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Q2315592 Direito Constitucional
Foi decretado estado de sítio em determinada região do País. Preocupado com os reflexos dessa medida sobre sua atuação parlamentar, João, Deputado Federal, realizou alentada análise da Constituição da República para verificar os efeitos em relação à imunidade que lhe assegura a impossibilidade de ser responsabilizado por suas palavras, opiniões e votos.
Ao fim de suas reflexões, João concluiu, corretamente, que a imunidade
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Q2315590 Direito Constitucional
O Estado Alfa, no exercício de competência legislativa concorrente, editou a Lei estadual nº X, disciplinando determinada matéria de modo exauriente, considerando que, até então, a União não tinha editado nenhum padrão normativo a esse respeito. Em momento posterior, sobreveio a Lei federal nº Y, que veiculou normas gerais sobre a matéria e colidiu frontalmente com a integralidade da Lei estadual nº X.
À luz da sistemática constitucional, assinale a afirmativa correta.
Alternativas
Q2315589 Inglês

Read the Text II and answer the question that follow it.


Text II 

Global plastic treaty should address chemicals 

    In March, the global community agreed to establish a legally binding treaty to end plastic pollution. To deliver on this goal, the treaty needs to cover all issues of plastics chemicals as an inseparable part of the problem.

    Plastics are complex materials consisting of chemical mixtures, including polymers, additives, residual monomers and processing aids, and non-intentionally added substances. Such mixtures release across the plastics life cycle, from feedstock extraction, production, and use, to reuse, recycling, and disposal; they also recombine along complex, unplanned pathways. As a result, humans and environments are ubiquitously exposed to plastics chemicals, often with serious consequences.

    Out of more than 10,000 known plastics chemicals, at least 2,400 are classified as toxic, such as many phthalates and brominated flame retardants. Documented health effects span generations and include premature births, low birth weight, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometriosis, infertility, and cancers. In the United States alone, associated costs of endocrine-disrupting chemicals amount to USD$300 billion/year. The total burden on community, ecosystem health, and biodiversity is far greater.

    Even with material recycling, plastics chemicals ultimately proliferate in the ecosystem, whether as emissions or by entering new products, exposing waste-laborers, consumers, and frontline communities to new chemical cocktails. An effective, fair, and safe circular economy can only be achieved by phasing out toxic chemicals from plastic production. 

    As negotiations for a global treaty begin, plastics chemicals need to be front and center. However, preparatory meeting documents focus on downstream plastic waste and work from a narrow definition of chemicals as hazardous additives. To enable the treaty to fully address plastics’ ecological, health, and environmental justice problems, it is essential to redefine plastics as complex chemical mixtures and to integrate chemical issues across the life cycle within the scope and core obligations of the legal instrument.

Adapted from: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf5410.

When one opts for “phasing out toxic chemicals from plastic production” (4th paragraph), this means the process is
Alternativas
Q2315588 Inglês

Read the Text II and answer the question that follow it.


Text II 

Global plastic treaty should address chemicals 

    In March, the global community agreed to establish a legally binding treaty to end plastic pollution. To deliver on this goal, the treaty needs to cover all issues of plastics chemicals as an inseparable part of the problem.

    Plastics are complex materials consisting of chemical mixtures, including polymers, additives, residual monomers and processing aids, and non-intentionally added substances. Such mixtures release across the plastics life cycle, from feedstock extraction, production, and use, to reuse, recycling, and disposal; they also recombine along complex, unplanned pathways. As a result, humans and environments are ubiquitously exposed to plastics chemicals, often with serious consequences.

    Out of more than 10,000 known plastics chemicals, at least 2,400 are classified as toxic, such as many phthalates and brominated flame retardants. Documented health effects span generations and include premature births, low birth weight, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometriosis, infertility, and cancers. In the United States alone, associated costs of endocrine-disrupting chemicals amount to USD$300 billion/year. The total burden on community, ecosystem health, and biodiversity is far greater.

    Even with material recycling, plastics chemicals ultimately proliferate in the ecosystem, whether as emissions or by entering new products, exposing waste-laborers, consumers, and frontline communities to new chemical cocktails. An effective, fair, and safe circular economy can only be achieved by phasing out toxic chemicals from plastic production. 

    As negotiations for a global treaty begin, plastics chemicals need to be front and center. However, preparatory meeting documents focus on downstream plastic waste and work from a narrow definition of chemicals as hazardous additives. To enable the treaty to fully address plastics’ ecological, health, and environmental justice problems, it is essential to redefine plastics as complex chemical mixtures and to integrate chemical issues across the life cycle within the scope and core obligations of the legal instrument.

Adapted from: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf5410.

From the excerpt “humans and environments are ubiquitously exposed to plastics chemicals” (2nd paragraph), one can infer that this situation is
Alternativas
Q2315587 Inglês

Read the Text II and answer the question that follow it.


Text II 

Global plastic treaty should address chemicals 

    In March, the global community agreed to establish a legally binding treaty to end plastic pollution. To deliver on this goal, the treaty needs to cover all issues of plastics chemicals as an inseparable part of the problem.

    Plastics are complex materials consisting of chemical mixtures, including polymers, additives, residual monomers and processing aids, and non-intentionally added substances. Such mixtures release across the plastics life cycle, from feedstock extraction, production, and use, to reuse, recycling, and disposal; they also recombine along complex, unplanned pathways. As a result, humans and environments are ubiquitously exposed to plastics chemicals, often with serious consequences.

    Out of more than 10,000 known plastics chemicals, at least 2,400 are classified as toxic, such as many phthalates and brominated flame retardants. Documented health effects span generations and include premature births, low birth weight, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometriosis, infertility, and cancers. In the United States alone, associated costs of endocrine-disrupting chemicals amount to USD$300 billion/year. The total burden on community, ecosystem health, and biodiversity is far greater.

    Even with material recycling, plastics chemicals ultimately proliferate in the ecosystem, whether as emissions or by entering new products, exposing waste-laborers, consumers, and frontline communities to new chemical cocktails. An effective, fair, and safe circular economy can only be achieved by phasing out toxic chemicals from plastic production. 

    As negotiations for a global treaty begin, plastics chemicals need to be front and center. However, preparatory meeting documents focus on downstream plastic waste and work from a narrow definition of chemicals as hazardous additives. To enable the treaty to fully address plastics’ ecological, health, and environmental justice problems, it is essential to redefine plastics as complex chemical mixtures and to integrate chemical issues across the life cycle within the scope and core obligations of the legal instrument.

Adapted from: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf5410.

Based on Text II, mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F).
( ) Evidence that plastics chemicals and different illnesses are closely related is scanty.
( ) Chemical mixtures in plastics may take unforeseen directions.
( ) Forthcoming documents ought to revamp earlier definitions of plastics.
The statements are, respectively,
Alternativas
Q2315586 Inglês

Read the Text I and answer the question that follow it.


Text I


Correspondence

Human genome editing: potential seeds of conflict 


    Recently, The Lancet published an important declaration regarding the necessity of regulating and legislating for human genome editing. We agree with their opinions that the human genome editing technology and resulting research can have both positive and negative effects on human society. The use of genome editing for research and commercial purposes has sparked debates in both biological and political realms. However, most of them have mainly focused on the effects of human genome editing on the patients themselves, and little attention has been paid to their offspring. 


    Several films, such as Gattaca and Gundam SEED, have addressed the conflicts that arise from human genome editing. Such conflicts not only exist within the generation who have experienced editing but are also transmitted to their offspring. For example, in these films, the offspring of people without genome editing felt a sense of unfairness regarding the inferiority of their physical (or other non-edited domains) status, whereas the offspring of people with genome editing grew up in a biased, discriminated against, and ostracized environment. They could have lived in peace with a strong and well regulated government; however, when the tenuous grip of government weakens, jealousy and resentment can lead to ruins. Although these scenes still exist in films, they might become increasingly plausible in decades to come. Using the concept of preparedness, access, countermeasures, tools, and trust, we should prepare legitimate human genome editing, establish access to deal with imminent or potential discrimination, develop countermeasures and tools for prevention and resolution of conflict, and entrust future generations with the responsibility to use them wisely.

    

    Bing-Yan Zeng, Ping-Tao Tseng, *Chih-Sung Liang    


Adapted from: www.thelancet.com, vol. 401, June 24, 2023 at https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2823%2901084-X

The excerpt that has an example of a verb in the passive voice is
Alternativas
Q2315583 Inglês

Read the Text I and answer the question that follow it.


Text I


Correspondence

Human genome editing: potential seeds of conflict 


    Recently, The Lancet published an important declaration regarding the necessity of regulating and legislating for human genome editing. We agree with their opinions that the human genome editing technology and resulting research can have both positive and negative effects on human society. The use of genome editing for research and commercial purposes has sparked debates in both biological and political realms. However, most of them have mainly focused on the effects of human genome editing on the patients themselves, and little attention has been paid to their offspring. 


    Several films, such as Gattaca and Gundam SEED, have addressed the conflicts that arise from human genome editing. Such conflicts not only exist within the generation who have experienced editing but are also transmitted to their offspring. For example, in these films, the offspring of people without genome editing felt a sense of unfairness regarding the inferiority of their physical (or other non-edited domains) status, whereas the offspring of people with genome editing grew up in a biased, discriminated against, and ostracized environment. They could have lived in peace with a strong and well regulated government; however, when the tenuous grip of government weakens, jealousy and resentment can lead to ruins. Although these scenes still exist in films, they might become increasingly plausible in decades to come. Using the concept of preparedness, access, countermeasures, tools, and trust, we should prepare legitimate human genome editing, establish access to deal with imminent or potential discrimination, develop countermeasures and tools for prevention and resolution of conflict, and entrust future generations with the responsibility to use them wisely.

    

    Bing-Yan Zeng, Ping-Tao Tseng, *Chih-Sung Liang    


Adapted from: www.thelancet.com, vol. 401, June 24, 2023 at https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2823%2901084-X

The word “seed” as used in the title is related to the act of
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Q2315581 Português
Leia o fragmento textual a seguir.
    “Ele entrou nas ruas silenciosas do vilarejo, sem direção. Cortou à direita no primeiro cruzamento, chegou a uma rua mais larga que subia a encosta em direção à igreja, que se mostrava no alto, com seu estilo colonial, parou diante de uma agência dos Correios e decidiu sentar-se na cadeira convidativa de um bar na esquina oposta.”
Trata-se, como se pode ver, de um texto narrativo, com suas ações em sequência cronológica, mas com uma pequena interrupção, caracterizada como
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Q2315580 Português
Assinale a frase que não mostra qualquer possibilidade de ambiguidade.
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Q2315579 Português
Quanto à norma culta, assinale a frase integralmente correta. 
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Q2315578 Português
Levando-se em consideração os seguintes pares de palavras – catorze / quatorze e quotidiano / cotidiano – assinale a opção que apresenta uma observação correta.
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Q2315577 Português
Assinale a opção que apresenta a frase cuja forma verbal está correta.
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Q2315576 Português
Leia o fragmento textual a seguir.
    “O ladrão tinha conseguido invadir a casa, arrombando a janela lateral, e se lembrou de um outro assalto, em que a janela arrombada caía exatamente sobre a cama dos donos da casa, o que o fez desistir. O cômodo em que estava era amplo e logo verificou que havia um pequeno laptop sobre uma mesinha, logo enfiado na mochila que levava nas costas. Certamente daria algum dinheiro, de que estava bem necessitado, no receptador habitual, em sua comunidade. Um pequeno ruído na cozinha fez com que escapasse rapidamente pela mesma janela por onde entrara.”
Sobre a estrutura narrativa desse fragmento, assinale a afirmativa correta.
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Q2315575 Português
Em muitos verbos, as formas do infinitivo e do futuro do subjuntivo são idênticas; assinale a frase abaixo em que a forma sublinhada exemplifica o futuro do subjuntivo e não o infinitivo. 
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Q2315574 Português
As formas verbais são causadoras de muitos problemas na língua escrita; assinale a opção em que a forma verbal sublinhada está corretamente conjugada.
Alternativas
Q2315573 Português
Em cada opção a seguir há duas frases com a mesma palavra sublinhada; assinale a opção em que as duas formas da mesma palavra exemplificam a mesma classe gramatical. 
Alternativas
Q2315572 Português
Entre as diversas palavras de nossa língua há algumas que foram classificadas à parte como palavras denotativas, com diversos valores.
Assinale a opção que apresenta a frase em que a palavra sublinhada é um advérbio e não uma palavra denotativa.
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Q2315571 Português
Leia o fragmento inicial de um texto:
    “Ao longo da história a mulher tem sido relegada a um segundo plano em relação ao homem a quem, ao contrário, se atribuiu o papel de sujeito ativo da história e promotor de suas mudanças. Isso se deve a que, culturalmente, os papéis destinados aos homens e às mulheres têm sido diferentes. A visão tradicional assumiu que o homem é quem deve manter e proteger o lar enquanto a mulher foi considerada débil e frágil e, por isso, foram-lhe destinados trabalhos domésticos como a criação dos filhos e o cuidado da casa, que são vistas como tarefas menos duras e mais simples. Essa visão deve ser superada na atualidade.”
Sobre a estruturação argumentativa desse pequeno texto, assinale a afirmação correta.
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Q2315570 Português
Leia o trecho a seguir.

    “Entretanto a noite chegava, semelhante a uma fumaça escura e já cobria os vales. Não era mais possível distingui-los das planícies. Já se iluminavam as cidades e suas constelações se sucediam. A terra estava cheia de apelos luminosos, cada casa acendendo sua estrela diante da imensa noite.”
SAINT-EXUPÉRY, Antoine de. Voo Noturno. Ed. Nova Fronteira. Rio de Janeiro. 1982.
Trata-se de um texto descritivo; assinale a observação que está adequada a esse fragmento.
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Q2315569 Português
Leia o seguinte fragmento textual:

    “Dizer as coisas como elas realmente são ou como realmente sucederam pode tornar-se problemático. A verdade implica uma correlação do que se diz com o que se sente ou pensa. Definir a verdade é simples, pô-la em prática é difícil, tanto que costumamos fazer uso das ‘mentiras piedosas’ quando não se quer ofender alguém com a verdade. Entretanto, a verdade não é só uma questão pessoal, mas também social. Isso fica evidente claramente no plano da política onde a verdade algumas vezes parece estar ausente. Um velho ditado romano dizia que ´a mulher de César não só deve ser honesta, mas também parecer honesta.´”

A citação do ditado romano tem a finalidade de
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Respostas
2581: E
2582: D
2583: C
2584: E
2585: A
2586: D
2587: B
2588: A
2589: E
2590: C
2591: A
2592: E
2593: B
2594: C
2595: E
2596: C
2597: B
2598: D
2599: A
2600: D