Kumaravadivelu (2001) points out that what is known as meth...

Kumaravadivelu (2001) points out that what is known as method has not been enough to fulfill language learning needs. Methods have been used as a set of practices designed by specialists in order to make language acquisition happen. However, according to Kumaravadivelu, studies have shown that the use of these sets of practices may have the opposite effect, since they do not seem to consider students’ context, which prevents learning from being meaningful. For the author, a postmethod pedagogy has emerged from studies that focus on teachers’ beliefs, reasoning and cognition. This postmethod condition is, therefore, a three-dimensional system consisting of three parameters.

Read the examples of practices below and mark the alternative that respectively corresponds to the three parameters that form the postmethod pedagogy system as described by Kumaravadivelu:

I. Teachers are able to theorize from their own practice, developing knowledge and skills.

II. Teachers identify problems, find solutions and go through a cycle of observation, reflection and action.

III. Teachers consider experiences brought to the classroom and provide an environment where linguistic and social needs are considered.