Questões de Concurso Público Prefeitura de Alhandra - PB 2024 para Professor - Ensino Fundamental II - Inglês

The history of English language teaching (ELT) is unarguably linked to the history of imperialism and colonialism, which materializes in a certain extent the explicit or implicit cultural domination. Such domination inevitably involves the insertion of the colonizer's language into the lives of the colonized peoples. In this regard, the history of English language teaching has always been experienced in terms of cycles, such as theoretical principles and techniques that appear as a trend, disappear for a time and reappear for another period time, sometimes with new principles and fundamentals, and the cycles tend to follow one another. In this regard, studies in Applied Linguistics and Methods and Approaches in English Language Teaching suggest Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Oral Approach and Audiolingualism Method to be the first ones in ELT history. Having that in mind match the second column based on the information provided in the first one. Then, check the correct answer.

( A ) GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION METHOD ( B ) DIRECT METHOD ( C ) ORAL APPROACH ( D) AUDIOLINGUALISM METHOD

( ) Grammatical rules are not presented formally and the texts used for reading and writing activities are no longer literary since this method is based on certain principles, such as: selection, gradation and presentation.

( ) Learning is associated with syntactic, morphological and phonological structures which are learned from a system of stimulus, response and reinforcement.

( ) In this method, the writing skill is also developed, but not with a communicative purpose.

( ) Adopting the monolingual principle, this method involves the use of objects, gestures and images to explain the meanings of words, since the students' native language is prohibited from being used.

( ) Language learning would be associated with the formation of readers and the intellectual development of students.

( ) This method involves automatic correction and immediate assessment of students' mistakes by teachers in order to prevent the students from forming or acquiring bad habits and behaviors during the learning process.

( ) As a theoretical systematization of foreign language teaching, its objective would be the development of students' oral skills as the vocabulary and grammatical structures they have learned would be controlled in terms of frequency of occurrence.

( ) In this method, learning must be directly connected to the target language without going through the process of translation into the students' native language.

( ) The language to be taught is the spoken language and the new elements of the language are practiced situationally as the grammatical items are proposed gradually, that is, from the simplest to the most complex forms.

( ) In this method, language is both seen and considered as a behavior, for it is a means of oral communication.

Over the years, different prescriptions (prescriptive documents) and laws have suggested different statuses for the English language, both as an object of teaching for the English language teachers and as an object of learning for the students from different classroom contexts in Brazil. Some of these documents are the National Curricular Parameters (PCN, 1998), the Common National Curricular Base (BNCC, 2017) and the Law of Guidelines and Bases (LDB, 1996). In this case, when it comes to the PCN (1998), as a prescriptive document, check the answer whose status of English language is correspondent to the one found in the before-mentioned document, which suggests its status and how this target language should be taught in Brazilian classrooms.

Tense, aspect, and mood are grammatical categories that describe the relationship between words and help convey the meaning of a verb. When it comes to tense, it refers to the time when an action occurs (past, present or future). Regarding to aspect, it describes the flow of time, or whether an action is complete, continuous, or repeated (simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous). Finally, on what matters to mood, it encompasses the attitude of the action, or whether it is actual, possible, or necessary (indicative, imperative and subjunctive. That being so, check the alternative whose sentences were written in all tenses, aspects and moods in the English language (in the order they were presented – respectively).

Pronouns make links to what has already been said and help avoid repetition. Pronouns can be used as cohesive devices in order to create cohesion. A pronoun is a word that stands in for a noun, often to avoid the need to repeat the same noun over and over. Like nouns, pronouns can refer to people, things, concepts, and places. Most sentences contain at least one noun or pronoun. Pronouns do more than helping avoid repetitiveness. They provide context, make sentences’ meanings clearer, and shape how we perceive people and things. Read the sentences that follow and do what is required.

I. Her aunt will be vacating next week.
II. That toy on the shelf is mine.
III. Did you do it yourself?
IV. She is the girl I was talking to you about.
V. I am going home today evening.
VI. All my friends are coming home for my birthday party.

In the order they were respectively underlined and written in bold letters, the pronouns written in the sentences above have specific functions, check the answer whose pronouns types are correspondent to the ones read above. 

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) or Communicative Approach (CA) is a language teaching method that focuses on helping students communicate in real-world situations. The goal of CLT is to develop communicative competence, rather than linguistic competence, through learner interaction. That being so, check the answer whose characteristic is not associated with the Communicative Language Teaching.