Questões de Inglês - Artigos | Articles para Concurso

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.

Memory hacks to make you smarter

1. No matter how smart you think you are, the chances are that you sometimes fail to make
2. the most of your memory. A series of surveys have shown most students fail to use proven
3. methods of learning _________, instead wasting their time on ineffective methods. One of the
4. problems is that we often receive a lot of conflicting information from parents, teachers, and
5. scientists, so that we are unsure what works and what doesn’t. Fortunately, a new paper,
6. published in one of the top psychology journals, has examined the biggest misconceptions, with
7. a list of the most popular study strategies, the potential pitfalls, and the ways that they can use
8. them more effectively.
9. Strategy 1: Rereading: Learning new vocabulary? The most common strategy is to read
10. the words and their meanings until they stick. Unfortunately, psychologists believe that it is too
11. passive, meaning that most of the information fails to leave an impression.
12. Memory hack: Space your reading: Passive rereading is probably the least effective
13. study method, but it may sometimes feel inevitable if you feel like you lack a basic understanding
14. of the concepts. You can make better use of those sessions, however, by ensuring that you return
15. to the material at regular intervals. You might read a chapter, move on to something else, and
16. then re-read it after an hour, a day, or a week to help stimulate the memory. You can also benefit
17. from questioning your understanding before you return to the material, which helps tune your
18. attention on the bits you do and don’t know and increases your mental engagement.
19. Strategy 2: Underlining and highlighting: Like rereading, this study technique is nearly
20. ubiquitous. The idea makes sense: the process of underlining key words and phrases should help
21. you to engage more with the information, and it makes it easier to identify the most important
22. passages later on. Although it can be more effective than passive rereading, underlining and
23. highlighting often fail to work, with most students __________ marking up almost every
24. paragraph without much discernment.
25. Memory hack: Pause to think: Instead, the scientists suggest that you read the text
26. once through cold, and then mark up the relevant passages on the second pass. By forcing you
27. to think more carefully about each point and its relative importance in the overall argument, this
28. encourages the more active processing that is essential for the formation of stronger memories.
29. Strategy 3: Note-taking. Visit any lecture theatre or library and you will find students
30. ________ copying the most important facts into their notebooks. Like underlining and
31. highlighting, the problems come when you fail to be judicious about the material you are
32. including. Your overenthusiasm – and propensity to include everything that is mentioned – can
33. easily become a vice.
34. Memory hack: Be concise. Experiments have shown that the fewer words students use
35. to express an idea in their notes, the more likely they are to remember it afterwards. This is
36. probably because creating summaries and paraphrasing force you to think deeply about the nub
37. of the idea you are trying to express – and that additional effort cements it in your memory.
38. These findings may also explain why it is better to take notes with a pen and paper, rather than
39. using a laptop: writing by hand is slower than typing and forces you to be more concise in what
40. you note down.

(Source: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20180904-five-memory-hacks-to-make-you-smarter - Adapted)

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.

Memory hacks to make you smarter

1. No matter how smart you think you are, the chances are that you sometimes fail to make
2. the most of your memory. A series of surveys have shown most students fail to use proven
3. methods of learning _________, instead wasting their time on ineffective methods. One of the
4. problems is that we often receive a lot of conflicting information from parents, teachers, and
5. scientists, so that we are unsure what works and what doesn’t. Fortunately, a new paper,
6. published in one of the top psychology journals, has examined the biggest misconceptions, with
7. a list of the most popular study strategies, the potential pitfalls, and the ways that they can use
8. them more effectively.
9. Strategy 1: Rereading: Learning new vocabulary? The most common strategy is to read
10. the words and their meanings until they stick. Unfortunately, psychologists believe that it is too
11. passive, meaning that most of the information fails to leave an impression.
12. Memory hack: Space your reading: Passive rereading is probably the least effective
13. study method, but it may sometimes feel inevitable if you feel like you lack a basic understanding
14. of the concepts. You can make better use of those sessions, however, by ensuring that you return
15. to the material at regular intervals. You might read a chapter, move on to something else, and
16. then re-read it after an hour, a day, or a week to help stimulate the memory. You can also benefit
17. from questioning your understanding before you return to the material, which helps tune your
18. attention on the bits you do and don’t know and increases your mental engagement.
19. Strategy 2: Underlining and highlighting: Like rereading, this study technique is nearly
20. ubiquitous. The idea makes sense: the process of underlining key words and phrases should help
21. you to engage more with the information, and it makes it easier to identify the most important
22. passages later on. Although it can be more effective than passive rereading, underlining and
23. highlighting often fail to work, with most students __________ marking up almost every
24. paragraph without much discernment.
25. Memory hack: Pause to think: Instead, the scientists suggest that you read the text
26. once through cold, and then mark up the relevant passages on the second pass. By forcing you
27. to think more carefully about each point and its relative importance in the overall argument, this
28. encourages the more active processing that is essential for the formation of stronger memories.
29. Strategy 3: Note-taking. Visit any lecture theatre or library and you will find students
30. ________ copying the most important facts into their notebooks. Like underlining and
31. highlighting, the problems come when you fail to be judicious about the material you are
32. including. Your overenthusiasm – and propensity to include everything that is mentioned – can
33. easily become a vice.
34. Memory hack: Be concise. Experiments have shown that the fewer words students use
35. to express an idea in their notes, the more likely they are to remember it afterwards. This is
36. probably because creating summaries and paraphrasing force you to think deeply about the nub
37. of the idea you are trying to express – and that additional effort cements it in your memory.
38. These findings may also explain why it is better to take notes with a pen and paper, rather than
39. using a laptop: writing by hand is slower than typing and forces you to be more concise in what
40. you note down.

(Source: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20180904-five-memory-hacks-to-make-you-smarter - Adapted)

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.

Memory hacks to make you smarter

1. No matter how smart you think you are, the chances are that you sometimes fail to make
2. the most of your memory. A series of surveys have shown most students fail to use proven
3. methods of learning _________, instead wasting their time on ineffective methods. One of the
4. problems is that we often receive a lot of conflicting information from parents, teachers, and
5. scientists, so that we are unsure what works and what doesn’t. Fortunately, a new paper,
6. published in one of the top psychology journals, has examined the biggest misconceptions, with
7. a list of the most popular study strategies, the potential pitfalls, and the ways that they can use
8. them more effectively.
9. Strategy 1: Rereading: Learning new vocabulary? The most common strategy is to read
10. the words and their meanings until they stick. Unfortunately, psychologists believe that it is too
11. passive, meaning that most of the information fails to leave an impression.
12. Memory hack: Space your reading: Passive rereading is probably the least effective
13. study method, but it may sometimes feel inevitable if you feel like you lack a basic understanding
14. of the concepts. You can make better use of those sessions, however, by ensuring that you return
15. to the material at regular intervals. You might read a chapter, move on to something else, and
16. then re-read it after an hour, a day, or a week to help stimulate the memory. You can also benefit
17. from questioning your understanding before you return to the material, which helps tune your
18. attention on the bits you do and don’t know and increases your mental engagement.
19. Strategy 2: Underlining and highlighting: Like rereading, this study technique is nearly
20. ubiquitous. The idea makes sense: the process of underlining key words and phrases should help
21. you to engage more with the information, and it makes it easier to identify the most important
22. passages later on. Although it can be more effective than passive rereading, underlining and
23. highlighting often fail to work, with most students __________ marking up almost every
24. paragraph without much discernment.
25. Memory hack: Pause to think: Instead, the scientists suggest that you read the text
26. once through cold, and then mark up the relevant passages on the second pass. By forcing you
27. to think more carefully about each point and its relative importance in the overall argument, this
28. encourages the more active processing that is essential for the formation of stronger memories.
29. Strategy 3: Note-taking. Visit any lecture theatre or library and you will find students
30. ________ copying the most important facts into their notebooks. Like underlining and
31. highlighting, the problems come when you fail to be judicious about the material you are
32. including. Your overenthusiasm – and propensity to include everything that is mentioned – can
33. easily become a vice.
34. Memory hack: Be concise. Experiments have shown that the fewer words students use
35. to express an idea in their notes, the more likely they are to remember it afterwards. This is
36. probably because creating summaries and paraphrasing force you to think deeply about the nub
37. of the idea you are trying to express – and that additional effort cements it in your memory.
38. These findings may also explain why it is better to take notes with a pen and paper, rather than
39. using a laptop: writing by hand is slower than typing and forces you to be more concise in what
40. you note down.

(Source: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20180904-five-memory-hacks-to-make-you-smarter - Adapted)

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.

Memory hacks to make you smarter

1. No matter how smart you think you are, the chances are that you sometimes fail to make
2. the most of your memory. A series of surveys have shown most students fail to use proven
3. methods of learning _________, instead wasting their time on ineffective methods. One of the
4. problems is that we often receive a lot of conflicting information from parents, teachers, and
5. scientists, so that we are unsure what works and what doesn’t. Fortunately, a new paper,
6. published in one of the top psychology journals, has examined the biggest misconceptions, with
7. a list of the most popular study strategies, the potential pitfalls, and the ways that they can use
8. them more effectively.
9. Strategy 1: Rereading: Learning new vocabulary? The most common strategy is to read
10. the words and their meanings until they stick. Unfortunately, psychologists believe that it is too
11. passive, meaning that most of the information fails to leave an impression.
12. Memory hack: Space your reading: Passive rereading is probably the least effective
13. study method, but it may sometimes feel inevitable if you feel like you lack a basic understanding
14. of the concepts. You can make better use of those sessions, however, by ensuring that you return
15. to the material at regular intervals. You might read a chapter, move on to something else, and
16. then re-read it after an hour, a day, or a week to help stimulate the memory. You can also benefit
17. from questioning your understanding before you return to the material, which helps tune your
18. attention on the bits you do and don’t know and increases your mental engagement.
19. Strategy 2: Underlining and highlighting: Like rereading, this study technique is nearly
20. ubiquitous. The idea makes sense: the process of underlining key words and phrases should help
21. you to engage more with the information, and it makes it easier to identify the most important
22. passages later on. Although it can be more effective than passive rereading, underlining and
23. highlighting often fail to work, with most students __________ marking up almost every
24. paragraph without much discernment.
25. Memory hack: Pause to think: Instead, the scientists suggest that you read the text
26. once through cold, and then mark up the relevant passages on the second pass. By forcing you
27. to think more carefully about each point and its relative importance in the overall argument, this
28. encourages the more active processing that is essential for the formation of stronger memories.
29. Strategy 3: Note-taking. Visit any lecture theatre or library and you will find students
30. ________ copying the most important facts into their notebooks. Like underlining and
31. highlighting, the problems come when you fail to be judicious about the material you are
32. including. Your overenthusiasm – and propensity to include everything that is mentioned – can
33. easily become a vice.
34. Memory hack: Be concise. Experiments have shown that the fewer words students use
35. to express an idea in their notes, the more likely they are to remember it afterwards. This is
36. probably because creating summaries and paraphrasing force you to think deeply about the nub
37. of the idea you are trying to express – and that additional effort cements it in your memory.
38. These findings may also explain why it is better to take notes with a pen and paper, rather than
39. using a laptop: writing by hand is slower than typing and forces you to be more concise in what
40. you note down.

(Source: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20180904-five-memory-hacks-to-make-you-smarter - Adapted)

Instruction: Answer questions 31 to 40 based on the following text.

Memory hacks to make you smarter

1. No matter how smart you think you are, the chances are that you sometimes fail to make
2. the most of your memory. A series of surveys have shown most students fail to use proven
3. methods of learning _________, instead wasting their time on ineffective methods. One of the
4. problems is that we often receive a lot of conflicting information from parents, teachers, and
5. scientists, so that we are unsure what works and what doesn’t. Fortunately, a new paper,
6. published in one of the top psychology journals, has examined the biggest misconceptions, with
7. a list of the most popular study strategies, the potential pitfalls, and the ways that they can use
8. them more effectively.
9. Strategy 1: Rereading: Learning new vocabulary? The most common strategy is to read
10. the words and their meanings until they stick. Unfortunately, psychologists believe that it is too
11. passive, meaning that most of the information fails to leave an impression.
12. Memory hack: Space your reading: Passive rereading is probably the least effective
13. study method, but it may sometimes feel inevitable if you feel like you lack a basic understanding
14. of the concepts. You can make better use of those sessions, however, by ensuring that you return
15. to the material at regular intervals. You might read a chapter, move on to something else, and
16. then re-read it after an hour, a day, or a week to help stimulate the memory. You can also benefit
17. from questioning your understanding before you return to the material, which helps tune your
18. attention on the bits you do and don’t know and increases your mental engagement.
19. Strategy 2: Underlining and highlighting: Like rereading, this study technique is nearly
20. ubiquitous. The idea makes sense: the process of underlining key words and phrases should help
21. you to engage more with the information, and it makes it easier to identify the most important
22. passages later on. Although it can be more effective than passive rereading, underlining and
23. highlighting often fail to work, with most students __________ marking up almost every
24. paragraph without much discernment.
25. Memory hack: Pause to think: Instead, the scientists suggest that you read the text
26. once through cold, and then mark up the relevant passages on the second pass. By forcing you
27. to think more carefully about each point and its relative importance in the overall argument, this
28. encourages the more active processing that is essential for the formation of stronger memories.
29. Strategy 3: Note-taking. Visit any lecture theatre or library and you will find students
30. ________ copying the most important facts into their notebooks. Like underlining and
31. highlighting, the problems come when you fail to be judicious about the material you are
32. including. Your overenthusiasm – and propensity to include everything that is mentioned – can
33. easily become a vice.
34. Memory hack: Be concise. Experiments have shown that the fewer words students use
35. to express an idea in their notes, the more likely they are to remember it afterwards. This is
36. probably because creating summaries and paraphrasing force you to think deeply about the nub
37. of the idea you are trying to express – and that additional effort cements it in your memory.
38. These findings may also explain why it is better to take notes with a pen and paper, rather than
39. using a laptop: writing by hand is slower than typing and forces you to be more concise in what
40. you note down.

(Source: http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20180904-five-memory-hacks-to-make-you-smarter - Adapted)

Brit dad is the first person to take

a holiday in the ruins of failed state ISIS

in Northern Iraq

Dad-of-four Andy Drury, 53, had no visas and was in danger of kidnapping from militia d uring his £4,000 three-day break in Mosul, Northern Iraq. But he has _______ back stunning photos of t he former IS stronghold.

Building firm owner Andy, of Guildford, Surrey, has spent the last 20 years touring areas of the planet most people do not dare to go and first visited this a rea in 2016.

He said of one visit to a dangerous area near Mosul : “I was nervous, my heart was in my mouth for 20 minutes.

“We had been turned away by Iraqi forces. If caught , we could have been jailed for spying.”

Andy added: “I must be the first person to be have been a tourist in the ruins of Islamic State.

“My fixer Ammar (not his real name) was right on th e front line for the taking back of Mosul, taking repor ters in there.

“But he said he is more scared with me, with the ne ws reporters he was in an armoured car, but with m e on the front line a couple of years ago, he said I di dn’t wear a vest or helmet or nothing, he said that w as scarier.”

Andy said he doesn’t wear protective clothing beca use he tries to stumble on as little front line fighting as possible.

The businessman is meticulous in the planning of hi s trips and so far has holidayed in no-goareas like Somalia, North Korea and Afghanistan, as well as spending time with the Klu Klux Klan.

Andy said:

“Driving in from Iraq and Kurdistan, all the buildings were beautiful, and then it changes, and I’ve never seen nothing like it, it was like an apocalyptic film.

Fonte: https://www.thesun.co.uk/travel/10087541/br it-dad-holiday-isis-iraq/ Acesso em: 09/Out/2019

Brit dad is the first person to take

a holiday in the ruins of failed state ISIS

in Northern Iraq

Dad-of-four Andy Drury, 53, had no visas and was in danger of kidnapping from militia d uring his £4,000 three-day break in Mosul, Northern Iraq. But he has _______ back stunning photos of t he former IS stronghold.

Building firm owner Andy, of Guildford, Surrey, has spent the last 20 years touring areas of the planet most people do not dare to go and first visited this a rea in 2016.

He said of one visit to a dangerous area near Mosul : “I was nervous, my heart was in my mouth for 20 minutes.

“We had been turned away by Iraqi forces. If caught , we could have been jailed for spying.”

Andy added: “I must be the first person to be have been a tourist in the ruins of Islamic State.

“My fixer Ammar (not his real name) was right on th e front line for the taking back of Mosul, taking repor ters in there.

“But he said he is more scared with me, with the ne ws reporters he was in an armoured car, but with m e on the front line a couple of years ago, he said I di dn’t wear a vest or helmet or nothing, he said that w as scarier.”

Andy said he doesn’t wear protective clothing beca use he tries to stumble on as little front line fighting as possible.

The businessman is meticulous in the planning of hi s trips and so far has holidayed in no-goareas like Somalia, North Korea and Afghanistan, as well as spending time with the Klu Klux Klan.

Andy said:

“Driving in from Iraq and Kurdistan, all the buildings were beautiful, and then it changes, and I’ve never seen nothing like it, it was like an apocalyptic film.

Fonte: https://www.thesun.co.uk/travel/10087541/br it-dad-holiday-isis-iraq/ Acesso em: 09/Out/2019

Look up for two meteor showers this week

Shooting stars and fireballs could create quite a show

in the night sky this week courtesy of two meteor sh owers.

The Draconid meteor shower will be active through October 10, although Tuesday night might afford th e best view.

The

South Taurid meteor shower is expected to peak on the evenings of October 9 and 10, according to the American Meteor Society. If this doesn't pan out, the Royal

Astronomical Society of Canada's Observer's Handbook suggests that the peak could be on Nove mber 6.

Look out for the Draconid meteor shower in the early evening or nightfall. This won't be one you have to stay up past midnight to see.

The full moon is on October 13, but even in the days lea ding up to it, the bright moon may obscure the light of the meteors. However, the Draconid meteor sho wer is on the smaller side. Expect to see a few met eors streak across the sky in an hour.

Fonte: https://edition.cnn.com/2019/10/08/world/dra conid-south-taurid-meteor-showers-scntrnd/index.html Acesso em 08/Out/2019

Leia o texto a seguir e responda de acordo com ele, as questões 2, 3 e 4.

‘It’s the only way to combat single-

use plastics’: Birmingham’s zero-

waste supermarket

Zero-

waste shopping promises to cut down on wasteful p ackaging and eradicate single-

use plastics from the weekly grocery shop. But can we really be weaned off our addiction to the ease a nd convenience offered by traditional supermarkets, with their pots of chilled products and plastic-

wrapped packs of fruit?

Jeanette Wong and partner Tom Pell think we can. In June 2018, they opened the Clean Kilo, a zerowaste vegetarian supermarket in Digbeth,

Birmingham where shoppers buy in bulk, bringing in their own containers and filling the m with everything from rice,

pulses and pasta to yoghurt, butter and milk.

The idea is to keep packaging to a minimum, so ev erything is scoopable, pourable and refillable. You c an squeeze your own orange juice, get ice-cream in cones and find a selection of fresh fruit and vegetab les. There are eco-

friendly cleaning products and personal care items. Moisturiser and body wash are sourced locally from nearby Bournville, and the contents of the five-

litre containers can be pumped into shoppers’ vess els. Washing up liquid, detergent and cleaners are dispensed from stainless steel containers into custo mers’ bottles, while laundry and dishwasher powder s are scooped into their containers. There’s not a pi ece of single-use plastic in sight.

Fonte: https://www.theguardian.com/productinnovation-with-henkel/2019/sep/24/its-the-onlyway-to-combat-single-use-plastics-birminghamszero-waste-supermarket Acesso em: 08/Out/2019

(Text 1) A Mc Donald’s super-fan has kept a burger and fries in a glass cabinet for 10 years - and it still looks fine to eat.

The so-called "indestructible" McDonald's meal has no sign of mould or decay, despite having been first served up a decade ago.

Back in 2009, McDonald's closed down all three of its restaurants ____ Iceland.

And one man decided to buy the icy nation's final hamburger and fries - so the meal could live on after the chain's closure.

"I had heard that McDonald's never decompose so I just wanted to see if it was true or not," Hjortur Smarason said.

It's now been exactly 10 years since Smarason made his purchase, and the meal barely looks older.

In fact, there's a livestream of the burger and fries available to watch online _____ free.

The not-so-happy meal is housed in a glass cabinet in Snotra House, a hostel in southern Iceland.

You can check out the livestream here <https://snotrahouse.com/last-mcdonalds/>..

"The old guy is still there, feeling quite well," said hostel owner Siggi Sigurdur, speaking to BBC News <https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/blogs-trending-50262547>. .

"It's a fun thing, of course, ______ it makes you think about what you are eating.

"There is no mould, it's only the paper wrapping that looks old.

" Why do McDonald's meals last so long? Here's what you need to know...

· Like many fast food outlets, McDonald's adds chemicals to its ingredients to make them last longer

· This saves McDonald's money and means you can get your meals for cheaper than you would otherwise

· These chemicals are called preservatives, which McDonald's say it adds "only when absolutely necessary, to ensure the food is safe to eat"

· "They will be used, for example, to prevent our bread and cheese from going mouldy and our pickles from spoiling," McDonald's explains

· You can find a full ingredient declaration for all McDonald's foods (including burgers) sold in the UK here

· The hostel says that people visit _____ around the world to see the burger.

· And it claims that the livestream website receives up to 400,000 hits every single day. · The meal hasn't always been kept in a glass cabinet, however.

· At first, Smarason stored the burger and fries in a plastic bag in his garage.

· After three years, he donated the meal to the National Museum of Iceland - and noticing barely any change in its appearance.

· The Museum decided that they weren't equipped to preserve the food, and then returned it to its original owner.

· "I think he was wrong because this hamburger preserves itself," Smarason said.

· The meal was then kept at a different hostel in Reykjavik, before being moved to its current home.

· We've asked McDonald's for a statement and will update this article with any response.

Disponível em: www.thesun.uk