Questões de Concurso Público Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC 2024 para Professor Inglês

Foram encontradas 30 questões

Q3056856 Português
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

A 'epidemia' de miopia que atinge 1 em 3 crianças no mundo (mas ainda não é tão comum no Brasil)

A visão das crianças parece ter piorado nos últimos anos. Uma em cada três tem miopia ou é incapaz de ver claramente coisas à distância, sugere um levantamento global.
Os autores do trabalho avaliam que o isolamento relacionado à pandemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo na visão, pois as crianças passaram mais tempo em telas — e menos tempo ao ar livre.
A miopia é uma preocupação global crescente de saúde, e deve afetar milhões de crianças até 2050, alerta o estudo.
As taxas mais altas da condição estão concentradas na Ásia — 85% das crianças no Japão e 73% na Coreia do Sul são míopes, com mais de 40% afetadas na China.
Paraguai e Uganda, com cerca de 1% de miopia entre o público infantil, tiveram alguns dos níveis mais baixos encontrados na pesquisa.
O Brasil também apresenta uma baixa frequência do quadro: 3% das crianças do país são míopes.
Vale ponderar que esse dado brasileiro vem de um único estudo, feito em 2013 na Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, que avaliou 1.590 indivíduos de 10 a 15 anos na cidade de Gurupi, no Tocantins.
O levantamento internacional, publicado no British Journal of Ophthalmology, analisou pesquisas que envolveram mais de 5 milhões de crianças e adolescentes de 50 países em todos os continentes.
Os cálculos revelaram que os casos de miopia triplicaram entre 1990 e 2023.
E o aumento foi "particularmente notável" após a pandemia da COVID-19, segundo os autores.
A miopia geralmente começa durante os anos do Ensino Fundamental e tende a piorar até que o olho pare de crescer, por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
Existem fatores que aumentam o risco de desenvolver a condição — viver no Leste Asiático é um deles.
O quadro também está relacionado à genética e certas mutações que as crianças herdam de seus pais, mas há outros fatores que podem influenciar, como a idade muito jovem, por volta dos dois anos, em que as crianças vão para a escola em países como Singapura e Hong Kong.
Isso significa que esses jovens focam os olhos por mais tempo em livros e telas durante os primeiros anos de vida, o que tensiona os músculos oculares e pode levar à miopia, sugere a pesquisa.
Na África, onde a educação formal começa na idade de seis a oito anos, a incidência de miopia é cerca de um sétimo do que a verificada na Ásia.
Durante os momentos de lockdowns e isolamento da pandemia da COVID-19, quando milhões de pessoas tiveram que ficar em ambientes fechados por longos períodos, a visão de crianças e adolescentes foi prejudicada.
"Evidências recentes sugerem uma associação potencial entre a pandemia e a deterioração acelerada da visão entre jovens adultos", escrevem os pesquisadores.
Até 2050, a miopia pode afetar mais da metade dos adolescentes em todo o mundo, preveem os autores.
Ainda de acordo com o trabalho recém-publicado, meninas e mulheres jovens provavelmente terão taxas mais altas da condição do que indivíduos do sexo masculino porque tendem a passar menos tempo em atividades ao ar livre na escola e em casa à medida que crescem.
Além disso, o desenvolvimento das meninas, incluindo o período da puberdade, se inicia mais cedo, o que significa que elas tendem a ter miopia em uma idade mais precoce.
Embora a Ásia deva ter os índices mais altos da condição em comparação com todos os outros continentes até 2050, os países em desenvolvimento também podem chegar a 40% da população afetada pela miopia no futuro, estimam os pesquisadores.
Como posso proteger a visão do meu filho?
Para reduzir o risco de miopia, as crianças — especialmente aquelas que têm entre sete e nove anos — devem passar pelo menos duas horas ao ar livre todos os dias, sugerem especialistas em oftalmologia do Reino Unido.
A ciência ainda não descobriu se o fator mais preponderante aqui é a presença de luz solar natural, o exercício feito ao ar livre ou o fato de os olhos das crianças precisarem focar em objetos mais distantes durante essas atividades.
"Há algo em estar ao ar livre que traz um benefício real para as crianças", pontua o médico Daniel Hardiman-McCartney, consultor clínico do Colégio de Optometristas do Reino Unido.
Ele também recomenda que os pais levem os filhos para um exame oftalmológico entre os sete e os 10 anos, mesmo que a visão da criança tenha sido verificada em anos anteriores.
Os pais também devem ser avaliados, uma vez que a miopia é hereditária. Caso um dos progenitores seja míope, os filhos têm três vezes mais probabilidade de também desenvolver o quadro.
A miopia não tem cura, mas pode ser corrigida com óculos ou lentes de contato.
Além disso, lentes especiais podem retardar o desenvolvimento da miopia em crianças pequenas, ao estimular o olho a crescer de forma adequada. No entanto, elas costumam ser caras.
Na Ásia, onde essas lentes especiais já são muito populares, salas de aula feitas de vidro, que mimetizam o aprendizado ao ar livre, também viraram uma das soluções para o problema.

https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c33vzkknmmno
De acordo com o texto, são fatores que aumentam o risco de desenvolver a miopia, EXCETO:
Alternativas
Q3056857 Português
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

A 'epidemia' de miopia que atinge 1 em 3 crianças no mundo (mas ainda não é tão comum no Brasil)

A visão das crianças parece ter piorado nos últimos anos. Uma em cada três tem miopia ou é incapaz de ver claramente coisas à distância, sugere um levantamento global.
Os autores do trabalho avaliam que o isolamento relacionado à pandemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo na visão, pois as crianças passaram mais tempo em telas — e menos tempo ao ar livre.
A miopia é uma preocupação global crescente de saúde, e deve afetar milhões de crianças até 2050, alerta o estudo.
As taxas mais altas da condição estão concentradas na Ásia — 85% das crianças no Japão e 73% na Coreia do Sul são míopes, com mais de 40% afetadas na China.
Paraguai e Uganda, com cerca de 1% de miopia entre o público infantil, tiveram alguns dos níveis mais baixos encontrados na pesquisa.
O Brasil também apresenta uma baixa frequência do quadro: 3% das crianças do país são míopes.
Vale ponderar que esse dado brasileiro vem de um único estudo, feito em 2013 na Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, que avaliou 1.590 indivíduos de 10 a 15 anos na cidade de Gurupi, no Tocantins.
O levantamento internacional, publicado no British Journal of Ophthalmology, analisou pesquisas que envolveram mais de 5 milhões de crianças e adolescentes de 50 países em todos os continentes.
Os cálculos revelaram que os casos de miopia triplicaram entre 1990 e 2023.
E o aumento foi "particularmente notável" após a pandemia da COVID-19, segundo os autores.
A miopia geralmente começa durante os anos do Ensino Fundamental e tende a piorar até que o olho pare de crescer, por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
Existem fatores que aumentam o risco de desenvolver a condição — viver no Leste Asiático é um deles.
O quadro também está relacionado à genética e certas mutações que as crianças herdam de seus pais, mas há outros fatores que podem influenciar, como a idade muito jovem, por volta dos dois anos, em que as crianças vão para a escola em países como Singapura e Hong Kong.
Isso significa que esses jovens focam os olhos por mais tempo em livros e telas durante os primeiros anos de vida, o que tensiona os músculos oculares e pode levar à miopia, sugere a pesquisa.
Na África, onde a educação formal começa na idade de seis a oito anos, a incidência de miopia é cerca de um sétimo do que a verificada na Ásia.
Durante os momentos de lockdowns e isolamento da pandemia da COVID-19, quando milhões de pessoas tiveram que ficar em ambientes fechados por longos períodos, a visão de crianças e adolescentes foi prejudicada.
"Evidências recentes sugerem uma associação potencial entre a pandemia e a deterioração acelerada da visão entre jovens adultos", escrevem os pesquisadores.
Até 2050, a miopia pode afetar mais da metade dos adolescentes em todo o mundo, preveem os autores.
Ainda de acordo com o trabalho recém-publicado, meninas e mulheres jovens provavelmente terão taxas mais altas da condição do que indivíduos do sexo masculino porque tendem a passar menos tempo em atividades ao ar livre na escola e em casa à medida que crescem.
Além disso, o desenvolvimento das meninas, incluindo o período da puberdade, se inicia mais cedo, o que significa que elas tendem a ter miopia em uma idade mais precoce.
Embora a Ásia deva ter os índices mais altos da condição em comparação com todos os outros continentes até 2050, os países em desenvolvimento também podem chegar a 40% da população afetada pela miopia no futuro, estimam os pesquisadores.
Como posso proteger a visão do meu filho?
Para reduzir o risco de miopia, as crianças — especialmente aquelas que têm entre sete e nove anos — devem passar pelo menos duas horas ao ar livre todos os dias, sugerem especialistas em oftalmologia do Reino Unido.
A ciência ainda não descobriu se o fator mais preponderante aqui é a presença de luz solar natural, o exercício feito ao ar livre ou o fato de os olhos das crianças precisarem focar em objetos mais distantes durante essas atividades.
"Há algo em estar ao ar livre que traz um benefício real para as crianças", pontua o médico Daniel Hardiman-McCartney, consultor clínico do Colégio de Optometristas do Reino Unido.
Ele também recomenda que os pais levem os filhos para um exame oftalmológico entre os sete e os 10 anos, mesmo que a visão da criança tenha sido verificada em anos anteriores.
Os pais também devem ser avaliados, uma vez que a miopia é hereditária. Caso um dos progenitores seja míope, os filhos têm três vezes mais probabilidade de também desenvolver o quadro.
A miopia não tem cura, mas pode ser corrigida com óculos ou lentes de contato.
Além disso, lentes especiais podem retardar o desenvolvimento da miopia em crianças pequenas, ao estimular o olho a crescer de forma adequada. No entanto, elas costumam ser caras.
Na Ásia, onde essas lentes especiais já são muito populares, salas de aula feitas de vidro, que mimetizam o aprendizado ao ar livre, também viraram uma das soluções para o problema.

https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c33vzkknmmno
A afirmação de que "há algo em estar ao ar livre que traz um benefício real para as crianças" sugere que:
Alternativas
Q3056858 Português
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

A 'epidemia' de miopia que atinge 1 em 3 crianças no mundo (mas ainda não é tão comum no Brasil)

A visão das crianças parece ter piorado nos últimos anos. Uma em cada três tem miopia ou é incapaz de ver claramente coisas à distância, sugere um levantamento global.
Os autores do trabalho avaliam que o isolamento relacionado à pandemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo na visão, pois as crianças passaram mais tempo em telas — e menos tempo ao ar livre.
A miopia é uma preocupação global crescente de saúde, e deve afetar milhões de crianças até 2050, alerta o estudo.
As taxas mais altas da condição estão concentradas na Ásia — 85% das crianças no Japão e 73% na Coreia do Sul são míopes, com mais de 40% afetadas na China.
Paraguai e Uganda, com cerca de 1% de miopia entre o público infantil, tiveram alguns dos níveis mais baixos encontrados na pesquisa.
O Brasil também apresenta uma baixa frequência do quadro: 3% das crianças do país são míopes.
Vale ponderar que esse dado brasileiro vem de um único estudo, feito em 2013 na Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, que avaliou 1.590 indivíduos de 10 a 15 anos na cidade de Gurupi, no Tocantins.
O levantamento internacional, publicado no British Journal of Ophthalmology, analisou pesquisas que envolveram mais de 5 milhões de crianças e adolescentes de 50 países em todos os continentes.
Os cálculos revelaram que os casos de miopia triplicaram entre 1990 e 2023.
E o aumento foi "particularmente notável" após a pandemia da COVID-19, segundo os autores.
A miopia geralmente começa durante os anos do Ensino Fundamental e tende a piorar até que o olho pare de crescer, por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
Existem fatores que aumentam o risco de desenvolver a condição — viver no Leste Asiático é um deles.
O quadro também está relacionado à genética e certas mutações que as crianças herdam de seus pais, mas há outros fatores que podem influenciar, como a idade muito jovem, por volta dos dois anos, em que as crianças vão para a escola em países como Singapura e Hong Kong.
Isso significa que esses jovens focam os olhos por mais tempo em livros e telas durante os primeiros anos de vida, o que tensiona os músculos oculares e pode levar à miopia, sugere a pesquisa.
Na África, onde a educação formal começa na idade de seis a oito anos, a incidência de miopia é cerca de um sétimo do que a verificada na Ásia.
Durante os momentos de lockdowns e isolamento da pandemia da COVID-19, quando milhões de pessoas tiveram que ficar em ambientes fechados por longos períodos, a visão de crianças e adolescentes foi prejudicada.
"Evidências recentes sugerem uma associação potencial entre a pandemia e a deterioração acelerada da visão entre jovens adultos", escrevem os pesquisadores.
Até 2050, a miopia pode afetar mais da metade dos adolescentes em todo o mundo, preveem os autores.
Ainda de acordo com o trabalho recém-publicado, meninas e mulheres jovens provavelmente terão taxas mais altas da condição do que indivíduos do sexo masculino porque tendem a passar menos tempo em atividades ao ar livre na escola e em casa à medida que crescem.
Além disso, o desenvolvimento das meninas, incluindo o período da puberdade, se inicia mais cedo, o que significa que elas tendem a ter miopia em uma idade mais precoce.
Embora a Ásia deva ter os índices mais altos da condição em comparação com todos os outros continentes até 2050, os países em desenvolvimento também podem chegar a 40% da população afetada pela miopia no futuro, estimam os pesquisadores.
Como posso proteger a visão do meu filho?
Para reduzir o risco de miopia, as crianças — especialmente aquelas que têm entre sete e nove anos — devem passar pelo menos duas horas ao ar livre todos os dias, sugerem especialistas em oftalmologia do Reino Unido.
A ciência ainda não descobriu se o fator mais preponderante aqui é a presença de luz solar natural, o exercício feito ao ar livre ou o fato de os olhos das crianças precisarem focar em objetos mais distantes durante essas atividades.
"Há algo em estar ao ar livre que traz um benefício real para as crianças", pontua o médico Daniel Hardiman-McCartney, consultor clínico do Colégio de Optometristas do Reino Unido.
Ele também recomenda que os pais levem os filhos para um exame oftalmológico entre os sete e os 10 anos, mesmo que a visão da criança tenha sido verificada em anos anteriores.
Os pais também devem ser avaliados, uma vez que a miopia é hereditária. Caso um dos progenitores seja míope, os filhos têm três vezes mais probabilidade de também desenvolver o quadro.
A miopia não tem cura, mas pode ser corrigida com óculos ou lentes de contato.
Além disso, lentes especiais podem retardar o desenvolvimento da miopia em crianças pequenas, ao estimular o olho a crescer de forma adequada. No entanto, elas costumam ser caras.
Na Ásia, onde essas lentes especiais já são muito populares, salas de aula feitas de vidro, que mimetizam o aprendizado ao ar livre, também viraram uma das soluções para o problema.

https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c33vzkknmmno
As recomendações abaixo são importantes para a proteção da visão das crianças, EXCETO:
Alternativas
Q3056859 Português
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

A 'epidemia' de miopia que atinge 1 em 3 crianças no mundo (mas ainda não é tão comum no Brasil)

A visão das crianças parece ter piorado nos últimos anos. Uma em cada três tem miopia ou é incapaz de ver claramente coisas à distância, sugere um levantamento global.
Os autores do trabalho avaliam que o isolamento relacionado à pandemia da COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo na visão, pois as crianças passaram mais tempo em telas — e menos tempo ao ar livre.
A miopia é uma preocupação global crescente de saúde, e deve afetar milhões de crianças até 2050, alerta o estudo.
As taxas mais altas da condição estão concentradas na Ásia — 85% das crianças no Japão e 73% na Coreia do Sul são míopes, com mais de 40% afetadas na China.
Paraguai e Uganda, com cerca de 1% de miopia entre o público infantil, tiveram alguns dos níveis mais baixos encontrados na pesquisa.
O Brasil também apresenta uma baixa frequência do quadro: 3% das crianças do país são míopes.
Vale ponderar que esse dado brasileiro vem de um único estudo, feito em 2013 na Universidade de São Paulo em Ribeirão Preto, que avaliou 1.590 indivíduos de 10 a 15 anos na cidade de Gurupi, no Tocantins.
O levantamento internacional, publicado no British Journal of Ophthalmology, analisou pesquisas que envolveram mais de 5 milhões de crianças e adolescentes de 50 países em todos os continentes.
Os cálculos revelaram que os casos de miopia triplicaram entre 1990 e 2023.
E o aumento foi "particularmente notável" após a pandemia da COVID-19, segundo os autores.
A miopia geralmente começa durante os anos do Ensino Fundamental e tende a piorar até que o olho pare de crescer, por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
Existem fatores que aumentam o risco de desenvolver a condição — viver no Leste Asiático é um deles.
O quadro também está relacionado à genética e certas mutações que as crianças herdam de seus pais, mas há outros fatores que podem influenciar, como a idade muito jovem, por volta dos dois anos, em que as crianças vão para a escola em países como Singapura e Hong Kong.
Isso significa que esses jovens focam os olhos por mais tempo em livros e telas durante os primeiros anos de vida, o que tensiona os músculos oculares e pode levar à miopia, sugere a pesquisa.
Na África, onde a educação formal começa na idade de seis a oito anos, a incidência de miopia é cerca de um sétimo do que a verificada na Ásia.
Durante os momentos de lockdowns e isolamento da pandemia da COVID-19, quando milhões de pessoas tiveram que ficar em ambientes fechados por longos períodos, a visão de crianças e adolescentes foi prejudicada.
"Evidências recentes sugerem uma associação potencial entre a pandemia e a deterioração acelerada da visão entre jovens adultos", escrevem os pesquisadores.
Até 2050, a miopia pode afetar mais da metade dos adolescentes em todo o mundo, preveem os autores.
Ainda de acordo com o trabalho recém-publicado, meninas e mulheres jovens provavelmente terão taxas mais altas da condição do que indivíduos do sexo masculino porque tendem a passar menos tempo em atividades ao ar livre na escola e em casa à medida que crescem.
Além disso, o desenvolvimento das meninas, incluindo o período da puberdade, se inicia mais cedo, o que significa que elas tendem a ter miopia em uma idade mais precoce.
Embora a Ásia deva ter os índices mais altos da condição em comparação com todos os outros continentes até 2050, os países em desenvolvimento também podem chegar a 40% da população afetada pela miopia no futuro, estimam os pesquisadores.
Como posso proteger a visão do meu filho?
Para reduzir o risco de miopia, as crianças — especialmente aquelas que têm entre sete e nove anos — devem passar pelo menos duas horas ao ar livre todos os dias, sugerem especialistas em oftalmologia do Reino Unido.
A ciência ainda não descobriu se o fator mais preponderante aqui é a presença de luz solar natural, o exercício feito ao ar livre ou o fato de os olhos das crianças precisarem focar em objetos mais distantes durante essas atividades.
"Há algo em estar ao ar livre que traz um benefício real para as crianças", pontua o médico Daniel Hardiman-McCartney, consultor clínico do Colégio de Optometristas do Reino Unido.
Ele também recomenda que os pais levem os filhos para um exame oftalmológico entre os sete e os 10 anos, mesmo que a visão da criança tenha sido verificada em anos anteriores.
Os pais também devem ser avaliados, uma vez que a miopia é hereditária. Caso um dos progenitores seja míope, os filhos têm três vezes mais probabilidade de também desenvolver o quadro.
A miopia não tem cura, mas pode ser corrigida com óculos ou lentes de contato.
Além disso, lentes especiais podem retardar o desenvolvimento da miopia em crianças pequenas, ao estimular o olho a crescer de forma adequada. No entanto, elas costumam ser caras.
Na Ásia, onde essas lentes especiais já são muito populares, salas de aula feitas de vidro, que mimetizam o aprendizado ao ar livre, também viraram uma das soluções para o problema.

https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/c33vzkknmmno
De acordo com as informações do texto é INCORRETO afirmar que:
Alternativas
Q3056860 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
No início do século XIX chegou ao litoral catarinense o português Agostinho Alves Ramos, que ordenou a construção de uma capela onde foi originado o povoado de Itajaí. A região continuou recebendo portuguêses que:
Alternativas
Q3056861 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
Itajaí é considerada no "processo de urbanização" uma cidade portuária de grande volume de capital e toneladas.
Os portos de Itajaí apresentam os maiores volumes de contêineres onde sua produção é:
Marque a opção correta.
Alternativas
Q3056862 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
De acordo com o atlas do IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística), vários municípios de Santa Catarina se destacam com os maiores indicadores sociais do Brasil.
Os indicadores sociais favoráveis podem trazer como consequência:
Alternativas
Q3056863 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
No processo de colonização de Santa Catarina, um fator geográfico facilitou o processo de ocupação. Marque a alternativa que estabeleça um fator que favoreceu o processo de colonização.
Alternativas
Q3056864 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
Atualmente, o estado de Santa Catarina é formado por 14 regiões metropolitanas que se formaram pelo crescimento urbano horizontal e vertical. O encontro dos centros urbanos é denominado de:
Alternativas
Q3056865 História e Geografia de Estados e Municípios
A Marejada é uma festa popular de Itajaí marcada pela apresentação de produtos do mar através da culinária, das exposições e do folclore português.
Marque a alternativa que estabelece o significado do nome Marejada.
Alternativas
Q3056866 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What is the most likely purpose of the "Babyloniaca," written by Berossus?
Alternativas
Q3056867 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


The text states that Antiochus I performed "a Greek sacrifice" after tripping during a ceremony. What does this detail suggest about his approach to ruling?
Alternativas
Q3056868 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


When using skimming and scanning strategies, which of the following would be the best method to quickly find the year in which Antiochus I began rebuilding the Temple of Ezida?
Alternativas
Q3056869 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What can be inferred about Antiochus I's relationship with his Babylonian subjects?
Alternativas
Q3056870 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


Based on the text, what was a major reason for the Seleucids to accommodate local traditions in Babylon?
Alternativas
Q3056871 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What does the phrase "king of the world" in the cylinder most likely reflect?
Alternativas
Q3056872 Inglês
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.

For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant they needed to contend with the many non-Greek cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters. Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late second century BC.

From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the Great had designated it as the capital of his newly conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran operations until his own murder just a few years later in 321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination, Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War" was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt from any further devastation as later wars were contained to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.

In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida, devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under very similar principles:

I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries, the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon

When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.

Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any negative energy this may have incurred. Through his maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world", "great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder: her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku ("Astarte-fornicating").

This policy of accommodation and respect of the local traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated. Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the Babylonian model.

https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s eleucid-imperial-ideology/


What is the primary text type of the passage provided?
Alternativas
Q3056873 Pedagogia
Sobre a História do Ensino de Língua Inglesa no Brasil, julgue as sentenças abaixo como VERDADEIRAS ou FALSAS.

1. (__) Durante o período imperial, o ensino de línguas estrangeiras no Brasil estava mais voltado para o francês e o latim, línguas consideradas prestigiadas nas elites intelectuais da época. A influência do francês era evidente na cultura e nas ciências, sendo a língua internacional da diplomacia e das artes.
2. (__) A partir da Era Vargas, com a industrialização e modernização do Brasil, o inglês começou a ocupar um lugar de destaque, principalmente no campo econômico e tecnológico. O aumento das relações comerciais com os Estados Unidos, que se tornaram um dos principais parceiros econômicos do Brasil, demandou o aprendizado do inglês como uma necessidade prática para profissionais ligados ao comércio, à indústria e ao governo.
3. (__) O período após a Guerra do Paraguai marcou uma expansão do ensino de inglês no Brasil. Com a hegemonia da Inglaterra na ordem mundial, o inglês se consolidou como a língua da ciência, da tecnologia e da política global.

A sequência CORRETA é:
Alternativas
Q3056874 Pedagogia
A compreensão auditiva é uma habilidade receptiva que envolve a decodificação de sons, a identificação de palavras e a compreensão de significados em diferentes contextos orais. Isso inclui a habilidade de lidar com variações de sotaque, velocidade da fala e ruídos de fundo, como ocorre em situações reais de comunicação. Com base nesse conceito, assinale a alternativa correta sobre os desafios e estratégias no desenvolvimento da compreensão auditiva em língua inglesa:
Alternativas
Q3056875 Legislação dos Municípios do Estado de Santa Catarina
Considerando o Programa Municipal Diversidade Étnico-racial, de Gênero e Combate ao Bullying, Decreto 10.357/14, julgue as sentenças abaixo como VERDADEIRAS ou FALSAS.

1. (__) É garantido a igualdade de oportunidade a todo cidadão brasileiro, independente da cor da pele, de gênero e orientação sexual na construção de um espaço e diálogo e formação permanente entre escola, comunidade e Secretaria Municipal de Educação.
2. (__) Rede Municipal de Educação, através de seus órgãos competentes, promoverá a interdisciplinaridade com o conjunto das áreas humanas, exatas e biológicas, adequando o estudo da cultura afro-brasileira e africana, relação de gênero, orientação sexual e bullying, bem como, seus valores civilizatórios.
3. (__) Os conteúdos de gênero e orientação sexual serão norteados por meio das abordagens especificadas pela Secretaria Especial de Política para as Mulheres e da Secretaria de Direitos Humanos do Governo Federal, entre outros estudos especializados selecionados por grupo de trabalho.

A sequência CORRETA é:
Alternativas
Respostas
1: C
2: C
3: A
4: C
5: C
6: D
7: B
8: D
9: C
10: D
11: A
12: B
13: B
14: B
15: A
16: C
17: A
18: D
19: D
20: A