Questões Militares de Inglês - Interpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

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Q2350472 Inglês
Text 1A2-I


           In 2020, the state of California experienced its worst wildfire season on record, with the Bay Area fire becoming one of the largest wildfires in American history. By the end of the year, the state recorded more than 8,600 blazes that burned down over 4 million acres of land, accounting for more than 4% of the state’s total land area.

         California is known for its wildfire seasons, which usually take place between late summer and early autumn, though they have been getting significantly more intense, destructive, and longer in the past two decades. At least one-third of the worst wildfires in USA (United States of America) history occurred in California. But what causes California such susceptibility to wildfires in the first place and what is causing the exacerbation of it?

          Wildfires can occur naturally and as a result of human activity, but three elements must be present for a wildfire to start. Fuel: Any flammable material surrounding a fire, which can come in the form of live or dead trees, dry vegetation, and other organic matter; Air: An abundance of oxygen supply. Heat sources: to ignite and burn the fuel. This could take the form of lightning strikes or human sources such as campfires or cigarettes.

          Natural wildfires, which are classified as natural disasters by the Environmental Protection Agency, can start during low precipitation, dry weather and droughts. During these conditions, dry vegetation becomes the perfect fuel for wildfires and when lightning strikes, it ignites a fire that can spread rapidly with the aid of strong winds and elevated temperatures.


Internet: <earth.org> (adapted).
In text 1A2-I, the excerpt “they have been getting significantly more intense, destructive, and longer in the past two decades” (first sentence of the second paragraph) conveys the idea that the wildfire seasons in California 
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Q2350471 Inglês
Text 1A2-I


           In 2020, the state of California experienced its worst wildfire season on record, with the Bay Area fire becoming one of the largest wildfires in American history. By the end of the year, the state recorded more than 8,600 blazes that burned down over 4 million acres of land, accounting for more than 4% of the state’s total land area.

         California is known for its wildfire seasons, which usually take place between late summer and early autumn, though they have been getting significantly more intense, destructive, and longer in the past two decades. At least one-third of the worst wildfires in USA (United States of America) history occurred in California. But what causes California such susceptibility to wildfires in the first place and what is causing the exacerbation of it?

          Wildfires can occur naturally and as a result of human activity, but three elements must be present for a wildfire to start. Fuel: Any flammable material surrounding a fire, which can come in the form of live or dead trees, dry vegetation, and other organic matter; Air: An abundance of oxygen supply. Heat sources: to ignite and burn the fuel. This could take the form of lightning strikes or human sources such as campfires or cigarettes.

          Natural wildfires, which are classified as natural disasters by the Environmental Protection Agency, can start during low precipitation, dry weather and droughts. During these conditions, dry vegetation becomes the perfect fuel for wildfires and when lightning strikes, it ignites a fire that can spread rapidly with the aid of strong winds and elevated temperatures.


Internet: <earth.org> (adapted).
According to text 1A2-I, it is correct to affirm that  
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: IBFC Órgão: PM-PB Prova: IBFC - 2023 - PM-PB - Soldado PM - Combatente |
Q2289398 Inglês
Why Climate Change Could Mean
More Delayed Flights

    No one enjoys a delayed flight, but as our weather gets warmer, we can expect more of them.
   That's according to experts, who say that the heat of the summer might cause more delays.
    Bloomberg looked at US data for flight delays at airports in Chicago and New York from June to August in 2022 and from January to March in 2023. It found that there were more delayed flights in the summer months at both airports.
    When the temperature rises above 39 degrees Celsius, things get very difficult for airlines, Bijan Vasigh, a professor at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in the US, told Bloomberg.
    The air is thinner when it gets hot and that makes it harder for planes to take off. In thinner air there is not as much lift, so more power is needed.
     When they need more power, it helps to have a lighter airplane.
    That might mean pilots have to make last-minute decisions to reduce the weight on board by dumping fuel, passengers or baggage — meaning the plane will probably be delayed.
    The problem gets worse at airports that are at a higher altitude where the air is already thinner, and at airports with short runways, since planes need more space to get up to a high speed.
   But thin air is not the only problem. Smoke from wildfires — that have been happening all around the world in the summer of 2023 —can also cause flights to be delayed and canceled.
    Of course, the summer is also a busy time when millions of people fly, and weather is not the only cause of delays — but our hotter climate doesn't seem to be helping.

Internet: Engoo
What can cause flight delays according to the text:
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: IBFC Órgão: PM-PB Prova: IBFC - 2023 - PM-PB - Soldado PM - Combatente |
Q2289397 Inglês
Why Climate Change Could Mean
More Delayed Flights

    No one enjoys a delayed flight, but as our weather gets warmer, we can expect more of them.
   That's according to experts, who say that the heat of the summer might cause more delays.
    Bloomberg looked at US data for flight delays at airports in Chicago and New York from June to August in 2022 and from January to March in 2023. It found that there were more delayed flights in the summer months at both airports.
    When the temperature rises above 39 degrees Celsius, things get very difficult for airlines, Bijan Vasigh, a professor at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University in the US, told Bloomberg.
    The air is thinner when it gets hot and that makes it harder for planes to take off. In thinner air there is not as much lift, so more power is needed.
     When they need more power, it helps to have a lighter airplane.
    That might mean pilots have to make last-minute decisions to reduce the weight on board by dumping fuel, passengers or baggage — meaning the plane will probably be delayed.
    The problem gets worse at airports that are at a higher altitude where the air is already thinner, and at airports with short runways, since planes need more space to get up to a high speed.
   But thin air is not the only problem. Smoke from wildfires — that have been happening all around the world in the summer of 2023 —can also cause flights to be delayed and canceled.
    Of course, the summer is also a busy time when millions of people fly, and weather is not the only cause of delays — but our hotter climate doesn't seem to be helping.

Internet: Engoo
When we have delayed flights, we understand that: 
Alternativas
Ano: 2023 Banca: IBFC Órgão: PM-PB Prova: IBFC - 2023 - PM-PB - Soldado PM - Combatente |
Q2289395 Inglês
Car crashes into second floor
of Pennsylvania home


    A man drove his car into the second floor of a Pennsylvania home on Sunday in what officials say was an "intentional act".
   Charges are pending against the driver after police found a grey vehicle sticking out of the side of the house in the city of Lewistown.
   Officials have not said how exactly the vehicle made its way to the second floor.         "The pictures speak for themselves", a fire official told the BBC.
    Anywhere from one to three people were inside the home at the time of the crash but were not injured, according to Sam Baumgardner, an administrator at the Junction Fire Company, which assisted in the response to the crash.
    The driver was able to climb out onto the roof after the crash and was taken to the hospital with injuries, Mr Baumgardner said.
    He added that the car likely hit the second floor because of a culvert - a tunnel that carries a stream under a road or railway - on the left side of the house.
   The driver "went into the culvert and propelled into the air and landed on the second floor", Mr Baumgardner said.
    In a report, Lewistown police said they had determined through an investigation that the crash was "an intentional act".
   Officials added that the driver will face charges for the crash.
     The BBC has reached out to police for comment.
   The fire department said it took about three hours to remove the car from the second floor.
   "The crew that was on the rescue definitely had to think outside the box," Mr Baumgardner said.
    Rescue crews helped stabilise the house and put a tarp over the hole from the crash because of upcoming storms, the Junction Fire Company said in a post on Facebook.

Internet: BBC News
A missão do “fire department” na sociedade é:
Alternativas
Respostas
56: A
57: E
58: B
59: E
60: C