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O valor máximo que a função f(x) = 3x + 3 cos(3x) assume no intervalo em que x ∈ [0, π], é igual a:
Leia com atenção as cinco afirmativas abaixo:
I - Um professor, ao propor uma atividade que envolve um estudo comparativo dos sistemas de numeração, relaciona a Matemática com o tema transversal “pluralidade cultural”.
II - A ênfase no ensino da Matemática a partir da resolução de problemas do cotidiano das pessoas é fundamental para dar significado aos conteúdos matemáticos, pois a Matemática somente será aprendida em sua plenitude, se percebida sua aplicação prática.
III - A avaliação contínua e processual se dá quando da aplicação de dois tipos de avaliação diferentes, como um trabalho e uma prova sobre determinado conteúdo em estudo, por exemplo.
IV - Para Machado (2002), o jogo em sala de aula deve ser analisado sobre dois enfoques: o lúdico e o prático-utilitário. Assim, privilegia-se a aprendizagem e não apenas o seu emprego apenas para tornar a aula divertida.
V - Um dos objetivos gerais do Ensino Fundamental é: “saber utilizar diferentes fontes de informação e recursos tecnológicos para adquirir e construir conhecimentos”.
Acerca das cinco afirmativas acima, é correto apenas o que se afirma em:
Leia com atenção as cinco afirmativas abaixo:
I - A Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional, em seu artigo 9º, preconiza que a União incumbir-se-á de coletar, analisar e disseminar informações sobre a educação.
II - Em caso de comprovação de negligência da autoridade competente para garantir o oferecimento de ensino obrigatório, esta poderá ser imputada pelo crime de responsabilidade.
III - A Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional estabelece que o ensino fundamental obrigatório, com duração de oito anos, gratuito na escola pública, inicia-se as sete anos de idade.
IV - A Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional preconiza que os estabelecimentos de ensino têm incumbência de elaborar sua proposta pedagógica, com plena autonomia para na realização deste trabalho.
V - O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente estabelece que o professor que deixar de comunicar suspeitas de maus tratos contra os alunos à autoridade competente, incorre em infração administrativa.
Acerca das cinco afirmativas acima, é correto apenas o que se afirma em:
INSTRUCTIONS – Read the following text carefully and then choose the correct alternatives that answer the questions.
THE SADDEST TWEETERS LIVE IN TEXAS
Melody Kramer for National Geographic - Published May 29, 2013
Researchers analyzed ten million tweets to map happiness in the U.S.
Average word happiness for geotagged tweets in U.S. states collected in 2011. Redder states have higher averages and bluer states have lower averages.
Image courtesy Mitchell et al, PLoS ONE
The town of Beaumont is known as "Texas … with a little something extra." But the industrial town along the Gulf Coast now has a more dubious distinction: It's been named the saddest city in America—at least, if you're measuring sadness on Twitter.
That's according to a group of researchers at the Vermont Complex Systems Center, who analyzed over 80 million words from more than ten million geotagged tweets written throughout 2011. The results of their study, published Wednesday in the journal PLoS ONE, showed that the happiest tweeters in the U.S. live in Napa, California, and their sad counterparts live mostly in the Rust Belt and along the Gulf Coast border.
"You can infer a lot of information about an area based on what people are writing on Twitter," says Christopher Danforth, a mathematician and a co-author of the study.
Danforth explains how his team measured the emotional state of a tweet: They created a simple computer algorithm to analyze the words within the tweets themselves. Each word was measured on a happiness scale, which his team had previously created using paid workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk service. The workers were asked to score more than 10,000 common English words on a happiness scale from 1 to 9. Words like "laughter," "love," "rainbow," and "smile" made the top of the list; at the very bottom—unsurprisingly—were words like "terrorist," "ugly," "cancer," "die," and "fatal."
A GEOGRAPHY OF HAPPINESS
Using that list, researchers then collected tweets from more than 300 separate cities and towns across the United States and created an algorithm to assess how frequently "happy" words occurred vs. how frequently "sad" words occurred in different places. For example, people in Napa were much more likely to tweet the word "hope" than were their counterparts living along the Gulf Coast.
"The differences in the words people used told us a lot about the cities themselves," says Lewis Mitchell, a mathematician and the study's lead author. "Essentially we were able to create a geography of happiness."
Many of the places at the very top of the list— Hawaii, Maine, and Napa—are also top vacation spots. A previous study by the same researchers indicated that people tend to use less-negative words when they're far away from home. But other places near the top of the list—like Green Bay, Wisconsin, and Spokane, Washington—aren't really tourist destinations.
The researchers say they plan to look at tourism's role in a future study. They also plan to analyze tweets in other languages. The current study looks only at tweets written in English, which could skew data in parts of the United States where many people tweet in Spanish.
In addition, the researchers plan to look at profanity more closely. Their current findings suggest that one of the major driving forces in a city's happiness—or lack thereof—is how frequently people use curse words in their tweets.
"People curse more and more as the day goes on," says Danforth, "but there are definitely places where profanity is more common. In the South, more people are cursing on Twitter. It's a tapestry of negative words."
TRENDING SADDER
He notes that many of the cities close to the bottom of their happiness list also rank low on other lists that measure factors like health outcomes and quality of life.
"The people at the bottom of our list live in states that are more socioeconomically depressed and where more natural disasters occur," he says."There are higher rates of poverty, and the median incomes are lower."
This might explain why places like Beaumont and Shreveport, Louisiana, have sadder tweets. But it doesn't explain one surprising finding: Tweets across the country are getting sadder, in general.
"If you go through all of the demographics since 2008, it's getting sadder everywhere," says Mitchell. "There's a strong downward trend. We don't know why this is."
He recently made a Twitter account— @geographyofhapp—that tracks the happiest and saddest cities on Twitter on a daily basis. But his own personal Twitter account—@dr_pyser— remains cheerfully optimistic.
"I try to be more conscious of what I'm talking about online and the way I talk about it," says Mitchell. "I try to put my best self out there."
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/05/130529-saddest-happieststates-twitter-texas-maine-hawaii-california/y
The only right form to complete the sentence “Let’s go, ______?” is:
INSTRUCTIONS – Read the following text carefully and then choose the correct alternatives that answer the questions.
THE SADDEST TWEETERS LIVE IN TEXAS
Melody Kramer for National Geographic - Published May 29, 2013
Researchers analyzed ten million tweets to map happiness in the U.S.
Average word happiness for geotagged tweets in U.S. states collected in 2011. Redder states have higher averages and bluer states have lower averages.
Image courtesy Mitchell et al, PLoS ONE
The town of Beaumont is known as "Texas … with a little something extra." But the industrial town along the Gulf Coast now has a more dubious distinction: It's been named the saddest city in America—at least, if you're measuring sadness on Twitter.
That's according to a group of researchers at the Vermont Complex Systems Center, who analyzed over 80 million words from more than ten million geotagged tweets written throughout 2011. The results of their study, published Wednesday in the journal PLoS ONE, showed that the happiest tweeters in the U.S. live in Napa, California, and their sad counterparts live mostly in the Rust Belt and along the Gulf Coast border.
"You can infer a lot of information about an area based on what people are writing on Twitter," says Christopher Danforth, a mathematician and a co-author of the study.
Danforth explains how his team measured the emotional state of a tweet: They created a simple computer algorithm to analyze the words within the tweets themselves. Each word was measured on a happiness scale, which his team had previously created using paid workers from Amazon's Mechanical Turk service. The workers were asked to score more than 10,000 common English words on a happiness scale from 1 to 9. Words like "laughter," "love," "rainbow," and "smile" made the top of the list; at the very bottom—unsurprisingly—were words like "terrorist," "ugly," "cancer," "die," and "fatal."
A GEOGRAPHY OF HAPPINESS
Using that list, researchers then collected tweets from more than 300 separate cities and towns across the United States and created an algorithm to assess how frequently "happy" words occurred vs. how frequently "sad" words occurred in different places. For example, people in Napa were much more likely to tweet the word "hope" than were their counterparts living along the Gulf Coast.
"The differences in the words people used told us a lot about the cities themselves," says Lewis Mitchell, a mathematician and the study's lead author. "Essentially we were able to create a geography of happiness."
Many of the places at the very top of the list— Hawaii, Maine, and Napa—are also top vacation spots. A previous study by the same researchers indicated that people tend to use less-negative words when they're far away from home. But other places near the top of the list—like Green Bay, Wisconsin, and Spokane, Washington—aren't really tourist destinations.
The researchers say they plan to look at tourism's role in a future study. They also plan to analyze tweets in other languages. The current study looks only at tweets written in English, which could skew data in parts of the United States where many people tweet in Spanish.
In addition, the researchers plan to look at profanity more closely. Their current findings suggest that one of the major driving forces in a city's happiness—or lack thereof—is how frequently people use curse words in their tweets.
"People curse more and more as the day goes on," says Danforth, "but there are definitely places where profanity is more common. In the South, more people are cursing on Twitter. It's a tapestry of negative words."
TRENDING SADDER
He notes that many of the cities close to the bottom of their happiness list also rank low on other lists that measure factors like health outcomes and quality of life.
"The people at the bottom of our list live in states that are more socioeconomically depressed and where more natural disasters occur," he says."There are higher rates of poverty, and the median incomes are lower."
This might explain why places like Beaumont and Shreveport, Louisiana, have sadder tweets. But it doesn't explain one surprising finding: Tweets across the country are getting sadder, in general.
"If you go through all of the demographics since 2008, it's getting sadder everywhere," says Mitchell. "There's a strong downward trend. We don't know why this is."
He recently made a Twitter account— @geographyofhapp—that tracks the happiest and saddest cities on Twitter on a daily basis. But his own personal Twitter account—@dr_pyser— remains cheerfully optimistic.
"I try to be more conscious of what I'm talking about online and the way I talk about it," says Mitchell. "I try to put my best self out there."
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/05/130529-saddest-happieststates-twitter-texas-maine-hawaii-california/y
Consider the following:
I - “Used to” expresses the idea of customary or habitual action in the past;
II - “Be to” is used to indicate plans, obligation, necessity or arrangements;
III - “Must” expresses unavoidable obligation or necessity;
IV - “Will” and “be going to” can always be used interchangeably.
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