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Silicon Valley – America’s High Tech Centre
Silicon Valley is located in the southern part of the San Francisco Bay area. It originally got its name from the large number of companies that produced silicon chips. Today it is a general name for the high-tech industry of Northern California.
The beginning of Silicon Valley goes back to the early 20th century when the United States military and other companies started experimenting in the fields of radio, communications and electronics. The area also grew because Stanford and other universities and colleges produced a number of students who were interested in technology.
One of the first companies that started in Silicon Valley was Hewlett Packard. It was founded by two graduates of Stanford University in 1939. Today HP is the world’s largest technology company and operates in almost all countries in the world. After World War II an industrial park was built around Stanford University. Companies rented offices from the university and employed students as engineers and scientists.
In the 1950s the silicon transistor was developed and many companies started moving into the region. In the 1970s Silicon Valley became a well-known term in the United States because of the computer and software firms that were founded in the area. About a hundred new companies were established every year. Such growth was possible because people could found a company, get money and rent office space in only a few weeks. Among the well-known companies in the region are search engines Google and Yahoo!, chip producer Intel, computer and software manufacturers Apple and Adobe.
By 1992 Silicon Valley accounted for over 250,000 jobs and over 40% of California’s exports. Companies began calling in specialists from China and India because more and more high-tech scientists and engineers were needed.
When the Internet boom began in the 1990s a number of new so-called dot.com enterprises sprang up, including the online auction house eBay and others. When the boom collapsed at the beginning of the new millennium, thousands of high tech workers lost their jobs and couldn’t afford the high housing prices that the area produced. But even after the global financial crisis of 2008 Silicon Valley remains one of the top research and high-tech center in the world.
<http://www.english-online.at/technology/silicon-valley/silicon-valley-americas-high-tech-center.html>
“Os juros e todas novas regras se aplicam somente aos contratos novos. Você não pode mudar um contrato por vontade unilateral. O governo firmou um contrato com milhões de estudantes com determinadas regras e essas regras serão mantidas e respeitadas”.
Disponível em: http://g1.globo.com/
Esta fala do Ministro da Educação brasileiro comenta um programa de incentivo educacional que o Governo Federal mantém e que gerou muitas discussões no primeiro semestre de 2015 A qual programa o trecho se refere?
“No mesmo dia em que o primeiro-ministro grego, Alexis Tsipras, apelou para a população votar “não” no referendo marcado para o próximo domingo, uma pesquisa divulgada pelo instituto GPO, que ouviu mil pessoas em toda a Grécia, afirmou que o “sim” aparece na frente, com 47,1% dos entrevistados”.
Disponível em:Disponível em: <http://economia.estadao.com.br/noticias/geral, nova-pesquisa-mostrasim-a-frente-na-grecia,1717735>Acesso em 03 jul. 2015.
O trecho da notícia acima comenta a atual crise financeira grega. O primeiro-ministro do país convocou um plebiscito para consultar a população sobre:
Numa entrevista exclusiva ao Jornal Nacional, o ministro da Fazenda, Joaquim Levy, disse que controlar a inflação e pôr as contas públicas em ordem são as grandes preocupações do governo.
Disponível em:<http://g1.globo.com/jornal-nacional/noticia/2015/06/controle-da-inflacao-e-contas-em-ordem-sao-prioridade-afirma-levy.html> Acesso em: 19/06/15
Na linha do exposto acima, segundo o ministro da Fazenda, deve-se partir do princípio de que nesse momento “o Brasil só gasta o que arrecada”. De acordo com Levy, tal princípio não só se estabelece como é favorecido a partir da lei de:
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