEXT I
IS BURNOUT REAL?
Last week, the World Health Organization upgraded Burnout from a “state” of exhaustion to “a syndrome” resulting from “chronic workplace stress” in its International Disease Classification. That is such a broad definition that it could well apply to most people at some point in their working lives. When a disorder is reportedly so widespread, it makes me wonder whether we are at risk of medicalizing everyday distress. If almost everyone suffers from Burnout, then no one does, and the concept loses all credibility.
By Richard A. Friedman
I'm sure the author's generation also experienced workplace stress. However, his generation also experienced real economic stability and socioeconomic gains. There was a light at the end of the tunnel. Currently, we are working tirelessly towards what ends? There doesn't seem to be a light at the end of the tunnel. The Burnout is psychological and existential as much as it is physical.
Anna B. – New York, June 4, 2019.
(Adaptado de https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/03/opinion/burnout-stress.html. Acessado em 16/09/2020.)
THERE ARE 10 QUESTIONS OF MULTIPLE CHOICE IN YOUR TEST. EACH QUESTION HAS 4 ALTERNATIVES (A, B, C, AND D) FROM WHICH ONLY ONE IS CORRECT. CHECK THE CORRECT ONE.
The inflectional {-ing} morpheme is found in the underlined word in alternative
(Available at: education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/earth-day/– text specially adapted for this test).
I. The verb “farm” is in its gerund form in line 34 because it follows the preposition “about”.
II. The verb “build” is in its gerund form in line 39 because it serves as an adjective for “techniques”.
III. The verb “recycle” is in its gerund form in line 40 because it follows the verb “encourage”.
Which ones are correct?
What is customer experience management?
(Available at: www.dynamics.microsoft.com/en-us/marketing/what-is-customer-experience-management-cxm/
– text specially adapted for this test).
Able is used especially in the structure be able + infinitive. This often has the same meaning as can. The negative form is unable.
Considering the use of ABLE in the sentences bellow, mark T for the true sentences and F for the false ones:
( ) Some people are able to walk on their hands.
( ) I am unable to understand what she wants.
( ) He is able to do so.
The correct order of the answers for the sentences above, top down, is:
(__) ‘built’ (l.22) is an irregular verb; Past and Participle have the same form;
(__) The verb ‘connect (l.01)’doesn’t have the infinitive mark (to) because it goes after a modal verb; ‘can’ in this case;
(__) The verbs ‘given’ (l.20) and ‘written’ (l.21) are regular because they have the same ending ‘en’.
From: https://www.glasbergen.com/teen-cartoons/
Text II
I. The process of learning how to read, achieving knowledge of the word. II. The objective of this approach was not to reproduce “banking” education. III. The challenging circumstances (…) of the Brazilian Northeast Region. IV. Exiled during the military dictatorship in Brazil.
“So I was quite offended by my doctor who, when we ran into each other in the street one day, took one look at me and told me that I was definitely overweight”.
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