Questões de Vestibular ESPM 2019 para Vestibular 2020/1 - RJ
Foram encontradas 80 questões
Yesterday misunderstands what made the Beatles so popular
By Noah Berlatsky
In its opening, the article:
Yesterday misunderstands what made the Beatles so popular
By Noah Berlatsky
Yesterday misunderstands what made the Beatles so popular
By Noah Berlatsky
Yesterday misunderstands what made the Beatles so popular
By Noah Berlatsky
Yesterday misunderstands what made the Beatles so popular
By Noah Berlatsky
4 Types of Deceptive Advertising
By Apryl Duncan
Deceptive advertising is officially defined by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as “practices that have been found misleading or deceptive. Specific cases include false oral or written representations, misleading price claims, sales of hazardous or systematically defective products or services without adequate disclosures, failure to disclose information regarding pyramid sales, use of bait and switch techniques, failure to perform promised services, and failure to meet warranty obligations.
However, it’s important to note that deceptive advertising does not represent the entire industry, and makes up a very small percentage of the ads you will encounter every day. But there are always people out there looking to dupe consumers and make money in any way that they can. Here are some examples of deceptive and unethical advertising practices and scams that you need to look out for.
Hidden Fees
In this example, the advertising is not fully disclosing the true cost of the item. You may see an ad for a computer or tablet that says “Only $99!” and you can’t wait to go into the store and buy it or order it online. However, suddenly you are hit with a whole bunch of charges that you were not expecting. In some cases, shipping fees will be extortionate, often costing more than the product itself. Or, you may have to pay handling fees that are excessive.
Often, hidden fees can be spotted by the asterisk (*) that accompanies the incredible deal. Guaranteed, there will be a big difference between “Only $99!” and “Only $99!*” That asterisk basically says “hey, this is not the final price, you will have to jump through major hoops or fork over a lot more cash.” So, if you see an asterisk, read the small print carefully. Whether it’s a small item, a car, or even a home, hidden fees are a deceptive way of luring you in. By the time you realize there’s more to pay, it can be too late.
Bait and Switch
In short, bait and switch is when the advertisement entices you with a product, but makes a significant switch when you go to purchase it.
For instance, suddenly the laptop
you wanted is not in stock, but there is a
different one that is lower spec and costs
twice as much. Chances are that the
original laptop was never in stock, or at
least, not for the price advertised.
Another example would be advertising a car at the base price, but with all of the top-of-the-line features included in the ad. When you get to the dealership, you have to pay much more to get the car actually shown in the ad. Sometimes, an offer can feel like bait and switch but it’s not. If you want that laptop and it is sold out, but you are offered a similar laptop with a very similar spec, at an almost identical price, that’s perfectly fine. You just missed out on the original deal.
Misleading Claims
Misleading claims use tricky language to make the consumer believe they are getting one thing when they are in fact getting less (or paying more). A British TV show called The Real Hustle had a great example of this in action. The presenters, who know the ins and outs of so many con games, set up stalls to sell seemingly awesome products at cheap prices.
At no time do the hustlers break the law by making claims that are untrue, but the verbiage leads people to believe they are buying something way better than they’re actually getting. One of the cruelest was advertising a DIY model plane for a price that seemed like a steal. Things like “easy to assemble” and “it really flies” were on the box. But inside...
it was just a blank sheet of paper, with a set of instructions on how to make a paper plane. Did they break the law? No. Did they deceive? Yes.
Ambiguous or “Best Case Scenario” Photography
Another way of cheating people is to take photographs of the product being sold, but in a way that makes them seem way better than they are. Shady hotels have often used this technique to make the rooms look bigger, by setting up the camera in the corner of the room and using a fisheye lens.
Food photography can suffer from the “best case scenario” photography. If you have ever ordered a burger from a fast food place, you will know this well. The burger on the menu is perfect. It’s thick, juicy, 4 inches high, and looks incredible. But the burger you receive, while it may have the same ingredients, is a sad interpretation of that image. The bun is flat, the burger is a mess, ketchup and mustard are pouring out of the sides.
This is something we accept as consumers because we know the burger in the photograph was assembled by expert designers and food artists, over the course of many hours, whereas the poor kitchen hand has to throw your burger together in a few seconds to meet your time demands. But, don’t take that to mean you can never complain about this kind of photography. If you buy something that is clearly of poorer quality than the item shown in the picture, you can demand a refund.
(Adapted from www.thebalancecareers.com, February 02, 2019)
4 Types of Deceptive Advertising
By Apryl Duncan
Deceptive advertising is officially defined by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as “practices that have been found misleading or deceptive. Specific cases include false oral or written representations, misleading price claims, sales of hazardous or systematically defective products or services without adequate disclosures, failure to disclose information regarding pyramid sales, use of bait and switch techniques, failure to perform promised services, and failure to meet warranty obligations.
However, it’s important to note that deceptive advertising does not represent the entire industry, and makes up a very small percentage of the ads you will encounter every day. But there are always people out there looking to dupe consumers and make money in any way that they can. Here are some examples of deceptive and unethical advertising practices and scams that you need to look out for.
Hidden Fees
In this example, the advertising is not fully disclosing the true cost of the item. You may see an ad for a computer or tablet that says “Only $99!” and you can’t wait to go into the store and buy it or order it online. However, suddenly you are hit with a whole bunch of charges that you were not expecting. In some cases, shipping fees will be extortionate, often costing more than the product itself. Or, you may have to pay handling fees that are excessive.
Often, hidden fees can be spotted by the asterisk (*) that accompanies the incredible deal. Guaranteed, there will be a big difference between “Only $99!” and “Only $99!*” That asterisk basically says “hey, this is not the final price, you will have to jump through major hoops or fork over a lot more cash.” So, if you see an asterisk, read the small print carefully. Whether it’s a small item, a car, or even a home, hidden fees are a deceptive way of luring you in. By the time you realize there’s more to pay, it can be too late.
Bait and Switch
In short, bait and switch is when the advertisement entices you with a product, but makes a significant switch when you go to purchase it.
For instance, suddenly the laptop
you wanted is not in stock, but there is a
different one that is lower spec and costs
twice as much. Chances are that the
original laptop was never in stock, or at
least, not for the price advertised.
Another example would be advertising a car at the base price, but with all of the top-of-the-line features included in the ad. When you get to the dealership, you have to pay much more to get the car actually shown in the ad. Sometimes, an offer can feel like bait and switch but it’s not. If you want that laptop and it is sold out, but you are offered a similar laptop with a very similar spec, at an almost identical price, that’s perfectly fine. You just missed out on the original deal.
Misleading Claims
Misleading claims use tricky language to make the consumer believe they are getting one thing when they are in fact getting less (or paying more). A British TV show called The Real Hustle had a great example of this in action. The presenters, who know the ins and outs of so many con games, set up stalls to sell seemingly awesome products at cheap prices.
At no time do the hustlers break the law by making claims that are untrue, but the verbiage leads people to believe they are buying something way better than they’re actually getting. One of the cruelest was advertising a DIY model plane for a price that seemed like a steal. Things like “easy to assemble” and “it really flies” were on the box. But inside...
it was just a blank sheet of paper, with a set of instructions on how to make a paper plane. Did they break the law? No. Did they deceive? Yes.
Ambiguous or “Best Case Scenario” Photography
Another way of cheating people is to take photographs of the product being sold, but in a way that makes them seem way better than they are. Shady hotels have often used this technique to make the rooms look bigger, by setting up the camera in the corner of the room and using a fisheye lens.
Food photography can suffer from the “best case scenario” photography. If you have ever ordered a burger from a fast food place, you will know this well. The burger on the menu is perfect. It’s thick, juicy, 4 inches high, and looks incredible. But the burger you receive, while it may have the same ingredients, is a sad interpretation of that image. The bun is flat, the burger is a mess, ketchup and mustard are pouring out of the sides.
This is something we accept as consumers because we know the burger in the photograph was assembled by expert designers and food artists, over the course of many hours, whereas the poor kitchen hand has to throw your burger together in a few seconds to meet your time demands. But, don’t take that to mean you can never complain about this kind of photography. If you buy something that is clearly of poorer quality than the item shown in the picture, you can demand a refund.
(Adapted from www.thebalancecareers.com, February 02, 2019)
4 Types of Deceptive Advertising
By Apryl Duncan
Deceptive advertising is officially defined by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) as “practices that have been found misleading or deceptive. Specific cases include false oral or written representations, misleading price claims, sales of hazardous or systematically defective products or services without adequate disclosures, failure to disclose information regarding pyramid sales, use of bait and switch techniques, failure to perform promised services, and failure to meet warranty obligations.
However, it’s important to note that deceptive advertising does not represent the entire industry, and makes up a very small percentage of the ads you will encounter every day. But there are always people out there looking to dupe consumers and make money in any way that they can. Here are some examples of deceptive and unethical advertising practices and scams that you need to look out for.
Hidden Fees
In this example, the advertising is not fully disclosing the true cost of the item. You may see an ad for a computer or tablet that says “Only $99!” and you can’t wait to go into the store and buy it or order it online. However, suddenly you are hit with a whole bunch of charges that you were not expecting. In some cases, shipping fees will be extortionate, often costing more than the product itself. Or, you may have to pay handling fees that are excessive.
Often, hidden fees can be spotted by the asterisk (*) that accompanies the incredible deal. Guaranteed, there will be a big difference between “Only $99!” and “Only $99!*” That asterisk basically says “hey, this is not the final price, you will have to jump through major hoops or fork over a lot more cash.” So, if you see an asterisk, read the small print carefully. Whether it’s a small item, a car, or even a home, hidden fees are a deceptive way of luring you in. By the time you realize there’s more to pay, it can be too late.
Bait and Switch
In short, bait and switch is when the advertisement entices you with a product, but makes a significant switch when you go to purchase it.
For instance, suddenly the laptop
you wanted is not in stock, but there is a
different one that is lower spec and costs
twice as much. Chances are that the
original laptop was never in stock, or at
least, not for the price advertised.
Another example would be advertising a car at the base price, but with all of the top-of-the-line features included in the ad. When you get to the dealership, you have to pay much more to get the car actually shown in the ad. Sometimes, an offer can feel like bait and switch but it’s not. If you want that laptop and it is sold out, but you are offered a similar laptop with a very similar spec, at an almost identical price, that’s perfectly fine. You just missed out on the original deal.
Misleading Claims
Misleading claims use tricky language to make the consumer believe they are getting one thing when they are in fact getting less (or paying more). A British TV show called The Real Hustle had a great example of this in action. The presenters, who know the ins and outs of so many con games, set up stalls to sell seemingly awesome products at cheap prices.
At no time do the hustlers break the law by making claims that are untrue, but the verbiage leads people to believe they are buying something way better than they’re actually getting. One of the cruelest was advertising a DIY model plane for a price that seemed like a steal. Things like “easy to assemble” and “it really flies” were on the box. But inside...
it was just a blank sheet of paper, with a set of instructions on how to make a paper plane. Did they break the law? No. Did they deceive? Yes.
Ambiguous or “Best Case Scenario” Photography
Another way of cheating people is to take photographs of the product being sold, but in a way that makes them seem way better than they are. Shady hotels have often used this technique to make the rooms look bigger, by setting up the camera in the corner of the room and using a fisheye lens.
Food photography can suffer from the “best case scenario” photography. If you have ever ordered a burger from a fast food place, you will know this well. The burger on the menu is perfect. It’s thick, juicy, 4 inches high, and looks incredible. But the burger you receive, while it may have the same ingredients, is a sad interpretation of that image. The bun is flat, the burger is a mess, ketchup and mustard are pouring out of the sides.
This is something we accept as consumers because we know the burger in the photograph was assembled by expert designers and food artists, over the course of many hours, whereas the poor kitchen hand has to throw your burger together in a few seconds to meet your time demands. But, don’t take that to mean you can never complain about this kind of photography. If you buy something that is clearly of poorer quality than the item shown in the picture, you can demand a refund.
(Adapted from www.thebalancecareers.com, February 02, 2019)
In the comic strip above, Calvin becomes upset because:
Considerado o ‘Pai da História’, foi bem mais um agradável narrador do que um historiador, demasiado inclinado a longas digressões, e aparentemente dócil às narrativas fantasiosas de seus informadores, mas tratou no seu conjunto do grande problema das Guerras Médicas(relações entre gregos e bárbaros).
(Paul Petit. História Antiga.)
Estadista malogrado, exilado, consagrou-se à história da Guerra do Peloponeso, cuja importância parece ter percebido bem logo, o que não é pequeno mérito. Criticando seus predecessores, elimina o maravilhoso e o sobrenatural e coloca a psicologia humana no centro do real, que torna inteligível mediante a demonstração do encadeamento das causas e dos acontecimentos.
(Paul Petit. História Antiga.)
A Catedral de Notre Dame apresenta como estilo dominante o(a):
(bbc.com/portuguese/geral 2/5/2019)
Assinale a alternativa que apresente, respectivamente, uma das obras pintadas por Da Vinci, bem como um dos conhecimentos cultivados no Renascimento Cultural que ele contribuiu para desenvolver:
Três monarcas governaram Portugal durante o século XVIII. O longo reinado de Dom João V cobriu a primeira metade do século, durante a qual fluíram grandes riquezas para Lisboa, vindas dos territórios brasileiros, a ‘vaca leiteira’ de Portugal, como tão pitorescamente descreveu o professor Charles Boxer o papel da América Portuguesa nesse período. Em 1750 Dom João V foi sucedido por seu filho Dom José I, cujo reinado se assinalou pela longa predominância do Marques de Pombal nos assuntos de Estado e pelo reinado da devota, e mais tarde louca, Dona Maria I, que sucedeu ao seu pai em 1777.
(Kenneth Maxwell. Marques de Pombal: paradoxo do Iluminismo)
A partir da leitura do texto e tendo em conta
a relação entre a política de Marques de Pombal e o Brasil, assinale a alternativa que apresente a grande riqueza que fluía para Portugal levada do território brasileiro, bem como
uma medida da administração pombalina
com impacto na exploração de tal riqueza:
(Cláudio Vicentino e Gianpaolo Dorigo. História do Brasil.)
A iniciativa descrita no texto deve ser relacionada com:
(Lionel Richard. A Vida Cotidiana da República de Weimar)
O texto deve ser relacionado diretamente com:
Encerrada a Primeira Guerra Mundial em 1918, para surpresa dos diplomatas europeus, Wilson viajou ao Velho Mundo a fim de participar das discussões da paz ocorridas na Conferência de Paris (1919).
Na composição da delegação norte- -americana, que acompanhou o presidente à Conferência de Paris, não havia um único representante do Partido Republicano ou do Senado, o que constituía erro imperdoável.
(Aquino, Jesus, Oscar. História das Sociedades Americanas)
A situação tratada no texto teve como efeito
nos Estados Unidos:
Com trombose cerebral, Costa e Silva se afasta
O jornal acrescentava: Pouco antes das 22 horas deste domingo 31/8, a Agência Nacional informou o país, em cadeia de rádio e televisão que o presidente Arthur da Costa e Silva, acometido de trombose cerebral, está temporariamente impedido de chefiar o governo.
Reunido no Rio de Janeiro, o Alto Comando das Forças Armadas editou o Ato Institucional No. 12, que teve por efeito:
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