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Q3056900
Segurança da Informação
A respeito de proteção e segurança, julgue o item.
A assinatura digital não permite assinar uma versão resumida ou sintetizada de um documento.
Q3056899
Segurança da Informação
A respeito de proteção e segurança, julgue o item.
Clickstream é a tecnologia que permite registrar as informações de um usuário durante uma sessão de navegação na web, tais como os anúncios que foram vistos e o que foi comprado.
Q3056898
Segurança da Informação
A respeito de proteção e segurança, julgue o item.
Os discos rígidos externos são uma solução quando se trata de segurança e recuperação de dados para microcomputadores, pois permitem armazenar e proteger documentos, arquivos, fotos, entre outros.
Q3056896
Segurança da Informação
A respeito de proteção e segurança, julgue o item.
Em caso de desastres naturais, uma forma de se proteger os dados de uma empresa é realizar backup. No entanto, não é permitido combinar os tipos de backup (completo, cumulativos e incrementais).
Q3056895
Redes de Computadores
Quanto aos protocolos e à transferência de informações e de arquivos, julgue o item.
Para realizar a transferência de dados entre computadores de uma mesma rede ou de redes diferentes, o programa scp utiliza o ssh.
Q3056894
Redes de Computadores
Quanto aos protocolos e à transferência de informações e de arquivos, julgue o item.
Para que o usuário realize, de forma automática, o upload de todos os arquivos de imagem cujos nomes começam com crt para um computador remoto, via FTP, ele deverá digitar e executar o comando mget crt*.jpg no prompt.
Q3056893
Redes de Computadores
Quanto aos protocolos e à transferência de informações e de arquivos, julgue o item.
No recebimento de um pacote, o protocolo UDP, em função de suas limitações, não realiza a verificação da integridade dos dados.
Q3056892
Redes de Computadores
Quanto aos protocolos e à transferência de informações e de arquivos, julgue o item.
Em uma rede não segura, o protocolo SSH (Secure Shell) garante o login remoto e outros serviços de segurança.
Q3056891
Redes de Computadores
Quanto aos protocolos e à transferência de informações e de arquivos, julgue o item.
As duas versões do Protocolo IP, IPv4 e IPv6, possuem datagramas com formatos idênticos.
Q3056889
Noções de Informática
Acerca do programa de correio eletrônico Mozilla Thunderbird e do programa de navegação Google Chrome, em sua versão mais recente, julgue o item.
Caso o usuário esteja no modo de navegação anônima do Google Chrome, ele não receberá notificações intrusivas ou enganosas de alguns sites.
Q3056888
Noções de Informática
Acerca do programa de correio eletrônico Mozilla Thunderbird e do programa de navegação Google Chrome, em sua versão mais recente, julgue o item.
Por ser um programa de correio eletrônico seguro e consistente, o Mozilla Thunderbird não permite que o usuário desanexe arquivos de um e‐mail recebido.
Q3056887
Noções de Informática
Acerca do programa de correio eletrônico Mozilla Thunderbird e do programa de navegação Google Chrome, em sua versão mais recente, julgue o item.
O Mozilla Thunderbird dispõe de um recurso que permite a verificação ortográfica de mensagens em diferentes idiomas, simultaneamente.
Q3056886
Noções de Informática
Acerca do programa de correio eletrônico Mozilla Thunderbird e do programa de navegação Google Chrome, em sua versão mais recente, julgue o item.
Ao clicar em 
localizado na parte superior
esquerda do programa Mozilla Thunderbird, conforme
mostra parte da tela a seguir: 
, o usuário
encontrará algumas opções do painel de pastas, como,
por exemplo, pastas não lidas e pastas favoritas.
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056877
Pedagogia
A história do ensino de língua inglesa no Brasil passou
por diversas transformações ao longo do tempo,
influenciada por diferentes metodologias e abordagens.
Com base nesse contexto, assinale a alternativa que não
corresponde a uma característica de uma abordagem ou
metodologia amplamente utilizada no ensino de língua
inglesa no Brasil:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056874
Pedagogia
A compreensão auditiva é uma habilidade receptiva que
envolve a decodificação de sons, a identificação de
palavras e a compreensão de significados em diferentes
contextos orais. Isso inclui a habilidade de lidar com
variações de sotaque, velocidade da fala e ruídos de
fundo, como ocorre em situações reais de comunicação.
Com base nesse conceito, assinale a alternativa correta
sobre os desafios e estratégias no desenvolvimento da
compreensão auditiva em língua inglesa:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056873
Pedagogia
Sobre a História do Ensino de Língua Inglesa no Brasil,
julgue as sentenças abaixo como VERDADEIRAS ou
FALSAS.
1. (__) Durante o período imperial, o ensino de línguas estrangeiras no Brasil estava mais voltado para o francês e o latim, línguas consideradas prestigiadas nas elites intelectuais da época. A influência do francês era evidente na cultura e nas ciências, sendo a língua internacional da diplomacia e das artes.
2. (__) A partir da Era Vargas, com a industrialização e modernização do Brasil, o inglês começou a ocupar um lugar de destaque, principalmente no campo econômico e tecnológico. O aumento das relações comerciais com os Estados Unidos, que se tornaram um dos principais parceiros econômicos do Brasil, demandou o aprendizado do inglês como uma necessidade prática para profissionais ligados ao comércio, à indústria e ao governo.
3. (__) O período após a Guerra do Paraguai marcou uma expansão do ensino de inglês no Brasil. Com a hegemonia da Inglaterra na ordem mundial, o inglês se consolidou como a língua da ciência, da tecnologia e da política global.
A sequência CORRETA é:
1. (__) Durante o período imperial, o ensino de línguas estrangeiras no Brasil estava mais voltado para o francês e o latim, línguas consideradas prestigiadas nas elites intelectuais da época. A influência do francês era evidente na cultura e nas ciências, sendo a língua internacional da diplomacia e das artes.
2. (__) A partir da Era Vargas, com a industrialização e modernização do Brasil, o inglês começou a ocupar um lugar de destaque, principalmente no campo econômico e tecnológico. O aumento das relações comerciais com os Estados Unidos, que se tornaram um dos principais parceiros econômicos do Brasil, demandou o aprendizado do inglês como uma necessidade prática para profissionais ligados ao comércio, à indústria e ao governo.
3. (__) O período após a Guerra do Paraguai marcou uma expansão do ensino de inglês no Brasil. Com a hegemonia da Inglaterra na ordem mundial, o inglês se consolidou como a língua da ciência, da tecnologia e da política global.
A sequência CORRETA é:
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056872
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under
the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's
origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members
presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par
excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant
they needed to contend with the many non-Greek
cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of
evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local
traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically
in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last
native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters.
Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took
power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the
empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late
second century BC.
From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia
was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the
Great had designated it as the capital of his newly
conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and
the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran
operations until his own murder just a few years later in
321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination,
Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His
position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus
Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to
the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually
able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against
Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the
countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War"
was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of
king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the
foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly
affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt
from any further devastation as later wars were contained
to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper
once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and
his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during
Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest
evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.
In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest
of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian
cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida,
devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a
striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a
deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the
authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While
often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human
rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of
Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida
was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to
celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely
damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under
very similar principles:
I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the
king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries,
the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first
son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon
When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila
and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was
still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila
and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for
the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.
Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such
as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of
the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of
elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While
providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have
tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any
estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any
negative energy this may have incurred. Through his
maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is
fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and
the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world",
"great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier
Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen
Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder:
her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for
goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku
("Astarte-fornicating").
This policy of accommodation and respect of the local
traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought
to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be
reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known
by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official
serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is
most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history
of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially
survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is
evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the
mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may
have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize
Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a
handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated.
Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never
laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to
view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of
pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring
to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is
unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus
stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an
attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the
Babylonian model.
https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s
eleucid-imperial-ideology/
What is the primary text type of the passage provided?
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056871
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under
the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's
origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members
presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par
excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant
they needed to contend with the many non-Greek
cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of
evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local
traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically
in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last
native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters.
Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took
power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the
empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late
second century BC.
From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia
was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the
Great had designated it as the capital of his newly
conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and
the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran
operations until his own murder just a few years later in
321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination,
Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His
position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus
Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to
the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually
able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against
Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the
countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War"
was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of
king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the
foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly
affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt
from any further devastation as later wars were contained
to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper
once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and
his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during
Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest
evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.
In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest
of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian
cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida,
devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a
striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a
deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the
authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While
often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human
rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of
Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida
was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to
celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely
damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under
very similar principles:
I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the
king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries,
the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first
son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon
When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila
and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was
still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila
and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for
the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.
Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such
as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of
the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of
elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While
providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have
tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any
estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any
negative energy this may have incurred. Through his
maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is
fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and
the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world",
"great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier
Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen
Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder:
her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for
goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku
("Astarte-fornicating").
This policy of accommodation and respect of the local
traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought
to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be
reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known
by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official
serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is
most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history
of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially
survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is
evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the
mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may
have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize
Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a
handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated.
Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never
laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to
view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of
pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring
to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is
unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus
stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an
attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the
Babylonian model.
https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s
eleucid-imperial-ideology/
What does the phrase "king of the world" in the cylinder
most likely reflect?
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056870
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under
the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's
origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members
presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par
excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant
they needed to contend with the many non-Greek
cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of
evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local
traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically
in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last
native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters.
Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took
power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the
empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late
second century BC.
From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia
was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the
Great had designated it as the capital of his newly
conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and
the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran
operations until his own murder just a few years later in
321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination,
Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His
position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus
Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to
the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually
able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against
Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the
countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War"
was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of
king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the
foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly
affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt
from any further devastation as later wars were contained
to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper
once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and
his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during
Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest
evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.
In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest
of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian
cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida,
devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a
striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a
deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the
authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While
often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human
rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of
Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida
was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to
celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely
damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under
very similar principles:
I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the
king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries,
the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first
son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon
When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila
and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was
still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila
and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for
the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.
Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such
as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of
the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of
elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While
providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have
tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any
estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any
negative energy this may have incurred. Through his
maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is
fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and
the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world",
"great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier
Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen
Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder:
her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for
goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku
("Astarte-fornicating").
This policy of accommodation and respect of the local
traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought
to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be
reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known
by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official
serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is
most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history
of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially
survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is
evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the
mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may
have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize
Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a
handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated.
Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never
laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to
view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of
pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring
to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is
unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus
stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an
attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the
Babylonian model.
https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s
eleucid-imperial-ideology/
Based on the text, what was a major reason for the
Seleucids to accommodate local traditions in Babylon?
Ano: 2024
Banca:
UNIVALI
Órgão:
Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC
Prova:
UNIVALI - 2024 - Prefeitura de Itajaí - SC - Professor Inglês |
Q3056869
Inglês
Texto associado
O texto seguinte servirá de base para responder à questão.
For nearly two hundred years, much of Asia was under
the rule of the Seleucid dynasty. Despite the family's
origins tracing back to Macedonia and its members
presenting themselves as Macedonian kings par
excellence, the sheer diversity of their subjects meant
they needed to contend with the many non-Greek
cultures that they now ruled over. The greatest body of
evidence for the Seleucids accommodating to local
traditions can be found in Mesopotamia, more specifically
in Babylon. Though it had been centuries since the last
native ruler, Babylon and its elite would hold great sway in the imperial ideology of their new Seleucid masters.
Babylon is where the founder Seleucus I Nicator first took
power, and Mesopotamia remained a heartland of the
empire until it was captured by the Parthians in the late
second century BC.
From the earliest days of the dynasty's history, Babylonia
was integral to the rise of the Seleucids. Alexander the
Great had designated it as the capital of his newly
conquered empire down to his untimely death in 323, and
the city is where the standing regent Perdiccas ran
operations until his own murder just a few years later in
321. As a reward for taking part in the assassination,
Seleucus was granted governorship of Babylonia. His
position was soon threatened by the ambitious Antigonus
Monopthalmus, forcing Seleucus and his family to flee to
the court of Ptolemy I in Egypt in 315. He was eventually
able to return in the spring of 311, but faced off against
Antigonid forces who besieged the city and ravaged the
countryside for two years. Once the "Babylonian War"
was brought to an end, Seleucus would take the title of
king in 306, and Mesopotamia was to serve as the
foundation of his burgeoning empire. The area was badly
affected during the fighting, but Babylonia was exempt
from any further devastation as later wars were contained
to the eastern Mediterranean. In time it would prosper
once again, now under the patronage of Seleucus and
his son Antiochus I Soter (r. 281-261), and it is during
Antiochus' reign that we find our earliest and strongest
evidence of Seleucid-Babylonian accommodation.
In the excavations of Borsippa, located 18 km southwest
of Babylon, a barrel-shaped piece of clay with Akkadian
cuneiform was discovered under the Temple of Ezida,
devoted to the Mesopotamian god Nabû. It bears a
striking similarity to the famous "Cyrus Cylinder", a
deposit made in the Temple of Esagila under the
authority of Cyrus the Great of Persia in 539 BC. While
often misleadingly described as the "first bill of human
rights", its main purpose is to broadcast the legitimacy of
Cyrus as the new ruler of Babylon. The cylinder of Ezida
was placed during the reign of Antiochus I in 268 to
celebrate the rebuilding of the temple, which was likely
damaged during the Babylonian War, and operates under
very similar principles:
I am Antiochus, the great king, the legitimate king, the
king of the world, king of Babylon, king of all countries,
the caretaker of the temples Esagila and Ezida, the first
son of King Seleucus, the Macedonian, king of Babylon
When I conceived the idea of (re)constructing Esagila
and Ezida, I formed with my august hands (when I was
still) in the country Hatti [Syria] the (first) brick for Esagila
and Ezida with the finest oil and brought (it with me) for
the laying of the foundation of Esagila and Ezida.
Other tablets record Antiochus' activities in Babylon, such
as his sacrifice to the moon god Sin and the rebuilding of
the temple of Esagila, where he ended up using teams of
elephants to clear much of the ruins and debris. While
providing a sacrifice at Esagila, the king is said to have
tripped and tumbled to the ground, a bad omen by any
estimation. It seems not to have affected him much, and he performed "a Greek sacrifice" to counteract any
negative energy this may have incurred. Through his
maintenance and patronage of the temples, Antiochus is
fulfilling his duties as the legitimate king of Babylon, and
the titles employed in the cylinder ("king of the world",
"great king" etc.) are directly taken from earlier
Babylonian, Persian, and Assyrian models. Queen
Stratonice I also receives special honors on the cylinder:
her titles in Akkadian are normally reserved for
goddesses, and her name is translated into A?tartanikku
("Astarte-fornicating").
This policy of accommodation and respect of the local
traditions would have served Antiochus well as he sought
to consolidate his father's empire, and it might also be
reflected in his personal staff. Bêl-re'u?unu, better known
by his Greek name Berossus, was a Babylonian official
serving in in the court of Seleucus and Antiochus I. He is
most famous as the author of the "Babyloniaca", a history
of Babylonia written in Greek that is now lost, but partially
survives in fragments and quotations.[9] While the style is
evocative of authors like Herodotus, it catalogued the
mythology and traditions of Mesopotamia. Berossus may
have been compelled to write it in order to legitimize
Babylonian culture for a Greek audience, or to act as a
handbook for Antiochus, to whom the book is dedicated.
Antiochus was born and raised in Babylon, having never
laid eyes on Macedonia, and so we might not need to
view his apparent affinity for local traditions as a matter of
pragmatism. The line in the Antiochus Cylinder referring
to his father as "King Seleucus, the Macedonian" is
unusual, since it can either be interpreted as Antiochus
stressing his own Greco-Macedonian ancestry or an
attempt to distinguish himself as a king reared in the
Babylonian model.
https://www.hellenistichistory.com/2023/09/11/hellenistic-babylon-and-s
eleucid-imperial-ideology/
What can be inferred about Antiochus I's relationship with
his Babylonian subjects?
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