Questões de Concurso Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês

Foram encontradas 9.443 questões

Q1989068 Inglês

Russia is making heaps of money from oil, but there is a way to stop that


        The United States and its allies are leaning heavily on economic sanctions to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. But a key element in that strategy, restrictions on Russian oil exports, mostly appears to be causing pain for ordinary people in other countries. European nations, in particular, are causing considerable damage to their own economies without reducing Russia’s oil revenue.

        Nations seeking to help Ukraine have focused on reducing Russia’s energy exports instead of reducing Russia’s earnings from energy exports. Russia is exporting less oil but, in a perverse twist, it is earning more money. The sanctions have raised prices, more than offsetting the decline in exports. In May 2022, Russia earned 883 million euros per day from oil exports, up from 633 million euros per day in May 2021.

        New sanctions that the European Union and Britain have agreed to impose on Russia by year’s end are likely to drive oil prices even higher. Some analysts warn that the price for a barrel of oil could exceed $ 200, well above the spike in the early weeks of the war, when oil prices topped out around $ 124.

Internet:<www.nytimes.com>(adapted). 

Based on the text above, judge the following items. 


It is correct to infer from the text that the US and its allies have shot themselves in the foot with their economic sanctions against Russia. 

Alternativas
Q1989003 Inglês

Environmental and economic impacts of crude oil and

natural gas production in developing countries


        Environmental impacts that occur during the production of crude oil would mostly occur from long-term habitat change within the oil and gas field, production activities (including facility component maintenance or replacement), waste management (e.g. produced water), noise (e.g. from well operations, compressor or pump stations, flare stack, vehicle and equipment), the presence of workers and potential spills.

        The adverse environmental impacts which could happen during production of crude oil and natural gas include: disturbance of wildlife due to noise and human activity; exposure of biota to contaminants; and mortality of biota resulting from collisions against aboveground facilities or with vehicles.

        The presence of production wells, ancillary facilities and access road reduces habitat quality, disturbs the biota and thus affects ecological resources. Discharge of produced water inappropriately onto soil or into surface water bodies can result in salinity levels becoming too high to sustain plant growth.

        Wildlife is always prone to have contact with petroleum-based products and other contaminants in reserve pits and water management facilities. Animals could become entrapped in the oil and drown, or they could ingest toxic quantities of oil, or succumb to cold stress if the oil damages the insulation provided by their feathers or fur.

Internet: <www.core.ac.uk>(adapted). 

Based on the text, judge the following items.


It is correct to conclude that the text emphasizes how agricultural production may be badly affected by higher salinity levels.

Alternativas
Q1989002 Inglês

Environmental and economic impacts of crude oil and

natural gas production in developing countries


        Environmental impacts that occur during the production of crude oil would mostly occur from long-term habitat change within the oil and gas field, production activities (including facility component maintenance or replacement), waste management (e.g. produced water), noise (e.g. from well operations, compressor or pump stations, flare stack, vehicle and equipment), the presence of workers and potential spills.

        The adverse environmental impacts which could happen during production of crude oil and natural gas include: disturbance of wildlife due to noise and human activity; exposure of biota to contaminants; and mortality of biota resulting from collisions against aboveground facilities or with vehicles.

        The presence of production wells, ancillary facilities and access road reduces habitat quality, disturbs the biota and thus affects ecological resources. Discharge of produced water inappropriately onto soil or into surface water bodies can result in salinity levels becoming too high to sustain plant growth.

        Wildlife is always prone to have contact with petroleum-based products and other contaminants in reserve pits and water management facilities. Animals could become entrapped in the oil and drown, or they could ingest toxic quantities of oil, or succumb to cold stress if the oil damages the insulation provided by their feathers or fur.

Internet: <www.core.ac.uk>(adapted). 

Based on the text, judge the following items. 


The last period of the text could be correctly rewritten, without this changing its meaning, as Animals would, then, become entrapped in the oil and drown, or ingest toxic quantities of oil, or succumb to cold stress if the oil damages the insulation provided by their feathers or fur

Alternativas
Q1989001 Inglês

Environmental and economic impacts of crude oil and

natural gas production in developing countries


        Environmental impacts that occur during the production of crude oil would mostly occur from long-term habitat change within the oil and gas field, production activities (including facility component maintenance or replacement), waste management (e.g. produced water), noise (e.g. from well operations, compressor or pump stations, flare stack, vehicle and equipment), the presence of workers and potential spills.

        The adverse environmental impacts which could happen during production of crude oil and natural gas include: disturbance of wildlife due to noise and human activity; exposure of biota to contaminants; and mortality of biota resulting from collisions against aboveground facilities or with vehicles.

        The presence of production wells, ancillary facilities and access road reduces habitat quality, disturbs the biota and thus affects ecological resources. Discharge of produced water inappropriately onto soil or into surface water bodies can result in salinity levels becoming too high to sustain plant growth.

        Wildlife is always prone to have contact with petroleum-based products and other contaminants in reserve pits and water management facilities. Animals could become entrapped in the oil and drown, or they could ingest toxic quantities of oil, or succumb to cold stress if the oil damages the insulation provided by their feathers or fur.

Internet: <www.core.ac.uk>(adapted). 

Based on the text, judge the following items. 


In the first period of the third paragraph, the expression “ancillary facilities” implies the idea of a place, a building or a piece of equipment that houses or is used for activities that support the production of oil. 

Alternativas
Q1988999 Inglês

Environmental and economic impacts of crude oil and

natural gas production in developing countries


        Environmental impacts that occur during the production of crude oil would mostly occur from long-term habitat change within the oil and gas field, production activities (including facility component maintenance or replacement), waste management (e.g. produced water), noise (e.g. from well operations, compressor or pump stations, flare stack, vehicle and equipment), the presence of workers and potential spills.

        The adverse environmental impacts which could happen during production of crude oil and natural gas include: disturbance of wildlife due to noise and human activity; exposure of biota to contaminants; and mortality of biota resulting from collisions against aboveground facilities or with vehicles.

        The presence of production wells, ancillary facilities and access road reduces habitat quality, disturbs the biota and thus affects ecological resources. Discharge of produced water inappropriately onto soil or into surface water bodies can result in salinity levels becoming too high to sustain plant growth.

        Wildlife is always prone to have contact with petroleum-based products and other contaminants in reserve pits and water management facilities. Animals could become entrapped in the oil and drown, or they could ingest toxic quantities of oil, or succumb to cold stress if the oil damages the insulation provided by their feathers or fur.

Internet: <www.core.ac.uk>(adapted). 

Based on the text, judge the following items. 


The environmental damages potentially caused by the oil and gas industry are many and varied, as there are different possible sources of problems.

Alternativas
Q1988998 Inglês

Russia is making heaps of money from oil, but there is a way to stop that


        The United States and its allies are leaning heavily on economic sanctions to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. But a key element in that strategy, restrictions on Russian oil exports, mostly appears to be causing pain for ordinary people in other countries. European nations, in particular, are causing considerable damage to their own economies without reducing Russia’s oil revenue.

        Nations seeking to help Ukraine have focused on reducing Russia’s energy exports instead of reducing Russia’s earnings from energy exports. Russia is exporting less oil but, in a perverse twist, it is earning more money. The sanctions have raised prices, more than offsetting the decline in exports. In May 2022, Russia earned 883 million euros per day from oil exports, up from 633 million euros per day in May 2021.

        New sanctions that the European Union and Britain have agreed to impose on Russia by year’s end are likely to drive oil prices even higher. Some analysts warn that the price for a barrel of oil could exceed $ 200, well above the spike in the early weeks of the war, when oil prices topped out around $ 124.

Internet:<www.nytimes.com>(adapted). 

Based on the text above, judge the following items. 


Even though oil prices have soared as a result of the sanctions imposed on Russia, they were not high enought to compensate for Russia’s loss in oil exports.

Alternativas
Q1988997 Inglês

Russia is making heaps of money from oil, but there is a way to stop that


        The United States and its allies are leaning heavily on economic sanctions to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. But a key element in that strategy, restrictions on Russian oil exports, mostly appears to be causing pain for ordinary people in other countries. European nations, in particular, are causing considerable damage to their own economies without reducing Russia’s oil revenue.

        Nations seeking to help Ukraine have focused on reducing Russia’s energy exports instead of reducing Russia’s earnings from energy exports. Russia is exporting less oil but, in a perverse twist, it is earning more money. The sanctions have raised prices, more than offsetting the decline in exports. In May 2022, Russia earned 883 million euros per day from oil exports, up from 633 million euros per day in May 2021.

        New sanctions that the European Union and Britain have agreed to impose on Russia by year’s end are likely to drive oil prices even higher. Some analysts warn that the price for a barrel of oil could exceed $ 200, well above the spike in the early weeks of the war, when oil prices topped out around $ 124.

Internet:<www.nytimes.com>(adapted). 

Based on the text above, judge the following items. 


It is correct to infer from the text that the US and its allies have shot themselves in the foot with their economic sanctions against Russia. 

Alternativas
Q1988996 Inglês

Russia is making heaps of money from oil, but there is a way to stop that


        The United States and its allies are leaning heavily on economic sanctions to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. But a key element in that strategy, restrictions on Russian oil exports, mostly appears to be causing pain for ordinary people in other countries. European nations, in particular, are causing considerable damage to their own economies without reducing Russia’s oil revenue.

        Nations seeking to help Ukraine have focused on reducing Russia’s energy exports instead of reducing Russia’s earnings from energy exports. Russia is exporting less oil but, in a perverse twist, it is earning more money. The sanctions have raised prices, more than offsetting the decline in exports. In May 2022, Russia earned 883 million euros per day from oil exports, up from 633 million euros per day in May 2021.

        New sanctions that the European Union and Britain have agreed to impose on Russia by year’s end are likely to drive oil prices even higher. Some analysts warn that the price for a barrel of oil could exceed $ 200, well above the spike in the early weeks of the war, when oil prices topped out around $ 124.

Internet:<www.nytimes.com>(adapted). 

Based on the text above, judge the following items. 


The text suggests that the pain caused for ordinary people by rising oil prices may worsen in the near future. 

Alternativas
Q1988995 Inglês

Russia is making heaps of money from oil, but there is a way to stop that


        The United States and its allies are leaning heavily on economic sanctions to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. But a key element in that strategy, restrictions on Russian oil exports, mostly appears to be causing pain for ordinary people in other countries. European nations, in particular, are causing considerable damage to their own economies without reducing Russia’s oil revenue.

        Nations seeking to help Ukraine have focused on reducing Russia’s energy exports instead of reducing Russia’s earnings from energy exports. Russia is exporting less oil but, in a perverse twist, it is earning more money. The sanctions have raised prices, more than offsetting the decline in exports. In May 2022, Russia earned 883 million euros per day from oil exports, up from 633 million euros per day in May 2021.

        New sanctions that the European Union and Britain have agreed to impose on Russia by year’s end are likely to drive oil prices even higher. Some analysts warn that the price for a barrel of oil could exceed $ 200, well above the spike in the early weeks of the war, when oil prices topped out around $ 124.

Internet:<www.nytimes.com>(adapted). 

Based on the text above, judge the following items. 


At the beginning of the war between Russia and Ukraine, there was a decrease in oil prices, which went from $ 200 a barrel to approximately $ 124 a barrel.

Alternativas
Q1988994 Inglês

Russia is making heaps of money from oil, but there is a way to stop that


        The United States and its allies are leaning heavily on economic sanctions to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. But a key element in that strategy, restrictions on Russian oil exports, mostly appears to be causing pain for ordinary people in other countries. European nations, in particular, are causing considerable damage to their own economies without reducing Russia’s oil revenue.

        Nations seeking to help Ukraine have focused on reducing Russia’s energy exports instead of reducing Russia’s earnings from energy exports. Russia is exporting less oil but, in a perverse twist, it is earning more money. The sanctions have raised prices, more than offsetting the decline in exports. In May 2022, Russia earned 883 million euros per day from oil exports, up from 633 million euros per day in May 2021.

        New sanctions that the European Union and Britain have agreed to impose on Russia by year’s end are likely to drive oil prices even higher. Some analysts warn that the price for a barrel of oil could exceed $ 200, well above the spike in the early weeks of the war, when oil prices topped out around $ 124.

Internet:<www.nytimes.com>(adapted). 

Based on the text above, judge the following items. 
The text criticizes the restrictions imposed on Russia’s exports because they do not affect the amount of oil available for purchase in international markets.  
Alternativas
Q1988597 Inglês
Text 15A13-I


   The European Commission has publicized new liability rules on digital products and artificial intelligence (AI) in order to protect consumers from harm, including in cases where cybersecurity vulnerabilities fail to be addressed. The two proposals the Commission adopted on September 28th, 2022 will modernize the existing rules on the strict liability of manufacturers for defective products, from smart technology to pharmaceuticals.
    Additionally, the Commission proposes – for the first time, it says – a targeted harmonization of national liability rules for AI, making it easier for victims of AI-related damage to get compensation. This will be adopted in line with the Commission’s 2021 AI Act proposal. The liability rules allow compensation for damages when products like robots, drones or smart-home systems are made unsafe by software updates, AI or digital services that are needed to operate the product, as well as when manufacturers fail to address cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
    Explaining how the new rules shift the focus in such litigations, John Buyers, head of AI at Osborne Clarke, said “there is a very intentional interplay between the AI Act and the proposed new presumptions on liability, linking non-compliance with the EU's planned regulatory regime with increased exposure to damages actions. Instead of having to prove that the AI system caused the harm suffered, claimants who can prove noncompliance with the Act (or certain other regulatory requirements) will benefit from a presumption that their damages case is proven. The focus will then shift to the defendant to show that its system is not the cause of the harm suffered.”
   However, one challenge Buyers points out is the need for claimants to get hold of the defendant's regulatory compliance documentation to inform their claims. In addition, Buyers said that the AI Act is not expected to become law before late 2023, with a period for compliance after that — which will likely be 2 years, but this is still being debated. 


Internet: <www.infosecurity-magazine.com> (adapted).
It can be inferred from the third paragraph of text 15A13-I that
Alternativas
Q1988596 Inglês
Text 15A13-I


   The European Commission has publicized new liability rules on digital products and artificial intelligence (AI) in order to protect consumers from harm, including in cases where cybersecurity vulnerabilities fail to be addressed. The two proposals the Commission adopted on September 28th, 2022 will modernize the existing rules on the strict liability of manufacturers for defective products, from smart technology to pharmaceuticals.
    Additionally, the Commission proposes – for the first time, it says – a targeted harmonization of national liability rules for AI, making it easier for victims of AI-related damage to get compensation. This will be adopted in line with the Commission’s 2021 AI Act proposal. The liability rules allow compensation for damages when products like robots, drones or smart-home systems are made unsafe by software updates, AI or digital services that are needed to operate the product, as well as when manufacturers fail to address cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
    Explaining how the new rules shift the focus in such litigations, John Buyers, head of AI at Osborne Clarke, said “there is a very intentional interplay between the AI Act and the proposed new presumptions on liability, linking non-compliance with the EU's planned regulatory regime with increased exposure to damages actions. Instead of having to prove that the AI system caused the harm suffered, claimants who can prove noncompliance with the Act (or certain other regulatory requirements) will benefit from a presumption that their damages case is proven. The focus will then shift to the defendant to show that its system is not the cause of the harm suffered.”
   However, one challenge Buyers points out is the need for claimants to get hold of the defendant's regulatory compliance documentation to inform their claims. In addition, Buyers said that the AI Act is not expected to become law before late 2023, with a period for compliance after that — which will likely be 2 years, but this is still being debated. 


Internet: <www.infosecurity-magazine.com> (adapted).
According to text 15A13-I, it is correct to infer that
Alternativas
Q1985726 Inglês

Read Text II and answer the question that follow it.


Text II




From: https://aghlc.com/resources/articles/2016/how-to-prevent-phishing-attacks160812.aspx?hss_channel=tw-2432542152

By using the phrase “throw it out”, the poster recommends that one should
Alternativas
Q1985724 Inglês

Read Text II and answer the question that follow it.


Text II




From: https://aghlc.com/resources/articles/2016/how-to-prevent-phishing-attacks160812.aspx?hss_channel=tw-2432542152

The opening sentence in this poster is a
Alternativas
Q1985723 Inglês
Read Text I and answer the four question that follow it.

Text I

Behind the rise of ransomware

   The story of the ransomware surge is the story of the discovery, professionalization, and growth of the targeted attack extortion model. Prior to 2016, most ransomware campaigns targeted a large and effectively random pool of end users. This “spray-and-pray” business model privileged quantity over quality, meaning ransomware actors spent less time focusing on how to apply pressure on a given victim and more time trying to reach as many victims as possible. Until the tail end of this period, ransomware did not generate enormous profits. Being a secondtier avenue of cybercrime, it failed to attract as much talent or activity as it would in the years to come.

   Ransomware experienced its first period of significant growth between 2013 and 2016, when refinements to ransomware payloads, the emergence of virtual currencies, and enhanced anti-fraud measures from banks and cybersecurity vendors increased the profitability of digital extortion relative to other common avenues of cybercrime. What happened next remains unclear, but with more activity concentrating on ransomware, criminals appear to have learned how easy it was to extort organizations before piecing together how lucrative these attacks could be. Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse.

   From that point until the summer of 2021, cybercriminals invested growing time and resources to improve the targeted extortion model. During this period, digital extortion became more profitable because cybercriminal gangs and cybercrime markets reoriented around a near limitless demand for targeted ransomware. Moreover, as criminals learned how to best extract revenue from victims, they launched increasingly disruptive ransomware attacks.

    […]

   Even though it is tempting to hope that we are just one diplomatic agreement, one technological leap, or one regulation away from its elimination, targeted ransomware is here to stay. As with other forms of crime, the government can expect better outcomes by planning how to manage the issue over time rather than searching for quick and complete solutions.

Adapted from: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wpcontent/uploads/2022/08/Behind_the_rise_of_ransomware.pdf
The word “Regardless” in “Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse” is similar in meaning to
Alternativas
Q1985722 Inglês
Read Text I and answer the four question that follow it.

Text I

Behind the rise of ransomware

   The story of the ransomware surge is the story of the discovery, professionalization, and growth of the targeted attack extortion model. Prior to 2016, most ransomware campaigns targeted a large and effectively random pool of end users. This “spray-and-pray” business model privileged quantity over quality, meaning ransomware actors spent less time focusing on how to apply pressure on a given victim and more time trying to reach as many victims as possible. Until the tail end of this period, ransomware did not generate enormous profits. Being a secondtier avenue of cybercrime, it failed to attract as much talent or activity as it would in the years to come.

   Ransomware experienced its first period of significant growth between 2013 and 2016, when refinements to ransomware payloads, the emergence of virtual currencies, and enhanced anti-fraud measures from banks and cybersecurity vendors increased the profitability of digital extortion relative to other common avenues of cybercrime. What happened next remains unclear, but with more activity concentrating on ransomware, criminals appear to have learned how easy it was to extort organizations before piecing together how lucrative these attacks could be. Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse.

   From that point until the summer of 2021, cybercriminals invested growing time and resources to improve the targeted extortion model. During this period, digital extortion became more profitable because cybercriminal gangs and cybercrime markets reoriented around a near limitless demand for targeted ransomware. Moreover, as criminals learned how to best extract revenue from victims, they launched increasingly disruptive ransomware attacks.

    […]

   Even though it is tempting to hope that we are just one diplomatic agreement, one technological leap, or one regulation away from its elimination, targeted ransomware is here to stay. As with other forms of crime, the government can expect better outcomes by planning how to manage the issue over time rather than searching for quick and complete solutions.

Adapted from: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wpcontent/uploads/2022/08/Behind_the_rise_of_ransomware.pdf
In “What happened next remains unclear” (2nd paragraph) implies that this period is
Alternativas
Q1985721 Inglês
Read Text I and answer the four question that follow it.

Text I

Behind the rise of ransomware

   The story of the ransomware surge is the story of the discovery, professionalization, and growth of the targeted attack extortion model. Prior to 2016, most ransomware campaigns targeted a large and effectively random pool of end users. This “spray-and-pray” business model privileged quantity over quality, meaning ransomware actors spent less time focusing on how to apply pressure on a given victim and more time trying to reach as many victims as possible. Until the tail end of this period, ransomware did not generate enormous profits. Being a secondtier avenue of cybercrime, it failed to attract as much talent or activity as it would in the years to come.

   Ransomware experienced its first period of significant growth between 2013 and 2016, when refinements to ransomware payloads, the emergence of virtual currencies, and enhanced anti-fraud measures from banks and cybersecurity vendors increased the profitability of digital extortion relative to other common avenues of cybercrime. What happened next remains unclear, but with more activity concentrating on ransomware, criminals appear to have learned how easy it was to extort organizations before piecing together how lucrative these attacks could be. Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse.

   From that point until the summer of 2021, cybercriminals invested growing time and resources to improve the targeted extortion model. During this period, digital extortion became more profitable because cybercriminal gangs and cybercrime markets reoriented around a near limitless demand for targeted ransomware. Moreover, as criminals learned how to best extract revenue from victims, they launched increasingly disruptive ransomware attacks.

    […]

   Even though it is tempting to hope that we are just one diplomatic agreement, one technological leap, or one regulation away from its elimination, targeted ransomware is here to stay. As with other forms of crime, the government can expect better outcomes by planning how to manage the issue over time rather than searching for quick and complete solutions.

Adapted from: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wpcontent/uploads/2022/08/Behind_the_rise_of_ransomware.pdf
When the author uses the expression “the tail end of this period” (1st paragraph), he is referring to its 
Alternativas
Q1985720 Inglês
Read Text I and answer the four question that follow it.

Text I

Behind the rise of ransomware

   The story of the ransomware surge is the story of the discovery, professionalization, and growth of the targeted attack extortion model. Prior to 2016, most ransomware campaigns targeted a large and effectively random pool of end users. This “spray-and-pray” business model privileged quantity over quality, meaning ransomware actors spent less time focusing on how to apply pressure on a given victim and more time trying to reach as many victims as possible. Until the tail end of this period, ransomware did not generate enormous profits. Being a secondtier avenue of cybercrime, it failed to attract as much talent or activity as it would in the years to come.

   Ransomware experienced its first period of significant growth between 2013 and 2016, when refinements to ransomware payloads, the emergence of virtual currencies, and enhanced anti-fraud measures from banks and cybersecurity vendors increased the profitability of digital extortion relative to other common avenues of cybercrime. What happened next remains unclear, but with more activity concentrating on ransomware, criminals appear to have learned how easy it was to extort organizations before piecing together how lucrative these attacks could be. Regardless, between 2016 and 2019, established cybercriminal gangs entered the targeted ransomware business en masse.

   From that point until the summer of 2021, cybercriminals invested growing time and resources to improve the targeted extortion model. During this period, digital extortion became more profitable because cybercriminal gangs and cybercrime markets reoriented around a near limitless demand for targeted ransomware. Moreover, as criminals learned how to best extract revenue from victims, they launched increasingly disruptive ransomware attacks.

    […]

   Even though it is tempting to hope that we are just one diplomatic agreement, one technological leap, or one regulation away from its elimination, targeted ransomware is here to stay. As with other forms of crime, the government can expect better outcomes by planning how to manage the issue over time rather than searching for quick and complete solutions.

Adapted from: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wpcontent/uploads/2022/08/Behind_the_rise_of_ransomware.pdf
Based on Text I, mark the statements below as true (T) or false (F).

( ) The “spray-and-pray” business model belongs to a late period in the history of ransomware.
( ) The analysis indicates that cybercrime is far from mushrooming.
( ) The text argues that solutions to cybercrime can be reached in a jiffy.

The statements are, respectively
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: FGV Órgão: Senado Federal Prova: FGV - 2022 - Senado Federal - Advogado |
Q1984321 Inglês

Read Text II and answer the question that follow it.


Text II



The gist of this cartoon depends on the reader
Alternativas
Ano: 2022 Banca: FGV Órgão: Senado Federal Prova: FGV - 2022 - Senado Federal - Advogado |
Q1984317 Inglês
Read text I and answer the question that follow it.

Text I

The New Rules of Data Privacy

  The data harvested from our personal devices, along with our trail of electronic transactions and data from other sources, now provides the foundation for some of the world’s largest companies. […] For the past two decades, the commercial use of personal data has grown in wild-west fashion. But now, because of consumer mistrust, government actions, and competition for customers, those days are quickly coming to an end.
   For most of its existence, the data economy was structured around a “digital curtain” designed to obscure the industry’s practices from lawmakers and the public. Data was considered company property and a proprietary secret, even though the data originated from customers’ private behavior. That curtain has since been lifted and a convergence of consumer, government, and market forces are now giving users more control over the data they generate. Instead of serving as a resource that can be freely harvested, countries in every region of the world have begun to treat personal data as an asset owned by individuals and held in trust by firms.
   This will be a far better organizing principle for the data economy. Giving individuals more control has the potential to curtail the sector’s worst excesses while generating a new wave of customer-driven innovation, as customers begin to express what sort of personalization and opportunity they want their data to enable. And while Adtech firms in particular will be hardest hit, any firm with substantial troves of customer data will have to make sweeping changes to its practices, particularly large firms such as financial institutions, healthcare firms, utilities, and major manufacturers and retailers.
  Leading firms are already adapting to the new reality as it unfolds. The key to this transition — based upon our research on data and trust, and our experience working on this issue with a wide variety of firms— is for companies to reorganize their data operations around the new fundamental rules of consent, insight, and flow.
    […]
   Federal lawmakers are moving to curtail the power of big tech. Meanwhile, in 2021 state legislatures proposed or passed at least 27 online privacy bills regulating data markets and protecting personal digital rights. Lawmakers from California to China are implementing legislation that mirrors Europe’s GDPR, while the EU itself has turned its attention to regulating the use of AI. Where once companies were always ahead of regulators, now they struggle to keep up with compliance requirements across multiple jurisdictions.


Adapted from: https://hbr.org/2022/02/the-new-rules-of-data-privacy February 25, 2022 – Retrieved September 6, 2022
According to the 2nd paragraph, in relation to the industry’s practices, the function of the “digital curtain” was to 
Alternativas
Respostas
3021: E
3022: E
3023: E
3024: C
3025: C
3026: E
3027: C
3028: C
3029: E
3030: E
3031: E
3032: C
3033: E
3034: C
3035: B
3036: D
3037: B
3038: A
3039: C
3040: D