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O complexo B é um conjunto de nove vitaminas hidrossolúveis com importante ação no metabolismo celular. A solubilidade na água é uma das poucas características que elas compartilham. Em relação às suas fontes alimentares e deficiências, analise as afirmativas a seguir.
I. As fontes mais ricas de tiamina são o levedo e o fígado; entretanto, os grãos integrais são a fonte mais importante da vitamina.
II. A deficiência de riboflavina leva a anormalidades metabólicas que resultam na produção insuficiente de PLP.
III. Os sintomas de deficiência de niacina iniciam com fraqueza muscular, anorexia, indigestão e erupções cutâneas.
IV. As fontes mais importantes do ácido pantotênico em dietas mistas são as carnes (principalmente fígado e coração).
V. Cogumelos, abacates, brócolis, gemas de ovo, fermento, leite desnatado e batatas-doces são fontes de vitamina B6.
VI. Em indivíduos incapazes de sintetizar a vitamina C, sua deficiência aguda resulta em escorbuto.
Estão corretas as afirmativas
“No envelhecimento, o cuidado de nutrição, não está apenas no manejo da doença ou terapia de nutrição clínica, é necessário ampliá-lo com um forte foco em estilos saudáveis e prevenção de doenças. Na nutrição podem-se incluir três tipos de serviços preventivos. Na prevenção ________________, o gerenciamento de caso e o planejamento da alta muitas vezes envolvem problemas de mastigação e de apetite, dietas modificadas e limitações funcionais. A prevenção ________________ envolve a redução do risco e retardo no progresso de doenças crônicas relacionadas à nutrição para manter a funcionalidade e a qualidade de vida. Na prevenção ________________, a ênfase está na nutrição, na promoção da saúde e na prevenção de doenças.” Assinale a alternativa que completa correta e sequencialmente a afirmativa anterior.
A sequência está correta em
Alimentos e nutrientes podem alterar a ação farmacológica pretendida de um fármaco pelo aumento ou oposição aos efeitos da medicação. Um exemplo clássico de aumento do efeito do fármaco é a interação entre os inibidores da monoaminoxidase (IMAO) como sulfato de fenelzina (Nardil) ou tranilcipromina (Parnate) e agentes pressóricos como:
Em relação às diretrizes dietoterápicas para obesidade, relacione adequadamente as colunas a seguir.
1. Fibras.
2. Colesterol.
3. Líquidos.
4. Vitaminas e minerais.
( ) São atingidos os requerimentos totais nos planos de 1200 kcal ou maiores.
( ) Entre 20 a 30 g por dia.
( ) 1500 cc para cada 1000 kcal.
( ) Não mais que 300 mg/dia.
A sequência está correta em
Sobre a digestão, marque V para as afirmativas verdadeiras e F para as falsas.
( ) Os açúcares da banana requerem alta digestão; portanto, não atravessam as células intestinais imediatamente.
( ) A digestão do amido acelera quando o pâncreas envia enzimas pancreáticas ao intestino delgado através do ducto pancreático.
( ) A digestão de proteínas é independente das proteases pancreática e intestinal.
A sequência está correta em
Para quebrar um dissacarídeo em dois, é preciso uma reação química:
Durante várias décadas, fatores dietéticos ganharam ou perderam importância como um componente importante na causa e tratamento da dispepsia, gastrite e úlcera péptica. Neste caso, é correto afirmar que
As manifestações de doença renal são significativas e as metas do cuidado nutricional dependem do distúrbio que está sendo tratado. Em relação aos cálculos renais, faz parte do tratamento nutricional, EXCETO:
Read the text to answer 39 and 40.
One day an Indian gentleman, a snake charmer, arrived in England by plane. He was coming from Bombay with two pieces of luggage. The big of them contained a snake. A man and a little boy was watching him at the customs area. The man said to the little boy “Go and speak to the gentleman”. When the little boy was speaking with the traveller, the thief took the big suitcase and went out quickly. When the victim saw that he cried, “Help me! Help me! A thief!” A police officer was in this corner whistle but it was too late. The thieves escaped with the big suitcase, took their car and went in the traffic. Later they had a big surprise because the suitcase contain a snake.
(ELLIS, Rod. Second Language Acquisition. Oxford University Press. Pag. 15-16.)
The use of “contained” (L 2) and “contain” (L 6) indicates:
Read the text to answer 39 and 40.
One day an Indian gentleman, a snake charmer, arrived in England by plane. He was coming from Bombay with two pieces of luggage. The big of them contained a snake. A man and a little boy was watching him at the customs area. The man said to the little boy “Go and speak to the gentleman”. When the little boy was speaking with the traveller, the thief took the big suitcase and went out quickly. When the victim saw that he cried, “Help me! Help me! A thief!” A police officer was in this corner whistle but it was too late. The thieves escaped with the big suitcase, took their car and went in the traffic. Later they had a big surprise because the suitcase contain a snake.
(ELLIS, Rod. Second Language Acquisition. Oxford University Press. Pag. 15-16.)
All items about the text are correct, EXCEPT:
The period from de 1970s through the 1980s witnessed a major paradigma shift in language teaching. The quest for alternatives to grammar-based approaches and methods led in several different directions. Mainstream language teaching embraced the growing interest in communicative approaches to language teaching. Alternative approaches and methods of the 1970s and 1980s have had a somewhat varied history, but each can be seen as stressing important dimensions of the teaching-learning process. Mark the item which represents an alternative approach or method.
Mark the item which contains an inconsistency and its corresponding correction.
Read the text to answer 33, 34 and 35.
As epoch-making as Gutenberg’s printing press, 3-D printing is changing the future.
By Roff Smith
Rocket engine parts, chocolate figurines, functional replica pistols, a Dutch canal house, designer sunglasses, a zippy two-seater car, a rowboat, a prototype bionic ear, pizzas — hardly a week goes by without a startling tour de force in the rapidly evolving technology of three-dimensional printing. What sounds like something out of Star Trek — the starship’s replicator could synthesize anything — is increasingly becoming a reality. Indeed, NASA is testing a 3-D printer on the International Space Station to see if it might provide a way to fabricate meals, tools, and replacement parts on long missions. Back on Earth, long-term business plans are being reimagined. Airbus envisions that by 2050 entire planes could be built of 3-D printed parts. GE is already using printers to make fuel-nozzle tips for jet engines. And interest isn’t limited just to corporate giants.
The high cost of tooling up a factory has long been a barrier to developing niche products. But now anyone with an idea and money could go into small-scale manufacturing, using computer-aided design software to create a threedimensional drawing of an object and letting a commercial 3-D printing firm do the rest. Since a product’s specifications can be “retooled” at a keyboard, the technology is perfect for limited production runs, prototypes, or one-time creations — like the one-third-scale model of a 1964 Aston Martin DB5 that producers of the James Bond film Skyfall had printed, then blew up in a climactic scene. And because a 3-D printer builds an object a bit at a time, placing material only where it needs to be, it can make geometrically complex objects that can’t be made by injecting material into molds — often at a considerable savings in weight with no loss in strength. It can also produce intricately shaped objects in a single piece, such as GE’s titanium fuel-nozzle tips, which otherwise would be made of at least 20 pieces. “People read about the fabulous things that are being made with 3-D printing technology, and they are led to believe that they will be able to make these things themselves at home and that what they turn out will be of a really high standard of workmanship, it won’t be.” Dr. Rowly, a tech expert says. While consumer printers may one day allow us to make whatever we like, Rowley envisions a different grassroots revolution, one where people can test ideas that once would never have made it off the back of an envelope.
(Available: http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/3d-printer.)
According to what the text mentions, 3-D printing is able to produce
Read the text to answer 33, 34 and 35.
As epoch-making as Gutenberg’s printing press, 3-D printing is changing the future.
By Roff Smith
Rocket engine parts, chocolate figurines, functional replica pistols, a Dutch canal house, designer sunglasses, a zippy two-seater car, a rowboat, a prototype bionic ear, pizzas — hardly a week goes by without a startling tour de force in the rapidly evolving technology of three-dimensional printing. What sounds like something out of Star Trek — the starship’s replicator could synthesize anything — is increasingly becoming a reality. Indeed, NASA is testing a 3-D printer on the International Space Station to see if it might provide a way to fabricate meals, tools, and replacement parts on long missions. Back on Earth, long-term business plans are being reimagined. Airbus envisions that by 2050 entire planes could be built of 3-D printed parts. GE is already using printers to make fuel-nozzle tips for jet engines. And interest isn’t limited just to corporate giants.
The high cost of tooling up a factory has long been a barrier to developing niche products. But now anyone with an idea and money could go into small-scale manufacturing, using computer-aided design software to create a threedimensional drawing of an object and letting a commercial 3-D printing firm do the rest. Since a product’s specifications can be “retooled” at a keyboard, the technology is perfect for limited production runs, prototypes, or one-time creations — like the one-third-scale model of a 1964 Aston Martin DB5 that producers of the James Bond film Skyfall had printed, then blew up in a climactic scene. And because a 3-D printer builds an object a bit at a time, placing material only where it needs to be, it can make geometrically complex objects that can’t be made by injecting material into molds — often at a considerable savings in weight with no loss in strength. It can also produce intricately shaped objects in a single piece, such as GE’s titanium fuel-nozzle tips, which otherwise would be made of at least 20 pieces. “People read about the fabulous things that are being made with 3-D printing technology, and they are led to believe that they will be able to make these things themselves at home and that what they turn out will be of a really high standard of workmanship, it won’t be.” Dr. Rowly, a tech expert says. While consumer printers may one day allow us to make whatever we like, Rowley envisions a different grassroots revolution, one where people can test ideas that once would never have made it off the back of an envelope.
(Available: http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/3d-printer.)
“The high cost of tooling up a factory has long been a barrier to developing niche products.” (L 9) matches:
Read the text to answer 33, 34 and 35.
As epoch-making as Gutenberg’s printing press, 3-D printing is changing the future.
By Roff Smith
Rocket engine parts, chocolate figurines, functional replica pistols, a Dutch canal house, designer sunglasses, a zippy two-seater car, a rowboat, a prototype bionic ear, pizzas — hardly a week goes by without a startling tour de force in the rapidly evolving technology of three-dimensional printing. What sounds like something out of Star Trek — the starship’s replicator could synthesize anything — is increasingly becoming a reality. Indeed, NASA is testing a 3-D printer on the International Space Station to see if it might provide a way to fabricate meals, tools, and replacement parts on long missions. Back on Earth, long-term business plans are being reimagined. Airbus envisions that by 2050 entire planes could be built of 3-D printed parts. GE is already using printers to make fuel-nozzle tips for jet engines. And interest isn’t limited just to corporate giants.
The high cost of tooling up a factory has long been a barrier to developing niche products. But now anyone with an idea and money could go into small-scale manufacturing, using computer-aided design software to create a threedimensional drawing of an object and letting a commercial 3-D printing firm do the rest. Since a product’s specifications can be “retooled” at a keyboard, the technology is perfect for limited production runs, prototypes, or one-time creations — like the one-third-scale model of a 1964 Aston Martin DB5 that producers of the James Bond film Skyfall had printed, then blew up in a climactic scene. And because a 3-D printer builds an object a bit at a time, placing material only where it needs to be, it can make geometrically complex objects that can’t be made by injecting material into molds — often at a considerable savings in weight with no loss in strength. It can also produce intricately shaped objects in a single piece, such as GE’s titanium fuel-nozzle tips, which otherwise would be made of at least 20 pieces. “People read about the fabulous things that are being made with 3-D printing technology, and they are led to believe that they will be able to make these things themselves at home and that what they turn out will be of a really high standard of workmanship, it won’t be.” Dr. Rowly, a tech expert says. While consumer printers may one day allow us to make whatever we like, Rowley envisions a different grassroots revolution, one where people can test ideas that once would never have made it off the back of an envelope.
(Available: http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/3d-printer.)
Indeed (L 4) means:
Read the text to answer 31 and 32.
Language aptitude
It has been suggested that people differ in the extent to which they possess a natural ability for learning an L2. This ability, known as language aptitude, is believed to be in part related to general intelligence but also to be in part distinct. Research involving language aptitude has focused on whether and to what extent language aptitude is related to success in L2 learning. Learners who score highly on language aptitude tests tipically learn rapidly and achieve higher levels of L2 proficiency than learners who obtain low scores. Furthermore, research has shown that this is so whether the measure of L2 proficiency is some kind of formal language text or a measure of more communicative language use.
(ELLIS, Rod. Second Language Acquisition. Oxford University Press. Pag. 73-74.)
Furthermore (L 5) introduces the idea of:
Read the text to answer 31 and 32.
Language aptitude
It has been suggested that people differ in the extent to which they possess a natural ability for learning an L2. This ability, known as language aptitude, is believed to be in part related to general intelligence but also to be in part distinct. Research involving language aptitude has focused on whether and to what extent language aptitude is related to success in L2 learning. Learners who score highly on language aptitude tests tipically learn rapidly and achieve higher levels of L2 proficiency than learners who obtain low scores. Furthermore, research has shown that this is so whether the measure of L2 proficiency is some kind of formal language text or a measure of more communicative language use.
(ELLIS, Rod. Second Language Acquisition. Oxford University Press. Pag. 73-74.)
Mark the item which is NOT a component of language aptitude.
“Considerado um dos países com os mais baixos índices de indicadores sociais no continente americano, foi palco de uma revolta popular em 2004 que depôs o governo do presidente Jean Aristide. Nesse contexto, missões de paz da ONU enviaram tropas brasileiras para garantir tranquilidade à população em meio à transição de governo. Em 2010, um forte terremoto agravou ainda mais os problemas sociais, econômicos e políticos enfrentados por essa nação.” Esse país é:
“Corta a cidade de Londres, na Inglaterra; considerado biologicamente morto até a década de 1960 devido ao acúmulo de rejeitos provocados pela poluição. Ficou famoso por ter passado por um intenso processo de despoluição, que envolveu a criação de uma legislação rígida e um conjunto de ações que devolveu vida ao rio. Hoje é palco de inúmeras competições esportivas e cartão postal da cidade.” Trata-se do rio:
“O ____________ é utilizado como critério de seleção para os estudantes que pretendem concorrer a uma bolsa no Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni). Além disso, diversas universidades já usam o resultado do exame como critério de seleção para o ingresso no ensino superior, seja complementando ou substituindo o vestibular.” Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a afirmativa anterior.
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