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1. Estágio pré-operatório
2. Estágio sensório
3. Estágio das operações formais
4. Estágio das operações concretas
( ) Começa a reconhecer a imagem do seu corpo no espelho. motor ( ) Ultrapassa o egocentrismo. ( ) Descreve as características do raciocínio dos 2 aos 7 anos. ( ) Capacidade de usar conceitos abstratos.
A sequência CORRETA está na alternativa:
( ) Os proprioceptores são compostos por órgão tendinoso de golgi, tendões, ligamentos, articulações e fáscia. ( ) O sistema nervoso recebe os estímulos extereceptores dos receptores da visão, olfato, dor e temperatura. ( ) O sistema vestibular, proprioceptivo e tátil não são importantes para passar informações para os bebês. ( ) Para a resposta motora as etapas são in put, out put e processamento. ( ) Ter os sistemas vestibular e proprioceptivo funcionando juntos ajuda no controle motor.
A sequência CORRETA está na alternativa:
Qualquer movimento ou ação pressupõe um grupo de músculos que tencionam e outros que relaxam todo o organismo para manter uma posição equilibrada. Precisa ter um nível de tônus determinado _________________. A disfunção extrema desse tônus denomina-se _________________. O tônus permite um contato com o mundo, dito __________________.
A sequência CORRETA é:
TEXT I
The teaching of English as a foreign language in the context of Brazilian regular schools: a retrospective and prospective view of policies and practices.
(Ricardo Luiz Teixeira de Almeida).
(…) A brief overview of the recent history of ELT in Brazilian regular schools
During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.
From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching (ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (MOITA LOPES, 1996)*. This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria Antonieta Celani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUCSP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005)**. In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion.
Another important characteristic of the Parameters that should not be overlooked is their emphasis on teacher's autonomy. This emphasis can be seen clearly in the fact that no content or method is imposed upon the teachers. What one can find are suggestions and relevant information for teachers to make their own decisions, taking into consideration the context within which they work. In other words, the Parameters do not force any teacher to limit their focus on the teaching of reading, if they believe they can go further than that.
In spite of all these positive points, since their publication, it is possible to identify a strong resistance to the focus on reading on the part of many teachers. The reasons for this resistance will be discussed in the following sections of this paper. […] (p.333-334)
*MOITA LOPES, Luiz Paulo da. Oficina de Lingüística Aplicada: a natureza social e educacional dos processos de ensino / aprendizagem de línguas. Campinas:
Mercado de Letras, 1996.
**CELANI, M. A. Introduction. In: CELANI, M. A. et al. ESPin Brazil: 25 years of evolution and reflection. Campinas-SP: Mercado de Letras, São Paulo: Educ, 2005.
p. 13-26.
(Adapted from: Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada. vol.12. nº.2. Belo Horizonte. Apr./June 2012, p. 331-348. Available at:
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-63982012000200006 Accessed on April 15 , 2019)
TEXT I
The teaching of English as a foreign language in the context of Brazilian regular schools: a retrospective and prospective view of policies and practices.
(Ricardo Luiz Teixeira de Almeida).
(…) A brief overview of the recent history of ELT in Brazilian regular schools
During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.
From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching (ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (MOITA LOPES, 1996)*. This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria Antonieta Celani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUCSP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005)**. In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion.
Another important characteristic of the Parameters that should not be overlooked is their emphasis on teacher's autonomy. This emphasis can be seen clearly in the fact that no content or method is imposed upon the teachers. What one can find are suggestions and relevant information for teachers to make their own decisions, taking into consideration the context within which they work. In other words, the Parameters do not force any teacher to limit their focus on the teaching of reading, if they believe they can go further than that.
In spite of all these positive points, since their publication, it is possible to identify a strong resistance to the focus on reading on the part of many teachers. The reasons for this resistance will be discussed in the following sections of this paper. […] (p.333-334)
*MOITA LOPES, Luiz Paulo da. Oficina de Lingüística Aplicada: a natureza social e educacional dos processos de ensino / aprendizagem de línguas. Campinas:
Mercado de Letras, 1996.
**CELANI, M. A. Introduction. In: CELANI, M. A. et al. ESPin Brazil: 25 years of evolution and reflection. Campinas-SP: Mercado de Letras, São Paulo: Educ, 2005.
p. 13-26.
(Adapted from: Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada. vol.12. nº.2. Belo Horizonte. Apr./June 2012, p. 331-348. Available at:
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-63982012000200006 Accessed on April 15 , 2019)
TEXT I
The teaching of English as a foreign language in the context of Brazilian regular schools: a retrospective and prospective view of policies and practices.
(Ricardo Luiz Teixeira de Almeida).
(…) A brief overview of the recent history of ELT in Brazilian regular schools
During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.
From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching (ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (MOITA LOPES, 1996)*. This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria Antonieta Celani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUCSP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005)**. In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion.
Another important characteristic of the Parameters that should not be overlooked is their emphasis on teacher's autonomy. This emphasis can be seen clearly in the fact that no content or method is imposed upon the teachers. What one can find are suggestions and relevant information for teachers to make their own decisions, taking into consideration the context within which they work. In other words, the Parameters do not force any teacher to limit their focus on the teaching of reading, if they believe they can go further than that.
In spite of all these positive points, since their publication, it is possible to identify a strong resistance to the focus on reading on the part of many teachers. The reasons for this resistance will be discussed in the following sections of this paper. […] (p.333-334)
*MOITA LOPES, Luiz Paulo da. Oficina de Lingüística Aplicada: a natureza social e educacional dos processos de ensino / aprendizagem de línguas. Campinas:
Mercado de Letras, 1996.
**CELANI, M. A. Introduction. In: CELANI, M. A. et al. ESPin Brazil: 25 years of evolution and reflection. Campinas-SP: Mercado de Letras, São Paulo: Educ, 2005.
p. 13-26.
(Adapted from: Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada. vol.12. nº.2. Belo Horizonte. Apr./June 2012, p. 331-348. Available at:
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-63982012000200006 Accessed on April 15 , 2019)
TEXT I
The teaching of English as a foreign language in the context of Brazilian regular schools: a retrospective and prospective view of policies and practices.
(Ricardo Luiz Teixeira de Almeida).
(…) A brief overview of the recent history of ELT in Brazilian regular schools
During the 1970s, the so-called audiolingual method, based on behaviorist and structuralist assumptions, was still considered the only scientific way of teaching a foreign language. Its emphasis on the oral skills and on the exhaustive repetition of structural exercises seemed to work well in the contexts of private language institutes. Those contexts were characterized by the gathering of small numbers of highly motivated students per class, a weekly time-table superior in the number of hours to the one adopted in regular schools, and plenty of audiovisual resources. Questionable in itself, both because of its results (which in time were revealed to be less efficient than believed, especially in terms of fluency) and its theoretical assumptions, the method ended up being adopted by regular schools due to its positive reputation at the time. The failure of the methodology in this context would soon become evident, generating extreme frustration both amongst teachers and students.
From the 1980s on, with the spread of ideas connected to the so-called communicative approach and the growth of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), the community of researchers and teachers interested in the context of regular schools started reviewing the assumptions and logic of English Language Teaching (ELT). Recognizing that each and every school discipline needs to justify its presence in the curriculum socially and educationally, this movement identified the skill of reading as the most relevant one for the students attending the majority of Brazilian regular schools. This understanding was achieved by considering not only the possibility of real use outside school, but also the role this approach could play in the achievement of other educational goals, such as the improvement of student's reading abilities in Portuguese as a mother tongue (MOITA LOPES, 1996)*. This movement reached its climax with the publication of the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN) for the teaching of foreign languages at basic education level by the end of the 1990s. The document recommended the focus on the teaching of reading within a view of language as discourse. However, it did not close the door on the teaching of any other skill, as long as the context made it possible and relevant.
It is important at this point to clarify a few things about the emergence of this educational policy. First of all, it was not formulated apart from the community of teachers and researchers and then imposed upon them. On the contrary, great names in Brazilian Applied Linguistics, such as Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes and Maria Antonieta Celani among others, were involved in the formulation of the Parameters. Even more important than that, a lot of teachers, individually or collectively, with or without supervision, were already trying the focus on reading as an alternative to the failure of previous practices before the Parameters were elaborated. Two well-known examples are those from Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo during the late 1980s and early 1990s. In São Paulo, The Catholic University (PUCSP) became a national center for foreign language teacher education, through the development of a Brazilian ESP project focusing on reading (CELANI, 2005)**. In Rio de Janeiro, a discussion conducted by the city educational authorities and the teachers in public schools (concerning the contents and methodology of each school discipline), during the administrations of Saturnino Braga and Marcelo Alencar, led to the proposition that the focus on reading for foreign language teaching reflected the will of most teachers who participated in the discussion.
Another important characteristic of the Parameters that should not be overlooked is their emphasis on teacher's autonomy. This emphasis can be seen clearly in the fact that no content or method is imposed upon the teachers. What one can find are suggestions and relevant information for teachers to make their own decisions, taking into consideration the context within which they work. In other words, the Parameters do not force any teacher to limit their focus on the teaching of reading, if they believe they can go further than that.
In spite of all these positive points, since their publication, it is possible to identify a strong resistance to the focus on reading on the part of many teachers. The reasons for this resistance will be discussed in the following sections of this paper. […] (p.333-334)
*MOITA LOPES, Luiz Paulo da. Oficina de Lingüística Aplicada: a natureza social e educacional dos processos de ensino / aprendizagem de línguas. Campinas:
Mercado de Letras, 1996.
**CELANI, M. A. Introduction. In: CELANI, M. A. et al. ESPin Brazil: 25 years of evolution and reflection. Campinas-SP: Mercado de Letras, São Paulo: Educ, 2005.
p. 13-26.
(Adapted from: Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada. vol.12. nº.2. Belo Horizonte. Apr./June 2012, p. 331-348. Available at:
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-63982012000200006 Accessed on April 15 , 2019)
Nesta perspectiva, analise as proposições e coloque V para verdadeiras e F para Falsas.
( ) A escola precisa reinventar-se como um espaço de aprendizagem promotor do debate e da reflexão crítica, incentivando-se à participação cívica nesta aldeia global que é o mundo hoje. ( ) Os jovens são hábeis no uso de novas tecnologias, pois cresceram cercados pelas mídias digitais, diferenciando-se dos “imigrantes digitais”, que cresceram com a mídia impressa e tiveram que migrar para as novas tecnologias. ( ) A linguagem adotada pelos jovens em sua comunicação online afeta negativamente suas habilidades de letramento, pois os elementos e caracteres do “internetês” ameaçam a língua padrão.
O preenchimento CORRETO dos parênteses está na alternativa:
Em razão do exposto, analise as proposições:
I- O professor da “Era Digital” deve atuar como uma porta que, apesar de estar fixa e limitada no mesmo lugar, abre-se aos alunos para que a atravessem e atinjam o mundo sem limitações. II- O papel do professor deve ser focado em informação com o objetivo de esgotar os conteúdos, funcionando como uma janela pré-programada pela qual os alunos veem o mundo. III- A tecnologia, hoje, permite e favorece a colaboração, consubstanciando oportunidades de melhores resultados para um trabalho pedagógico que está se modificando e requer novos modos de atuação.
É VERDADE o que se afirma apenas em:
Nesta perspectiva, considerando-se as informações contidas no texto acima, a alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE é:
Nesta perspectiva, analise as proposições e coloque V para Verdadeiras e F para falsas.
( ) Textos compostos de múltiplas linguagens exigem capacidades e práticas de compreensão e interpretação para fazer significar. ( ) A escola precisa por em prática novas ferramentas de produção e recepção, além da escrita manual e impressa, para que os professores e alunos sejam agentes livres para encontrar interpretações alternativas. ( ) A pedagogia dos multiletramentos deve ser incluída na sala de aula como forma de transformar os hábitos institucionais de ensinar e aprender.
O preenchimento CORRETO dos parêntesis está na alternativa:
A escola que eu frequentava era cheia de grades como as prisões E o meu Mestre, carrancudo como um dicionário; Complicado como as Matemáticas; Inacessível como Os Lusíadas de Camões!
À sua porta eu estacava sempre hesitante... De um lado, a vida... A minha adorável vida de criança: Pinhões... papagaios... carreiras ao sol... [...]
Do outro lado, aquela tortura: “As armas e os barões assinalados! ” - Quantas orações? [...]
Felizmente, à boca da noite, Eu tinha uma velha que me contava histórias... Lindas histórias do reino da Mãe D'Água... E me ensinava a tomar a bênção à lua nova. (FERREIRA, A. Poemas de Ascenso Ferreira. 5. Ed. Recife: Nordestal, 1995, p. 41).
Em relação à análise do poema, a alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE:
Neste sentido, analise as proposições, a seguir: I- Trazer para o espaço escolar uma diversidade de gêneros textuais em que ocorra uma combinação de recursos semióticos significa promover o desenvolvimento neuropsicológico de nossos aprendizes. II- As interações humanas se realizam por meio de linguagens as mais diversas e não nos referimos apenas às interações mediadas por enunciado linguístico, mas por qualquer artefato. III- A leitura e a escrita no contexto escolar devem acontecer sempre em situações de apropriação do conhecimento linguístico e de avaliação da apropriação desses conhecimentos.
A alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE é
Em relação ao excerto do texto e, associando à prática pedagógica do ensino de Língua Portuguesa, analise as proposições e coloque V para Verdadeiras e F para Falsas.
( ) O caminho para a renovação do ensino de língua implica numa ruptura com uma escola que, durante muito tempo, favoreceu o mutismo e que obscureceu a função interativa da linguagem. ( ) A descoberta do funcionamento interativo da língua é necessária e somente acontece por meio de textos orais e escritos, em práticas discursivas as mais diversas, conforme as situações sociais em que se inserem ( ) Os professores de Língua Portuguesa precisam inquietar-se, motivar-se às mudanças, para que se lhes abram horizontes e saiam da estagnação da mesmice, tendo de “rezar o velho rosário das classes de palavras”.
A alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE é:
( ) Os textos dos alunos, como atos de linguagem, devem ter autoria e leitores reais previstos por antecipação, de forma que saibam o que dizer, como dizer e para quem dizer. ( ) Uma relação de interdependência com as regras sociais presentes no espaço de circulação do texto, definindo sua qualidade, ou seja, o texto adequado à situação em que se insere o evento comunicativo. ( ) Uma escrita que se preocupe, predominantemente, com o sistema de codificação, oficialmente imposto, como sendo o ideal da escrita adequada e relevante.
A alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE é:
Neste sentido, analisando as proposições, é possível afirmar que devemos:
I- Não nos restringir à análise dos fatos da língua, como se ela estivesse fora das situações de interação, obscurecendo seu sentido mais amplo, mas ver a língua em sua condição mediadora das atuações sociais, nas circunstâncias como as pessoas a realizam quando falam, escutam, leem ou escrevem. II- Voltar-nos para uma gramática inflexível, de uma língua supostamente uniforme e inalterável, irremediavelmente fixada num conjunto de regras imutáveis, considerando-a pelo prisma do “certo” e do “errado”. III- Reconhecer a língua como um grande ponto de encontro de cada um de nós; com aqueles que, de qualquer forma, fizeram e fazem a nossa história, embutida na nossa memória coletiva.
A alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE assertivas acima é:
( ) Por meio da língua é que o ser humano pensa, comunica-se, tem acesso à informação, expressa e defende pontos de vista, partilha ou constrói visões de mundo e produz conhecimento. ( ) É preciso ampliar as competências mais significativas para as questões que a língua comporta na dimensão de sistema em uso, preso à realidade histórico-social do povo, como prática de atuação interativa, dependente da cultura de seus usuários, no sentido mais amplo da palavra. ( ) É necessário ver a língua apenas como um sistema em si mesmo, um conjunto de signos (que tem um significante e um significado), trabalhando o texto como pretexto, para retirar dele fragmentos para que se reconheça neles o emprego de uma regra gramatical.
A alternativa que responde CORRETAMENTE as assertivas abaixo é:
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