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Grammatical focus: A superlative B past simple C gerunds and infinitives D relative pronouns E present simple passive F second conditional
Example assessment items: 1) Complete the sentences with the correct word(s). I .......... there for six years before moving to Budapest. 2) Complete the descriptions with who or which. This is a kind of cheese .......... is made from goat’s milk not cow’s milk. 3) Rewrite the sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Where (you/fly) if (you/be) a bird? 4) Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Coffee (grow) in Brazil. It (export) to many countries in the world. 5) Complete the sentences with ... +ing or to + ... . I decided (send) a letter to my friend. 6) Complete the sentences with an appropriate adjective. Shanghai is the .......... city in the world.
Mark the alternative that presents the correct sequence:
The Disappearing Honeybee
- Honeybees do more than just make honey. They fly around and pollinate flowers, plants, and trees. Our fruits, nuts, and vegetables rely.....................these pollinators. One third.....................America’s food supply is pollinated.....................the honeybee.
Have you seen or heard a honeybee lately? Bees are mysteriously disappearing in many parts of the world. Most people don’t know about this problem. It is called “colony collapse disorder” (CCD). Some North American beekeepers lost 80% of their hives from 2006-2008. Bees in Italy and Australia are disappearing too.
The disappearance of the honeybee is a serious problem. Can you imagine never eating another blueberry? What about almonds and cherries? Without honeybees food prices will skyrocket. The poorest people always suffer the worst when there is a lack of food.
This problem affects other foods besides fresh produce. Imagine losing your favourite ice cream! Haagen Daaz is a famous ice cream company. Many of their flavours rely on the hard working honeybee. In 2008, Haagen Daaz began raising money for CCD. They also funded a garden at the University of California called The Haven. This garden helps raise awareness about the disappearing honeybee and teaches visitors how to plant for pollinators.
Donating money to research is the most important thing humans can do to save the honeybee. Some scientists blame CCD on climate change. Others think pesticides are killing the bees. Commercial bee migration may also cause CCD. Beekeepers transport their hives from place to place in order to pollinate plants year round.
https://www.englishclub.com/reading/environment/honeybee.htm
Analyze the sentences according to structure and grammar use.
1. The underlined words in the following sentence: “ The poorest people always suffer the worst when there is a lack of food.”, are examples of adjectives in the comparative of superiority degree.
2. In the sentence:” Imagine losing your favourite ice cream!”, the underlined word is a noun.
3. The words in bold in the text: ‘they’ and ‘our’ are pronouns.
4. The word ‘hives’ has the following definition: a container for housing honeybees.
Choose the alternative which contains all the correct affirmatives:
Text I
CLT or a task-based approach is not a panacea to language teaching. There are numerous challenges to making communicative language teaching happen. These issues have to do with the choice of content, context, specific skill areas (e.g., vocabulary, grammar, etc.), and particular learning tasks that determine a curriculum.
These choices are tightly linked to questions about what it means to ―know‖ a language, to be proficient in a language, and what communicative abilities entail. While the literature on language teaching has attempted to provide answers to such questions, there are no universally accepted standards. The proficiency and standards movements have attempted to provide some guidelines, but they often remain broad in learner performance descriptions. This ultimately makes assessment of individual learners‘ communicative ability challenging, and it essentially leaves judgment of learner progress up to the teachers.
Communicative abilities cannot be simply categorized as speaking, listening, reading, or writing skills, as it was done in a traditional four skills approach. For example, when two people talk to each other, the process normally involves speaking and listening skills as well as active communicative strategies such as asking for clarification and adjusting language to make each other understood. The endeavor to teach languages in a way that encompasses all skills, based on an interactive view of language behavior, has posed many challenges on how to go about integrating the four skills effectively in a daily and long-term curriculum.
The teaching of proficiency and communicative-based skills raises the question not only about content but also about the choice of learning tasks or best teaching practices. CLT does not promote one standardized method or curriculum, but is eclectic in its approach. Being eclectic means it promotes the best or most effective techniques or methodologies. At the same time, the choice of techniques and learning tasks is not an arbitrary decision, but is firmly grounded in principles of learning as they are motivated by research in second language acquisition (SLA) and educational psychology. Learning what constitutes effective ways of learning and teaching initially requires intensive training and in the long run staying in touch with current SLA research findings.
As a last point, the quality of CLT also often depends on the quality of teaching materials. Unfortunately, only in the most commonly taught languages—such as English, Spanish, French, and German—does an abundance of materials exist to support the development of communicative language abilities over a wide range of skills.
(Source: <http://www.pearsonhighered.com/samplechapter/0131579061.pdf>
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