Questões de Vestibular de Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Foram encontradas 4.863 questões

Ano: 2019 Banca: UEG Órgão: UEG Prova: UEG - 2019 - UEG - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q1391456 Inglês
This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


           Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
    Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
        These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

       Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
          For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
        At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
         Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
         Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
          Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

Considerando os aspectos semânticos presentes no texto, verifica-se que a construção
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Ano: 2019 Banca: UEG Órgão: UEG Prova: UEG - 2019 - UEG - Vestibular - Inglês |
Q1391455 Inglês
This is how UN scientists are preparing for the end of capitalism


           Capitalism as we know it is over. So suggests a new report commissioned by a group of scientists appointed by the UN secretary general. The main reason? We’re transitioning rapidly to a radically different global economy, due to our increasingly unsustainable exploitation of the planet’s environmental resources and the shift to less efficient energy sources .
    Climate change and species extinctions are accelerating even as societies are experiencing rising inequality, unemployment, slow economic growth, rising debt levels, and impotent governments. Contrary to the way policymakers usually think about these problems these are not really separate crises at all.
        These crises are part of the same fundamental transition. The new era is characterized by inefficient fossil fuel production and escalating costs of climate change. Conventional capitalist economic thinking can no longer explain, predict or solve the workings of the global economy in this new age.

Energy shift

       Those are the implications of a new background paper prepared by a team of Finnish biophysicists who were asked to provide research that would feed into the drafting of the UN Global Sustainable Development Report (GSDR), which will be released in 2019.
          For the “first time in human history”, the paper says, capitalist economies are “shifting to energy sources that are less energy efficient.” Producing usable energy (“exergy”) to keep powering “both basic and non-basic human activities” in industrial civilisation “will require more, not less, effort”.
        At the same time, our hunger for energy is driving what the paper refers to as “sink costs.” The greater our energy and material use, the more waste we generate, and so the greater the environmental costs. Though they can be ignored for a while, eventually those environmental costs translate directly into economic costs as it becomes more and more difficult to ignore their impacts on our societies.
         Overall, the amount of energy we can extract, compared to the energy we are using to extract it, is decreasing across the spectrum – unconventional oils, nuclear and renewables return less energy in generation than conventional oils, whose production has peaked – and societies need to abandon fossil fuels because of their impact on the climate.
         Whether or not this system still comprises a form of capitalism is ultimately a semantic question. It depends on how you define capitalism.
          Economic activity is driven by meaning – maintaining equal possibilities for the good life while lowering emissions dramatically – rather than profit, and the meaning is politically, collectively constructed. Well, this is the best conceivable case in terms of modern state and market institutions. It can’t happen without considerable reframing of economic-political thinking, in short words: rethinking capitalism as it is nowadays.



Disponível em: <https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/capitalism-un-scientists-preparing-end-fossil-fuels-warning-demise-a8523856.html>. Acesso em: 12 mar. 2019. (Adaptado).

Considerando as ideias apresentadas no texto, constata-se que
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Q1391057 Inglês
According to the information in the article, during the economic crisis
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Q1391056 Inglês
According to the information in the article, which of the following is one of Spain's serious problems?
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Q1391055 Inglês
In paragraph 3, the phrase "That puts it in a league with Germany..." most likely refers to which of the following?
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Q1391054 Inglês
According to the information in the article, which of the following is most likely a positive aspect of Spain's economy?
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Q1391052 Inglês
With respect to birds and radiation, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?
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Q1391049 Inglês
In paragraph 4, the phrase "This makes sense..." most likely refers specifically to which of the following?
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Q1391048 Inglês
With respect to the research activities of Timothy Mousseau and his colleagues, which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?
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Q1391046 Inglês
According to the information in the article, Timothy Mousseau and Anders Moller are most likely studying birds living near the Fukushima and Chernobyl power plants in order to
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Q1391045 Inglês
According to the information in the article, the disaster at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390469 Inglês

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


Facebook’s new data policy: Answers to your privacy questions

    Facebook, the world’s largest social network, revamped the policies it uses when collecting data on the more than 2 billion people who use it every month. As part of the new policy, released April 19, the company is also spelling out more clearly how it collects and uses that information about you.

    Where does Facebook get information about me?

    It finds this information from a mixture of photos, videos and thoughts you post on your timeline. It also gleans data from your interactions with Facebook friends, as well as the pages and posts you “like.” Plus, the company collects seven different kinds of information it takes from a phone, computer or tablet you’re using. That includes data about the version of software you’re running, how low your battery is and how much storage you have left on your device. On top of that, Facebook can access information about devices that are connected to the same network you’re on.

    This kind of info is often used for something industry experts call fingerprinting, which is how websites identify you based on all the data they can collect from your device.

(Adaptado de https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-data-policy-answers-to-your-privacyquestions-cambridge-analytica/. Publicado em: 21 abr. 2018.

Acesso em: 21 ago. 2018, às 16h31.)

“Fingerprinting”, segundo o texto, é a maneira pela qual
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390468 Inglês

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


Facebook’s new data policy: Answers to your privacy questions

    Facebook, the world’s largest social network, revamped the policies it uses when collecting data on the more than 2 billion people who use it every month. As part of the new policy, released April 19, the company is also spelling out more clearly how it collects and uses that information about you.

    Where does Facebook get information about me?

    It finds this information from a mixture of photos, videos and thoughts you post on your timeline. It also gleans data from your interactions with Facebook friends, as well as the pages and posts you “like.” Plus, the company collects seven different kinds of information it takes from a phone, computer or tablet you’re using. That includes data about the version of software you’re running, how low your battery is and how much storage you have left on your device. On top of that, Facebook can access information about devices that are connected to the same network you’re on.

    This kind of info is often used for something industry experts call fingerprinting, which is how websites identify you based on all the data they can collect from your device.

(Adaptado de https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-data-policy-answers-to-your-privacyquestions-cambridge-analytica/. Publicado em: 21 abr. 2018.

Acesso em: 21 ago. 2018, às 16h31.)

De acordo com as informações apresentadas no texto, os dados coletados pelo Facebook são
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390467 Inglês

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


Facebook’s new data policy: Answers to your privacy questions

    Facebook, the world’s largest social network, revamped the policies it uses when collecting data on the more than 2 billion people who use it every month. As part of the new policy, released April 19, the company is also spelling out more clearly how it collects and uses that information about you.

    Where does Facebook get information about me?

    It finds this information from a mixture of photos, videos and thoughts you post on your timeline. It also gleans data from your interactions with Facebook friends, as well as the pages and posts you “like.” Plus, the company collects seven different kinds of information it takes from a phone, computer or tablet you’re using. That includes data about the version of software you’re running, how low your battery is and how much storage you have left on your device. On top of that, Facebook can access information about devices that are connected to the same network you’re on.

    This kind of info is often used for something industry experts call fingerprinting, which is how websites identify you based on all the data they can collect from your device.

(Adaptado de https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-data-policy-answers-to-your-privacyquestions-cambridge-analytica/. Publicado em: 21 abr. 2018.

Acesso em: 21 ago. 2018, às 16h31.)

De acordo com o texto, indique a única informação correta sobre o Facebook.
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390466 Inglês

Considere o texto a seguir para responder à questão.


Facebook’s new data policy: Answers to your privacy questions

    Facebook, the world’s largest social network, revamped the policies it uses when collecting data on the more than 2 billion people who use it every month. As part of the new policy, released April 19, the company is also spelling out more clearly how it collects and uses that information about you.

    Where does Facebook get information about me?

    It finds this information from a mixture of photos, videos and thoughts you post on your timeline. It also gleans data from your interactions with Facebook friends, as well as the pages and posts you “like.” Plus, the company collects seven different kinds of information it takes from a phone, computer or tablet you’re using. That includes data about the version of software you’re running, how low your battery is and how much storage you have left on your device. On top of that, Facebook can access information about devices that are connected to the same network you’re on.

    This kind of info is often used for something industry experts call fingerprinting, which is how websites identify you based on all the data they can collect from your device.

(Adaptado de https://www.cnet.com/news/facebook-data-policy-answers-to-your-privacyquestions-cambridge-analytica/. Publicado em: 21 abr. 2018.

Acesso em: 21 ago. 2018, às 16h31.)

Segundo o texto, os usuários do Facebook não costumam:
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390465 Inglês

Considere o texto e o gráfico abaixo para responder à questão.



Corresponds to the quantification of homicides of women 15 years of age and over, killed by gender violence. Expressed in absolute number and rate per 100,000 women.

Femicide or feminicide in Latin America, the Caribbean and Spain

    According to official information provided by countries, in 2016 a total of 1,917 women from 17 countries in the region (14 from Latin America and 3 from the Caribbean) were victims of feminicide or femicide.

    Honduras is still, for all years in the historical series, the country of the region with the highest number of femicides (466 in 2016), reaching a worrying rate of 10,2 femicides per 100,000 women. El Salvador currently presents the highest rate of femicides: 11,0 per 100,000 women, meaning 349 deaths in 2016.

    Those figures are a strong call to attention to persevere in its efforts sustain and deepen efforts at national level to put an end to this problem. In addition to concrete measures of prevention, care, protection and reparation, the availability of information is another major challenge to eradicate violence against women.

(Adaptado de https://oig.cepal.org/en/indicators/femicide-or-feminicide.

Acesso em: 17 ago. 2018, às 16h25.)

Considerando as informações apresentadas sobre El Salvador, em 2016, a população de mulheres, com 15 anos ou mais, era de, aproximadamente,
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390464 Inglês

Considere o texto e o gráfico abaixo para responder à questão.



Corresponds to the quantification of homicides of women 15 years of age and over, killed by gender violence. Expressed in absolute number and rate per 100,000 women.

Femicide or feminicide in Latin America, the Caribbean and Spain

    According to official information provided by countries, in 2016 a total of 1,917 women from 17 countries in the region (14 from Latin America and 3 from the Caribbean) were victims of feminicide or femicide.

    Honduras is still, for all years in the historical series, the country of the region with the highest number of femicides (466 in 2016), reaching a worrying rate of 10,2 femicides per 100,000 women. El Salvador currently presents the highest rate of femicides: 11,0 per 100,000 women, meaning 349 deaths in 2016.

    Those figures are a strong call to attention to persevere in its efforts sustain and deepen efforts at national level to put an end to this problem. In addition to concrete measures of prevention, care, protection and reparation, the availability of information is another major challenge to eradicate violence against women.

(Adaptado de https://oig.cepal.org/en/indicators/femicide-or-feminicide.

Acesso em: 17 ago. 2018, às 16h25.)

Segundo as informações do gráfico, é correto afirmar que:
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390463 Inglês

Considere o texto e o gráfico abaixo para responder à questão.



Corresponds to the quantification of homicides of women 15 years of age and over, killed by gender violence. Expressed in absolute number and rate per 100,000 women.

Femicide or feminicide in Latin America, the Caribbean and Spain

    According to official information provided by countries, in 2016 a total of 1,917 women from 17 countries in the region (14 from Latin America and 3 from the Caribbean) were victims of feminicide or femicide.

    Honduras is still, for all years in the historical series, the country of the region with the highest number of femicides (466 in 2016), reaching a worrying rate of 10,2 femicides per 100,000 women. El Salvador currently presents the highest rate of femicides: 11,0 per 100,000 women, meaning 349 deaths in 2016.

    Those figures are a strong call to attention to persevere in its efforts sustain and deepen efforts at national level to put an end to this problem. In addition to concrete measures of prevention, care, protection and reparation, the availability of information is another major challenge to eradicate violence against women.

(Adaptado de https://oig.cepal.org/en/indicators/femicide-or-feminicide.

Acesso em: 17 ago. 2018, às 16h25.)

Os números “14” e “3”, apresentados no primeiro parágrafo do texto, informam a quantidade de:
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390462 Inglês

Considere a mensagem abaixo, retirada da página do jornal “The Guardian” na internet, para responder à questão.




Segundo as informações do texto e de seus conhecimentos prévios, um “paywall”:
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Ano: 2018 Banca: Esamc Órgão: Esamc Prova: Esamc - 2018 - Esamc - Vestibular - Primeiro Semestre |
Q1390461 Inglês

Considere a mensagem abaixo, retirada da página do jornal “The Guardian” na internet, para responder à questão.




De acordo com a mensagem, pode-se inferir que o jornal “The Guardian” almeja a:
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Respostas
801: A
802: C
803: E
804: D
805: C
806: A
807: B
808: A
809: E
810: B
811: D
812: E
813: B
814: A
815: A
816: D
817: B
818: E
819: C
820: A