Questões Militares de Inglês

Captain Crenshaw, in his book ”Naval Shiphandling”, states that “Shiphandling is the art of handling the velocities of a ship”. So, a pilot uses forces of engines, propellers, rudders, the wind and the tide, lines, tugs and anchors to control the velocities of a ship.
One of the most important sources of force on a ship is her own propeller and the pilot must understand the action of a propeller in order to be able to predict its action on ship.
A propeller produces side forces in addition to thrust along the propeller shaft. A ship can rotates to starboard or port as function of these side forces.
Pilot Antonio is studying propeller side force, on a single right-hand screw propeller, and knows that it can be broken down in four parts: following wake effect, inclination effect, helical discharge effect and shallow submergence effect. Antonio wrote the following consideration:
I) The following wake effect produces a net force tending to move the stern to right and cause the ship to veer to the port.
II) The inclination effect is net effect that tends to twist the ship to the right.
III) The shallow submergence effect tends the stern to starboard and cause the ship to veer to the left.
IV) The helical discharge effect tends to turn the ship to the right.

From the list of Antonio is correct to affirm, according to the book “Naval Shiphandling”, that:  

In a single propeller ship going ahead, with a right-hand screw, as a blade moves downward it meets water which is moving upward as well as aft. This is equivalent to _________________ the relative velocity and the angle of attack at same time and thus, _________________ in thrust is experienced. On the opposite side, a ______________ in thrust is experienced. The net effect of the reaction to the inclined flow, then, is a _________________ tending to _____________the ship to the _____________.
According to R. S. Crenshaw, Jr., in the book “Naval Shiphandling”, which answer best fill in the blanks? 

Complete the sentence by writing a word or phrase to emphasize that although something may happen or may be true, another situation remains the same.
There are many reasons why voters might be concerned about violent crime, ______ official statistics do not show an increase in the nation’s total violent crime rate.

Read again the sentence below:
Both the FBI and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported a roughly 30% increase in the U.S. murder rate between 2019 and 2020, marking one of the largest year-over-year increases ever recorded.
What the word roughly means in the sentence?

Read Text 1 again and check what the underlined words refer to.