Questões de Concurso
Sobre interpretação de texto | reading comprehension em inglês
Foram encontradas 9.443 questões
EMI courses in Brazil grow to more than 1,000
(Posted on Sep 25, 2018 by Viggo Stacey)
Agrowing number of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Brazil are recognising the importance of offering English as Medium of Instruction courses, as the number of EMI courses rose from 671 in 2016 to over 1,000 in the first semester 2018, according to a new report.
(Photo: gabyps/Pixabay)
The Brazilian Association for International Education (FAUBAI) and the British Council, which surveyed 84 HEIs in Brazil, said the data reflects the sustained growth in activities offered in English as well as Portuguese for foreigners.
“Internationalisation is growing and increasing in the whole country and it's on the agenda of all universities,” explained Renata Archanjo, UFRN international relations deputy officer. “We are a country [that is becoming] more and more globalised.”
Executive director of FAUBAI Renée Zicman highlighted that of Brazil's 2,400 HEIs, many do not offer international activities, but that number is increasing and the organisation has been promoting the internationalisation of the country's universities.
“We have been [telling] universities that by offering opportunities in English [they will] be able to receive international students,” she said, adding that it is important to point out that EMI courses are being offered in all five regions of the country, including the Amazon region.
“Our universities are very concentrated in certain regions of the country, but we have all sorts of universities and HEIs doing this in all regions of the country, public and private. It means the whole system has understood.
“The idea is not just to offer opportunities to take classes in English or participate in activities in English, but also to be able to live in this beautiful country and be able to share Brazilian culture and learn Portuguese,” Zicman added. […]
(Adapted from: https://thepienews.com/news/over-1000-emi-courses-in-brazil-in-2018/ Accessed on Oct 1 , 2020)
English in Brazil: Insights from the Analysis of Language Policies, Internationalization Programs and the CLIL Approach
Abstract: The paper proposes a reflection on the role of English in the globalized world and its teaching/learning in Brazil. With that aim, the study reviews language policies and internationalization programs in Brazil regarding the role of foreign languages in general and of English in particular. The theoretical framework includes a review of an English language teaching (ELT) approach used mainly in Europe, as a result of globalization and internationalization, the Content and Language Integrated Approach (CLIL). In order to support this reflection, a case study was carried out to examine pre-service English teachers’ beliefs on the use of CLIL in Brazil. The results of study show that pre-service English teachers understand the importance of the CLIL approach though they are aware of the various obstacles to its implementation in that context. The study suggests a review of language policies in Brazil so as to ensure a convergence between them and internationalization policies and approaches, at all levels of education. Regarding the ELT approach analyzed, the study concludes that despite the difficulties associated with the implementation of CLIL in Brazil, it represents a relevant alternative in that context.
Keywords: English language teaching (ELT), Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), Language policies, Internationalization, Brazil
Source:
FINARDI, Kyria; LEÃO, Roberta; PINHEIRO, Livia Melina. English in Brazil: Insights from the Analysis of Language Policies, Internationalization Programs and the CLILApproach. In: Education and Linguistics Research, 2016, Vol. 2, No. 1. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kyria_Finardi/publication/297653683_English_in_Brazil_Insights_from_the_Analysis_of_Language_Policies_Internationaliz
ation_Programs_and_the_CLIL_Approach/links/5814871508aeffbed6bdf5ba/English-in-Brazil-Insights-from-the-Analysis-of-Language-Policiesth Internationalization-Programs-and-the-CLIL-Approach.pdf . Accessed on September 29th , 2020.
Based on Text IV, analyze the following sentences and check True (T) or False (F).
( ) In-service English teachers are aware of the importance of the CLIL approach as well as of the obstacles to its implementation in that context.
( ) The study suggests a review of language and internalization policies in Brazil to ensure a convergence between them and internationalization policies and approaches, mainly at higher education.
( ) Globalization and internationalization have influenced the use of CLIL as an ELT approach.
Choose the alternative with the CORRECT sequence:
English in Brazil: Insights from the Analysis of Language Policies, Internationalization Programs and the CLIL Approach
Abstract: The paper proposes a reflection on the role of English in the globalized world and its teaching/learning in Brazil. With that aim, the study reviews language policies and internationalization programs in Brazil regarding the role of foreign languages in general and of English in particular. The theoretical framework includes a review of an English language teaching (ELT) approach used mainly in Europe, as a result of globalization and internationalization, the Content and Language Integrated Approach (CLIL). In order to support this reflection, a case study was carried out to examine pre-service English teachers’ beliefs on the use of CLIL in Brazil. The results of study show that pre-service English teachers understand the importance of the CLIL approach though they are aware of the various obstacles to its implementation in that context. The study suggests a review of language policies in Brazil so as to ensure a convergence between them and internationalization policies and approaches, at all levels of education. Regarding the ELT approach analyzed, the study concludes that despite the difficulties associated with the implementation of CLIL in Brazil, it represents a relevant alternative in that context.
Keywords: English language teaching (ELT), Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), Language policies, Internationalization, Brazil
Source:
FINARDI, Kyria; LEÃO, Roberta; PINHEIRO, Livia Melina. English in Brazil: Insights from the Analysis of Language Policies, Internationalization Programs and the CLILApproach. In: Education and Linguistics Research, 2016, Vol. 2, No. 1. Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kyria_Finardi/publication/297653683_English_in_Brazil_Insights_from_the_Analysis_of_Language_Policies_Internationaliz
ation_Programs_and_the_CLIL_Approach/links/5814871508aeffbed6bdf5ba/English-in-Brazil-Insights-from-the-Analysis-of-Language-Policiesth Internationalization-Programs-and-the-CLIL-Approach.pdf . Accessed on September 29th , 2020.
(Available at: https://elearninginfographics.com/4-signs-you-have-real-flipped-classroom-infographic/
th Accessed on September 25 , 2020)
Available at: https://www.inquirer.com/opinion/cartoons/coronavirus-schools-education-equity-virtual-learning-20200329.html. Accessed on September 22 , 2020)
Available at: https://www.inquirer.com/opinion/cartoons/coronavirus-schools-education-equity-virtual-learning-20200329.html. Accessed on September 22 , 2020)
How teachers are trying to reach English language learners during pandemic
(Apr 29, 2020 4:23 pm – by Jo Napolitano, The Hechinger Report)
Administrators at Dorchester School District Two in suburban Summerville, South Carolina, were well aware of the digital divide when they decided to give students both paper and online resources after shuttering schools because of coronavirus. But even their best efforts have some educators worried, especially those who teach English to speakers of other languages (ESOL).
Katie Crook, Newington Elementary School’s only ESOL teacher, didn’t hear back from many of the parents she texted early on. Many of her students, she said, were born in the United States and live in Spanish-speaking homes. So she tried a decidedly old-school means of communication: letter writing.
Crook began each note with a joyful “Hello!” before telling students how much she missed them. “I am so sad that school is closed and we can’t work together right now,” she wrote. “If you want, you can write me back and tell me how you are and what you have been up to. Love, Mrs. Crook.” The veteran teacher included a self-addressed stamped envelope along with every card.
“Their lives have been totally turned upside down. There is so much goodness in school that they are missing out on. I want them to know their teachers love them and miss them and are really excited about when they get to see them again,” she said.
Crook received her first response April 9, and she was so thrilled by the correspondence that she tore it open right away. The letter, written on a blank piece of computer paper, was just a few sentences long — it began with, “Hi Mrs. Crook, I miss you to (sic)” — but was more than enough to prove her effort was worth it.
Among the more than 55 million students forced to stay home because of coronavirus-related school closures are at least 4.9 million English-language learners (ELLs). These students made up 9.6 percent of all school-age children in the fall of 2016, the last year for which such data is available. The number has likely risen, according to experts.
By law, schools must ensure ELLs “can participate meaningfully and equally in educational programs,” according to the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, and the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Civil Rights. And they must communicate with families in a language they understand.
Schools often fell short of these requirements, even before the current crisis.
Tim Boals, executive director of WIDA, a group that provides educational resources for multilingual learners, worries the shutdowns will result in an even greater marginalization of those students. “I think schools are struggling now to serve all their kids, so there is no doubt in my mind that this is an issue,” he said. (…)
(Adapted from: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/how-teachers-are-trying-to-reach-english-language-learners-during-pandemic. Accessed on September
th 30 , 2020)
How teachers are trying to reach English language learners during pandemic
(Apr 29, 2020 4:23 pm – by Jo Napolitano, The Hechinger Report)
Administrators at Dorchester School District Two in suburban Summerville, South Carolina, were well aware of the digital divide when they decided to give students both paper and online resources after shuttering schools because of coronavirus. But even their best efforts have some educators worried, especially those who teach English to speakers of other languages (ESOL).
Katie Crook, Newington Elementary School’s only ESOL teacher, didn’t hear back from many of the parents she texted early on. Many of her students, she said, were born in the United States and live in Spanish-speaking homes. So she tried a decidedly old-school means of communication: letter writing.
Crook began each note with a joyful “Hello!” before telling students how much she missed them. “I am so sad that school is closed and we can’t work together right now,” she wrote. “If you want, you can write me back and tell me how you are and what you have been up to. Love, Mrs. Crook.” The veteran teacher included a self-addressed stamped envelope along with every card.
“Their lives have been totally turned upside down. There is so much goodness in school that they are missing out on. I want them to know their teachers love them and miss them and are really excited about when they get to see them again,” she said.
Crook received her first response April 9, and she was so thrilled by the correspondence that she tore it open right away. The letter, written on a blank piece of computer paper, was just a few sentences long — it began with, “Hi Mrs. Crook, I miss you to (sic)” — but was more than enough to prove her effort was worth it.
Among the more than 55 million students forced to stay home because of coronavirus-related school closures are at least 4.9 million English-language learners (ELLs). These students made up 9.6 percent of all school-age children in the fall of 2016, the last year for which such data is available. The number has likely risen, according to experts.
By law, schools must ensure ELLs “can participate meaningfully and equally in educational programs,” according to the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, and the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Civil Rights. And they must communicate with families in a language they understand.
Schools often fell short of these requirements, even before the current crisis.
Tim Boals, executive director of WIDA, a group that provides educational resources for multilingual learners, worries the shutdowns will result in an even greater marginalization of those students. “I think schools are struggling now to serve all their kids, so there is no doubt in my mind that this is an issue,” he said. (…)
(Adapted from: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/how-teachers-are-trying-to-reach-english-language-learners-during-pandemic. Accessed on September
th 30 , 2020)
How teachers are trying to reach English language learners during pandemic
(Apr 29, 2020 4:23 pm – by Jo Napolitano, The Hechinger Report)
Administrators at Dorchester School District Two in suburban Summerville, South Carolina, were well aware of the digital divide when they decided to give students both paper and online resources after shuttering schools because of coronavirus. But even their best efforts have some educators worried, especially those who teach English to speakers of other languages (ESOL).
Katie Crook, Newington Elementary School’s only ESOL teacher, didn’t hear back from many of the parents she texted early on. Many of her students, she said, were born in the United States and live in Spanish-speaking homes. So she tried a decidedly old-school means of communication: letter writing.
Crook began each note with a joyful “Hello!” before telling students how much she missed them. “I am so sad that school is closed and we can’t work together right now,” she wrote. “If you want, you can write me back and tell me how you are and what you have been up to. Love, Mrs. Crook.” The veteran teacher included a self-addressed stamped envelope along with every card.
“Their lives have been totally turned upside down. There is so much goodness in school that they are missing out on. I want them to know their teachers love them and miss them and are really excited about when they get to see them again,” she said.
Crook received her first response April 9, and she was so thrilled by the correspondence that she tore it open right away. The letter, written on a blank piece of computer paper, was just a few sentences long — it began with, “Hi Mrs. Crook, I miss you to (sic)” — but was more than enough to prove her effort was worth it.
Among the more than 55 million students forced to stay home because of coronavirus-related school closures are at least 4.9 million English-language learners (ELLs). These students made up 9.6 percent of all school-age children in the fall of 2016, the last year for which such data is available. The number has likely risen, according to experts.
By law, schools must ensure ELLs “can participate meaningfully and equally in educational programs,” according to the U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights Division, and the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Civil Rights. And they must communicate with families in a language they understand.
Schools often fell short of these requirements, even before the current crisis.
Tim Boals, executive director of WIDA, a group that provides educational resources for multilingual learners, worries the shutdowns will result in an even greater marginalization of those students. “I think schools are struggling now to serve all their kids, so there is no doubt in my mind that this is an issue,” he said. (…)
(Adapted from: https://www.pbs.org/newshour/education/how-teachers-are-trying-to-reach-english-language-learners-during-pandemic. Accessed on September
th 30 , 2020)
Read the text. It‘s the lyric of a song.
Need you now Lady Antebellum (2009)
Picture, perfect memories
Scattered all around the floor
Reaching for the phone 'cause
I can't fight it anymore
And I wonder if I ever cross your mind
For me it happens all the time
It's a quarter after one
I'm all alone and I need you now
Said I wouldn't call
But I lost all control and I need you now
And I don't know how I can do without
I just need you now
Another shot of whisky
Can't stop looking at the door
Wishing you'd come sweeping
In the way you did before
And I wonder if I ever cross your mind
For me, it happens all the time
It's a quarter after one
I'm a little drunk
And I need you now
Said I wouldn't call
But I lost all control and I need you now
And I don't know how I can do without
I just need you now
Oh ohh
Yes, I'd rather hurt than feel nothing at all
It's a quarter after one
I'm all alone and I need you now
And I said I wouldn't call
But I'm a little drunk and I need you now […]
Disponível em: <https://www.letras.mus.br/lady-antebellum/1539868/>. Acesso em: 06 Nov 2018.
"Need You Now" is a song performed by American country music trio Lady Antebellum. The band co-wrote the song with Josh Kear, and produced it with Paul Worley. It serves as the lead-off single and title track to their second studio album, Need You Now (2010), and was first released in the US on August 11, 2009.[1][2] The song also served as their debut single in the UK and Europe, where it was released April 23, 2010. It won four Grammy Awards in 2011, including for Song of the Year and Record of the Year, the first country song to win both honors since "Not Ready to Make Nice" by the Dixie Chicks won both in 2006, and only the second ever to do so. Disponível em: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Need_You_Now_(Lady_Antebellum_song). Acesso em: 06 Nov 2018.
Leia as afirmações abaixo.
I- Pode-se utilizar o texto para trabalhar as horas em LI.
II- Sendo o Lady Antebellum um trio country, é possível fazer um trabalho comparativo entre as características da música country americana e o sertanejo brasileiro.
III- O texto menciona consumo de bebida alcoólica. Este pode ser um assunto a ser discutido com os alunos. Dependendo da idade deles, é possível fazer do tema um projeto, inclusive analisando como tal é tratado nas músicas brasileiras do correspondente estilo country.
IV- No texto aparecem apenas quatro preposições: after, at, in, for.
V- Usa-se linguagem formal em situações são mais solenes, protocolares ou que envolvem pessoas que não se conhecem bem. A linguagem informal é mais comumente usada em situações que são mais relaxadas e envolvem pessoas com quem se tem mais intimidade. No texto, a informalidade aparece na elipse do sujeito I em Can't stop looking at the door wishing you'd come sweeping.
Assinale a alternativa correta:
Read the text.
How Donald Trump's amoral approach to the presidency is changing everything
Analysis by Chris Cillizza, CNN Editor-at-large - Updated 1552 GMT (2352 HKT) October 29, 2018
(CNN) On the day that the man who killed 11 Jewish people in a synagogue -- inspired by the baseless claims that prominent Jews were funding a migrant caravan moving across Mexico -- is set to appear in court for the first time, and just days removed from the arrest of a man who sent more than a dozen pipe bombs to prominent Democrats as well as a media organization, the President of the United States had this to say on Twitter:
"There is great anger in our Country caused in part by inaccurate, and even fraudulent, reporting of
the news. The Fake News Media, the true Enemy of the People, must stop the open & obvious
hostility & report the news accurately & fairly. That will do much to put out the flame of Anger and
Outrage and we will then be able to bring all sides together in Peace and Harmony. Fake News Must
End!"
So. The reason, according to Donald Trump, that we have "anger" and "Outrage" in this country, and that he is not able to "bring all sides together in Peace and Harmony," is because the media reports fake stories.
There are a lot of things wrong with this logic (and these tweets) -- both factually and morally. Here are a few:
1. The shooter in the Pittsburgh synagogue was inspired to commit his heinous act by the false storyline that liberal billionaire George Soros was providing the financial backing for the caravan. It's not entirely clear where the shooter got this idea, but Fox Business Network anchor Lou Dobbs, for one, did a segment with Judicial Watch's Chris Farrell in which the notion is given credibility. The mainstream media repeatedly debunked this ridiculous claim and called it for what it is: anti-Semitism.
2. Trump's definition of "fake" news is this: News that is bad for him. How do I know? Because he tweeted about it! "The Fake News is working overtime," Trump tweeted in May. "Just reported that, despite the tremendous success we are having with the economy & all things else, 91% of the Network News about me is negative (Fake). Why do we work so hard in working with the media when it is corrupt? Take away credentials?" "Negative" and "fake" are not, of course, synonyms.
Trump's attacks on the media's "inaccurate and even fraudulent reporting of the news" have to be understood in that context. This isn't about actual fake news at all. This is about Trump believing the media is not being nice enough to him.
3. Trump's tweet condemning the media for fomenting divisiveness includes this line: "The Fake News Media, the true Enemy of the People." We have a President who is simultaneously insisting that the media is the prime driver of the divisions and hatreds on the rise in this country and that the entire free and independent media are an enemy of the American people. The irony is suffocating.
What makes all of this worse is that Trump, at heart, doesn't hate the media at all. He loves the media. His Twitter feed, his interviews, his back-and-forths with reporters all make clear how much of an avid consumer of the mainstream media he is. He spends hours a day watching TV and tweeting about it. He not only knows reporters who cover him by sight but he also knows stories they've written about him and whether those stories were, in his mind, good ("true") or bad ("fake") for him. We've never had a President before who is such a connoisseur of the media or who cares as much about what the media thinks of him as Trump.
And it's that fact that is the really awful thing here. Trump knows that the media didn't do any of this. But he also knows that his Republican base hates the media. And that, with just eight days before the midterm elections, attacking the media for the awful events -- including some that have directly targeted the media -- will work to rev up that base. And a revved-up base could lessen the blow from what looks to be a very difficult election.
That's his only calculation. A political one designed to wring advantage out of this situation. And that -- and this is VERY important to think about -- is the fundamental difference between Trump as President and every person who came before him as president: He has zero belief in the notion of the president as a moral leader in the country.
Trump is right that he didn't create the politically polarized world in which we live. (I'd argue the impeachment fight over Bill Clinton ushered it in.) But past presidents saw the growing partisan divide -- and tendency to label those with whom you disagree as morally bankrupt or evil -- as a problem that they, as president, could try to solve by dint of their own moral leadership. Trump, from the moment he became a candidate for president back on 2015, saw the polarization in the country as an opportunity to exploit.
While he promised to change his approach if/when he was elected president -- remember, "I will be so presidential, you will be so bored?" -- that was never a realistic possibility given who Trump always has been. He is someone who sees himself as a victim in nearly every circumstance, someone who is always being persecuted by outside forces who are out to get him because they hate his success. He is someone who views everything -- absolutely everything -- from the perspective of a) What does this mean for me? and b) How can I make this work in my favor?
Those twin realities virtually ensure that when moments like the white supremacist violence in Charlottesville happen, Trump reacts with his "both sides" do bad things response. Or that when a series of women come out alleging that Roy Moore pursued relationships with them as teenagers and, in some cases, assaulted them, Trump will first throw his hands up and insist no judgment is possible. Ditto the allegations of domestic abuse against former White House staff secretary Rob Porter. Or Trump's assertion that "evil" people were behind the questions raised about his Supreme Court nominee, Brett Kavanaugh.
In Trump's world, there is no morally right and morally wrong. There are only those who like and support him and those who don't. If you are a supporter of his (or someone who has said nice things) he will bend over backward to find ways to absolve you. If you oppose him politically, then everything you do will be cast as in service of a lie or a falsehood.
You can agree or disagree with the policies of Barack Obama or George W. Bush or Bill Clinton or George H.W. Bush or Ronald Reagan or Jimmy Carter. And lots and lots of people did -- and do. But what all of those men had in common was a moral compass -- a sense of how the presidency of the United States isn't just a job where you do everything you can to help your friends and hurt your enemies, but a job in which you are seen as beacon of moral leadership in the country and the world. Trump does not see the presidency that way. And that complete moral vacuum -- in which it's impossible to say what's right or wrong unless and until you know a person's political motivations -- is already producing awful consequences in the country.
Disponível em: https://edition.cnn.com/2018/10/29/politics/donald-trump-moral-leadership/index.html. Acesso em: 31 Out 2018.
The following five statements are related to the text above.
I- Os judeus financiaram a caravana de migrantes que se deslocava pelo México.
II- Segundo Trump, a razão da desarmonia e da ausência de paz é porque a mídia relata histórias falsas.
III- A CNN aponta três razões contrárias - tanto factual quanto moralmente -, a essa lógica (e àqueles tweets) de Trump. Entretanto, há outras.
IV- Segundo a notícia, Trump ama a mídia e vê o mundo de uma perspectiva egoísta.
V- De acordo com a análise de Chris Cillizza, Barack Obama, George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George H.W. Bush, Ronald Reagan e Jimmy Carter tinham uma bússola moral: um senso de como a presidência dos Estados Unidos não é apenas um trabalho em que se faz tudo o que pode para ajudar seus amigos e ferir seus inimigos, mas um trabalho em que se é visto como um farol de liderança moral no país e no mundo. Trump não vê a presidência dessa maneira.
Assinale a alternativa verdadeira:
The English language is peculiarly rich in synonyms, as, with such a history, it could not fail to be. The spirit of the Anglo-Saxon race, masterful in language as in war and commerce, has subjugated all these various elements to one idiom, making not a patchwork, but a composite language. Anglo-Saxon thrift, finding often several words that originally expressed the same idea, has detailed them to different parts of the common territory or to different service, so that we have an almost unexampled variety of words, kindred in meaning but distinct in usage, for expressing almost every shade of human thought.
According Cambridge Dictionary (2018), synonyms is a word or phrase that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word or phrase in the same language: the words "small" and "little" are synonyms.
And antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word: two antonyms of "light" are "dark" and "heavy".
Read carefully what is exposed from I to V.
I- 1) The game was abandoned at half-time because of the poor weather conditions.
2) He decided to forsake politics for journalism. It is impossible to keep both careers at the same time.
II- In my opinion, Julia Roberts is very beautiful! My dad agrees with me, but my mom says that the eternal pretty woman is ugly.
III- The singer has shown exceptional talent over the past two years. Her outstanding performances set a new benchmark for singers throughout the world. However, readers of magazines said they wanted more stories about ordinary people and fewer stories about the rich and famous like this singer.
IV- 1) I wanted a simple black dress, nothing fancy.
2) I like simple food better than fancy dishes.
V- It was an extremely vulgar joke.
Now, read the statements that are made about information I to V (above).
1st) In I, there are the verbs to abandon and to forsake. They are synonyms. To keep is the antonym of them.
2nd) In II, the words beautiful and pretty are synonyms. Ugly is their antonym.
3rd) In III, the word ordinary is the antonym of exceptional. There is not any synonym for exceptional in III.
4th) In IV, simple is the antonym of fancy. It could be replaced by plain, but just in I wanted a simple black dress, nothing fancy.
5th) In V, vulgar could be replaced by coarse or unsuitable.
The correct alternative about the five information above is:
Read the text below and choose the correct answer about the test.
Supreme Court Appears Ready to Let Trump End DACA Program
The justices are considering whether the Trump administration can shut down a program that shields about 700,000 young immigrants from deportation.
WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court’s conservative majority on Tuesday appeared ready to side with the Trump administration in its efforts to shut down a program protecting about 700,000 young immigrants known as “Dreamers.”
The court’s liberal justices probed the administration’s justifications for ending the program, expressing skepticism about its rationales for doing so. But other justices indicated that they would not second-guess the administration’s reasoning and, in any event, considered its explanations sufficient.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/12/us/supreme-court-dreamers.html?action= click&module= Top%20Stories&pgtype=Homepage
THREATS AND PROMISES IN BRAZIL’S LAWLESS AMAZON
1-NOVO PROGRESSO, BRAZIL — In early August, Adecio Piran wrote an article for this Amazon town’s news website announcing a “Day of Fire,” to be started on August 10. The post suggested a coordinated criminal effort among local landowners and cattle ranchers to burn newly cleared rainforest — much of it on public land. The unnamed organizers of the collective action, Mr. Piran wrote, wanted to draw the attention of President Jair Bolsonaro.
2-“Because of the larger deforestation rate in this area, people were saying they had to burn fires at the same time to get the attention of the president,” Mr. Piran said, “to show there are producers here who want to push ahead with cattle, with the land and be productive in the region.”
3-But days later, as smoke and fires across the Amazon caught the world’s attention, bringing international outrage and condemnation of Mr. Bolsonaro’s gutting of Brazil’s environmental protections, Mr. Piran said he was threatened and told to take his article down from the Folha do Progresso news site. When Mr. Piran refused, he received death threats. He temporarily fled town and sought protection from the police.
4-In September, I traveled to this dusty frontier town with a film crew for The Dispatch to look into the so-called Day of Fire and to meet with rural producers who appeared to brazenly flout Brazil’s environmental laws.
5-This year, the nearby Jamanxim National Forest, a federally protected rainforest larger than the size of Puerto Rico, lost 45 square miles of forest cover, the worst deforestation among all protected lands in the Brazilian Amazon. Brazilian satellites confirm much of that cleared land was set ablaze on August 10.
6-By the time I arrived to Novo Progresso in early September, Brazil’s independent Public Ministry had announced a federal investigation into a possible criminal conspiracy to burn fires, and rural landowners and ranchers were denying the Day of Fire ever happened. Novo Progresso’s civil police had already concluded it was a mere coincidence in timing.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/06/video/amazon-rainforest-fires-burning.html?searchResultPosition=1
THREATS AND PROMISES IN BRAZIL’S LAWLESS AMAZON
1-NOVO PROGRESSO, BRAZIL — In early August, Adecio Piran wrote an article for this Amazon town’s news website announcing a “Day of Fire,” to be started on August 10. The post suggested a coordinated criminal effort among local landowners and cattle ranchers to burn newly cleared rainforest — much of it on public land. The unnamed organizers of the collective action, Mr. Piran wrote, wanted to draw the attention of President Jair Bolsonaro.
2-“Because of the larger deforestation rate in this area, people were saying they had to burn fires at the same time to get the attention of the president,” Mr. Piran said, “to show there are producers here who want to push ahead with cattle, with the land and be productive in the region.”
3-But days later, as smoke and fires across the Amazon caught the world’s attention, bringing international outrage and condemnation of Mr. Bolsonaro’s gutting of Brazil’s environmental protections, Mr. Piran said he was threatened and told to take his article down from the Folha do Progresso news site. When Mr. Piran refused, he received death threats. He temporarily fled town and sought protection from the police.
4-In September, I traveled to this dusty frontier town with a film crew for The Dispatch to look into the so-called Day of Fire and to meet with rural producers who appeared to brazenly flout Brazil’s environmental laws.
5-This year, the nearby Jamanxim National Forest, a federally protected rainforest larger than the size of Puerto Rico, lost 45 square miles of forest cover, the worst deforestation among all protected lands in the Brazilian Amazon. Brazilian satellites confirm much of that cleared land was set ablaze on August 10.
6-By the time I arrived to Novo Progresso in early September, Brazil’s independent Public Ministry had announced a federal investigation into a possible criminal conspiracy to burn fires, and rural landowners and ranchers were denying the Day of Fire ever happened. Novo Progresso’s civil police had already concluded it was a mere coincidence in timing.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/06/video/amazon-rainforest-fires-burning.html?searchResultPosition=1
THREATS AND PROMISES IN BRAZIL’S LAWLESS AMAZON
1-NOVO PROGRESSO, BRAZIL — In early August, Adecio Piran wrote an article for this Amazon town’s news website announcing a “Day of Fire,” to be started on August 10. The post suggested a coordinated criminal effort among local landowners and cattle ranchers to burn newly cleared rainforest — much of it on public land. The unnamed organizers of the collective action, Mr. Piran wrote, wanted to draw the attention of President Jair Bolsonaro.
2-“Because of the larger deforestation rate in this area, people were saying they had to burn fires at the same time to get the attention of the president,” Mr. Piran said, “to show there are producers here who want to push ahead with cattle, with the land and be productive in the region.”
3-But days later, as smoke and fires across the Amazon caught the world’s attention, bringing international outrage and condemnation of Mr. Bolsonaro’s gutting of Brazil’s environmental protections, Mr. Piran said he was threatened and told to take his article down from the Folha do Progresso news site. When Mr. Piran refused, he received death threats. He temporarily fled town and sought protection from the police.
4-In September, I traveled to this dusty frontier town with a film crew for The Dispatch to look into the so-called Day of Fire and to meet with rural producers who appeared to brazenly flout Brazil’s environmental laws.
5-This year, the nearby Jamanxim National Forest, a federally protected rainforest larger than the size of Puerto Rico, lost 45 square miles of forest cover, the worst deforestation among all protected lands in the Brazilian Amazon. Brazilian satellites confirm much of that cleared land was set ablaze on August 10.
6-By the time I arrived to Novo Progresso in early September, Brazil’s independent Public Ministry had announced a federal investigation into a possible criminal conspiracy to burn fires, and rural landowners and ranchers were denying the Day of Fire ever happened. Novo Progresso’s civil police had already concluded it was a mere coincidence in timing.
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/06/video/amazon-rainforest-fires-burning.html?searchResultPosition=1
Text II
Pollution
Text I
While viruses do not respect borders, their spread and their chances of survival have long depended greatly on the laws, policies and acts of states. However, not all states are up to the job, writes Adam Roberts.
A.J.P. Taylor often observed that great events can have very small causes. The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic is fresh evidence for this proposition. The cause is in all likelihood tiny and accidental: a genetic mutation in a virus, which then spreads into the human population. Like earlier epidemics throughout history, it could have happened with no human intentionality. Its consequences are already momentous and will be even more so before it is over.
The novel coronavirus can easily be seen as a profoundly anti-democratic force. In its first eight months, from early January to mid-August, it produced over 20 million cases of the COVID-19 disease. That disease has killed over 800,000 people and counting; put millions out of work; drastically curtailed travel; precipitated states of emergency; and caused citizens to be placed under detailed and intrusive administrative control, demonstrations to be banned, and elections to be rescheduled or postponed. Bitter disagreements have arisen about when and how to ease restrictions on movement. COVID-19 has generated a revival of conspiracy theories and unjustified recriminations, and prompted absurd denials of medical reality by certain political leaders. Among states, the pandemic has actually heightened some long-existing disputes, most notably those on trade and other matters between China and the United States. The capacity of the United Nations system to address epidemics has been called into question, not least in harsh American criticisms of the World Health Organization (WHO).
It is too simple to cast the pandemic crisis merely as a narrative of rampant authoritarianism versus embattled democracy. The long history of pandemics, earthquakes and other disasters reminds us of the enduring complexity of disaster management, and of the many controversies surrounding it, including the causes of and responses to plagues. States respond in different ways, raising questions regarding the relative effectiveness of democratic versus authoritarian states. International health organisations, especially the WHO, have important roles in dealing with epidemics, whether regional or global. Yet their formal powers are limited and their effectiveness depends on state cooperation. Epidemics, and action to control them, do sometimes play a part in increased authoritarianism, but they can also give rise to more positive initiatives of various kinds.
Adapted from: https://www.iiss.org/. Accessed on March 20, 2021.
Text I
While viruses do not respect borders, their spread and their chances of survival have long depended greatly on the laws, policies and acts of states. However, not all states are up to the job, writes Adam Roberts.
A.J.P. Taylor often observed that great events can have very small causes. The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic is fresh evidence for this proposition. The cause is in all likelihood tiny and accidental: a genetic mutation in a virus, which then spreads into the human population. Like earlier epidemics throughout history, it could have happened with no human intentionality. Its consequences are already momentous and will be even more so before it is over.
The novel coronavirus can easily be seen as a profoundly anti-democratic force. In its first eight months, from early January to mid-August, it produced over 20 million cases of the COVID-19 disease. That disease has killed over 800,000 people and counting; put millions out of work; drastically curtailed travel; precipitated states of emergency; and caused citizens to be placed under detailed and intrusive administrative control, demonstrations to be banned, and elections to be rescheduled or postponed. Bitter disagreements have arisen about when and how to ease restrictions on movement. COVID-19 has generated a revival of conspiracy theories and unjustified recriminations, and prompted absurd denials of medical reality by certain political leaders. Among states, the pandemic has actually heightened some long-existing disputes, most notably those on trade and other matters between China and the United States. The capacity of the United Nations system to address epidemics has been called into question, not least in harsh American criticisms of the World Health Organization (WHO).
It is too simple to cast the pandemic crisis merely as a narrative of rampant authoritarianism versus embattled democracy. The long history of pandemics, earthquakes and other disasters reminds us of the enduring complexity of disaster management, and of the many controversies surrounding it, including the causes of and responses to plagues. States respond in different ways, raising questions regarding the relative effectiveness of democratic versus authoritarian states. International health organisations, especially the WHO, have important roles in dealing with epidemics, whether regional or global. Yet their formal powers are limited and their effectiveness depends on state cooperation. Epidemics, and action to control them, do sometimes play a part in increased authoritarianism, but they can also give rise to more positive initiatives of various kinds.
Adapted from: https://www.iiss.org/. Accessed on March 20, 2021.
Conheça nossos planos