Questões de Concurso

Read the Text I and answer the five questions that follow it.

Text I

Correspondence

Human genome editing: potential seeds of conflict

Recently, The Lancet published an important declaration regarding the necessity of regulating and legislating for human genome editing. We agree with their opinions that the human genome editing technology and resulting research can have both positive and negative effects on human society. The use of genome editing for research and commercial purposes has sparked debates in both biological and political realms. However, most of them have mainly focused on the effects of human genome editing on the patients themselves, and little attention has been paid to their offspring.

Several films, such as Gattaca and Gundam SEED, have addressed the conflicts that arise from human genome editing. Such conflicts not only exist within the generation who have experienced editing but are also transmitted to their offspring. For example, in these films, the offspring of people without genome editing felt a sense of unfairness regarding the inferiority of their physical (or other non-edited domains) status, whereas the offspring of people with genome editing grew up in a biased, discriminated against, and ostracized environment. They could have lived in peace with a strong and well regulated government; however, when the tenuous grip of government weakens, jealousy and resentment can lead to ruins. Although these scenes still exist in films, they might become increasingly plausible in decades to come. Using the concept of preparedness, access, countermeasures, tools, and trust, we should prepare legitimate human genome editing, establish access to deal with imminent or potential discrimination, develop countermeasures and tools for prevention and resolution of conflict, and entrust future generations with the responsibility to use them wisely.

Bing-Yan Zeng, Ping-Tao Tseng, *Chih-Sung Liang

Adapted from: www.thelancet.com, vol. 401, June 24, 2023 athttps://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2823%2901084-X

TEXTO 6

ESSENTIAL GAME ELEMENTS

At its heart, gamification is about taking elements from games and applying them to non-game settings (Deterding, 2011). While many look at modern video games as a key inspiration for gamification, central elements such as points and levels come out of tabletop roleplaying games. While no one has yet succeeded in coming up with an undisputed definition for "game," most would agree that to be considered a game, it must include at least the following aspects:

1. Interactivity: If there is no way for the player to affect change on the system; if there is nothing for the player to actually do, then it ceases to be a game.

2. Rules: A mechanism to constrain the behavior of players in pre-specified ways.

3. Goal(s): One or more objectives that players pursue while interacting with the game.

4. Quantifiable measure of progress (or success): This can be as simple as a binary acknowledgement of completion, or as complex as a set of cricket scores.

5. Definite ending: While some applications commonly referred to as games do not have clear endings (The Sims, for example), most games have a clear endpoint. By this measure of game, it could easily be argued that a formal educational course meets these criteria.

Source: Gamification in the Classroom: Old Wine in New Badges, by Katrin Becker and Scott Nicholson. In: Learning, Education and Games Volume Two: Bringing Games into Educational Contexis. ETC Press, 2006. Available on: hitps://www.researchgate.net/publication/308402198 Gam ification in the Classroom Old Wine in New Badges

What is customer experience management?

(Available at: www.dynamics.microsoft.com/en-us/marketing/what-is-customer-experience-management-cxm/ – text specially adapted for this test).

Text 4 to answer questions 21 and 22.

1 -------Enterprise-class firewalls, such as those made by

----FORTINET, Cisco Systems and NetScreen Technologies,

----have long been marketplace commodities. Out of the box,

4 --they provide reliable, relatively easy-to-use security

----solutions. Buying some licenses from vendors can also

----provide 24/7 support and ongoing maintenance. In

7 --addition, commercial firewalls have configuration

----facilities, usually through graphical interfaces, and

----facilitated interaction with other security technologies such

10 --as SIEM, EDR, DRP, etc.

---------But commercial firewalls have a problem: many

----would say that they are expensive. That is why some IT

13 --teams consider the use of other options like open-source

----firewalls. iptables®, for example, is a freeware Linux tool

----developed by NetFilter that isn’t nearly as easy to use, but

16 --it’s quickly catching up in features and functionality.

---------iptables® firewall boasts many features normally

----found only in commercial firewalls, including packet

19 --defragmentation, rate limiting, integration of VPNs, scale

----up and scale down, packet content inspection and protocol

----state tracking.

22 -------So why don't we always use iptables® firewall instead

----of proprietary applications or devices? In addition to the

----support from manufacturers that the more traditional choice

25 --has, we can highlight iptables’® need for professional

----training, and also the need for hiring large support teams,

27--which could cost even more money in some scenarios.

Disponível em:<https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/opinion/Commercialfirewalls-vs-Open-source-firewalls>. Acesso em 20 mar. 2021, com adaptações.