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Q1696186
Português
Texto associado
Falta amor no mundo, mas também falta interpretação de
texto*
Que me perdoem os analistas de funções, tabelas,
números complexos e logaritmos, mas desenvolvi uma
teoria baseada em nada além do que meus próprios olhos
e ouvidos vêm testemunhando há tempos: considerável
parte do desamor que paira hoje no mundo se deve à
incapacidade de interpretação de texto. Simi senhores. A
incompreensão da Língua tem deixado as línguas (e os
dedos frenéticos que navegam pelos teclados) mais
intolerantes, emburrecidos e inacreditavelmente loucos.
Talvez esse bizarro fenômeno se deva à carência
de ideologias e certezas, que fizeram Bauman (o
sociólogo da moda, salve, salve!) enxergar a "liquidez" da
modernidade e a fragilidade de referências. Talvez seja
apenas falta do que fazer e uma intensa carência de
reconhecimento nas mídias sociais. Ou quem sabe
Umberto Eco estivesse certo ao afirmar que as redes
sociais deram voz aos imbecis. "Normalmente, eles (os
imbecis) eram imediatamente calados, mas agora têm o
mesmo direito à palavra de um Prêmio Nobel." Viva a
democracia virtual!
Fato é que a imbecilidade se tem traduzido em
palavras vindas de mentes que não sabem
compreender... palavras! Eros versus Pasquale, Afrodite
versus Bilac e a falta de amor no mundo se reduziu a uma
simples. questão de semântica. Qualquer manifestação
minimamente opinativa e já tiram - sabe-se lá de que
cartola mágica uma interpretação maliciosa,
completamente descontextualizada e muitas vezes
motivada pela leitura de mero título ou pela escolha de
imagem ilustrativa.
Só que a falta de compreensão se estende para
além das redes virtuais. Basta que haja qualquer debate
numa mesa de bar e "Calma lá1 meu chapa, não foi isso
que eu disse...". "Você entendeu errado...", "Não foi isso
que eu quis dizer..." E, de repente, não se diferencia mais
quem não sabe falar de quem não sabe entender. O
quadro se torna insustentável quando se adicionam como
ingredientes hipérbole, metáfora e principalmente ironia
fina. Fina mesmo é a distância entre o soco e o infeliz
nariz daquele que não se faz compreender.
É claro que o praticante da incompreensão textual
jamais se entenderá como parte da percentagem de
analfabetos funcionais. Se as pesquisas apontam que
apenas 8% dos brasileiros entre 15 e 64 anos são
capazes de se expressar e de compreender plenamente,
ele estará no meio. Se fossem 2°Ai, ele estaria no meio. Se
apenas um único brasileiro fosse capaz de interpretar
texto, certamente seria ele. O drama da incompreensão é
que ela distorce a análise de si. Somos textos ambulantes,
afinal.
"Estou farto de todo lirismo que capitula ao que
quer que seja fora de si mesmo." disse Manuel Bandeira,
sem saber quel tanto tempo depois, estaria nadando de
braçada na (in)compreensão baseada em conteúdo
distorcido ou jamais dito por aquele que sofre as
consequências. Nunca se capitularam tantas frases fora
de seu contexto, Manuel.
Está faltando amor no mundo, mas disso pelo
menos todo mundo sabe. O que falta entender é que falta,
Prova: Amarela
Português, Inglês, Matemática e Ciências
prínclpalmente, interpretação de texto. E quem sabe o
mundo possa se amar mais quando todos realmente
falarem a mesma língua.
*Título tomado de empréstimo de Leonardo Sakamoto.
Lara Brenner. https://www.revistabula.com/6691-faltaamor-no-mundo-mas-tambem-falta-interpretacao-de-texto/
(acesso em 21 de outubro de 2019 - adaptado)
Na seguinte passagem do texto: "Basta que haja qualquer
debate numa mesa de bar." (4°§), a forma verbal
destacada exprime:
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695790
Inglês
Mark the option that completes the paragraph below
correctly.
The Russian Vostok weather station in Antarctica has recorded temperatures as ______ as -89.2ºC (-128.6ºF). Here, the _______ temperature ever measured is -14ºC (7ºF).
Adapted from <https://www.climatestotravel.com/clîmate/antarctica>)
The Russian Vostok weather station in Antarctica has recorded temperatures as ______ as -89.2ºC (-128.6ºF). Here, the _______ temperature ever measured is -14ºC (7ºF).
Adapted from <https://www.climatestotravel.com/clîmate/antarctica>)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695789
Inglês
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
Speak, FIDO!
Imagine you're out for a walk with your family when a strange dog approaches. The dog isn't aggressive, but it seems ______ something because it nudges you with its snout, and barks. What you don't know is that this dog is trained _______ a person with a medical condition. Around the corner, the doq's owner has collapsed, and the dog instinctively runs off _____ help. That's you! But how can the dog make you _______ what's wrong?
(Adapted from https://www.timeforkids.com)
Speak, FIDO!
Imagine you're out for a walk with your family when a strange dog approaches. The dog isn't aggressive, but it seems ______ something because it nudges you with its snout, and barks. What you don't know is that this dog is trained _______ a person with a medical condition. Around the corner, the doq's owner has collapsed, and the dog instinctively runs off _____ help. That's you! But how can the dog make you _______ what's wrong?
(Adapted from https://www.timeforkids.com)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695788
Inglês
Read the sentences below.
I- People shouldn't drive so ____.
II- I need to see a doctor because I haven't been feeling well _____.
III- Although she's tried _______ to find a new job, she's still unemployed.
Which option completes the sentences correctly?
I- People shouldn't drive so ____.
II- I need to see a doctor because I haven't been feeling well _____.
III- Although she's tried _______ to find a new job, she's still unemployed.
Which option completes the sentences correctly?
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695787
Inglês
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
If your child has no symptoms of vision problems and no family history of vision problems, ________ every one to two years. Otherwise, schedule eye exams based on the advice of your eye doctor.
(Adapted from https://www.mayoclinic.org)
If your child has no symptoms of vision problems and no family history of vision problems, ________ every one to two years. Otherwise, schedule eye exams based on the advice of your eye doctor.
(Adapted from https://www.mayoclinic.org)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695786
Inglês
Which option completes the text correctly? A dash (-)
indicates that no article is used.
_______ China's first autonomous cargo ship, named Jin Dou Yun O Hao, has made its first voyage in Zhuhai. Yunzhou Tech, ______ technology company based in Zhuhai, developed ______ ship in collaboration with Wuhan University of Technology and CCS. _______ autonomous cargo ship will reduce 20°/o construction cost, 20% operation cost and 15% fuel consumption.
(Adapted from https://www.seatrade-maritime.com)
_______ China's first autonomous cargo ship, named Jin Dou Yun O Hao, has made its first voyage in Zhuhai. Yunzhou Tech, ______ technology company based in Zhuhai, developed ______ ship in collaboration with Wuhan University of Technology and CCS. _______ autonomous cargo ship will reduce 20°/o construction cost, 20% operation cost and 15% fuel consumption.
(Adapted from https://www.seatrade-maritime.com)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695785
Inglês
Which is the correct option to complete the text below?
The Letter Always Wins
Somehow ______our several ways to contact a company and complain _______ products (email, toll free numbers, _______ person), the old-fashioned letter still seems to win. Case in point. This week Smucker's Jam agreed to replace two of my grandmother's Pineapple Jams that she had ordered. She talked ______ them _____ the phone and they apologized _____ the bad packaging. But it was her letter that got her two free replacements.
(Adapted from <https://www.wisebread.com/the-letteralways-wins>)
The Letter Always Wins
Somehow ______our several ways to contact a company and complain _______ products (email, toll free numbers, _______ person), the old-fashioned letter still seems to win. Case in point. This week Smucker's Jam agreed to replace two of my grandmother's Pineapple Jams that she had ordered. She talked ______ them _____ the phone and they apologized _____ the bad packaging. But it was her letter that got her two free replacements.
(Adapted from <https://www.wisebread.com/the-letteralways-wins>)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695784
Inglês
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
ln 1984, Dallas, Texas, a call to the emergency services ________ catastrophically wrong. An elderly woman _______ breathing in her home. Her son, clearly distressed, _______ 911. His conversation with the dispatcher soon _______ out of control.
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com)
ln 1984, Dallas, Texas, a call to the emergency services ________ catastrophically wrong. An elderly woman _______ breathing in her home. Her son, clearly distressed, _______ 911. His conversation with the dispatcher soon _______ out of control.
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695783
Inglês
Which option completes the sentence below correctly?
Spinach is very thin, so there's more loss of moisture and exposure to heat and oxygen compared to a carrot,_______ ?
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com)
Spinach is very thin, so there's more loss of moisture and exposure to heat and oxygen compared to a carrot,_______ ?
(Adapted from https://www.bbc.com)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695782
Inglês
Choose the correct option to complete the paragraph
below.
The Brazilian Navy _____ its new Antarctic station "Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz" (EACF) on 15 January. The facility ______ by China National Electronic Imports and Exports Corporation (CEIEC) to replace the original EACF, which ______ by a fire in 2012. The new station_______ of laboratories, communications and meteorological modules, power generation equipment, and a living area for 64, as well as medical, healthcare, catering, and technical areas.
(Adapted from https://www.janes.com)
The Brazilian Navy _____ its new Antarctic station "Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz" (EACF) on 15 January. The facility ______ by China National Electronic Imports and Exports Corporation (CEIEC) to replace the original EACF, which ______ by a fire in 2012. The new station_______ of laboratories, communications and meteorological modules, power generation equipment, and a living area for 64, as well as medical, healthcare, catering, and technical areas.
(Adapted from https://www.janes.com)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695781
Inglês
Which option completes the text below correctly?
There are ____different opinions on how ____ water you should be drinking every day. Health authorities commonly recommend eight 8- ounce glasses, which equals about 2 liters, or half a gallon. This is called the 8x8 rule and is very easy to remember. However, _____ health gurus believe that you need to sip on water constantly throughout the day, even when you're not thirsty. As with most things, this depends on the individual. _____ factors (both internal and external) ultimately affect your need for water.
(https://www.healthline.com)
There are ____different opinions on how ____ water you should be drinking every day. Health authorities commonly recommend eight 8- ounce glasses, which equals about 2 liters, or half a gallon. This is called the 8x8 rule and is very easy to remember. However, _____ health gurus believe that you need to sip on water constantly throughout the day, even when you're not thirsty. As with most things, this depends on the individual. _____ factors (both internal and external) ultimately affect your need for water.
(https://www.healthline.com)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695780
Inglês
Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
It is important that female navy officers are now commanding vessels, not only because of ________ achievement in and of itself, but also because ________ types of posts will help ______ advance even more in ______ careers.
(Adapted from http://cimsec.org)
It is important that female navy officers are now commanding vessels, not only because of ________ achievement in and of itself, but also because ________ types of posts will help ______ advance even more in ______ careers.
(Adapted from http://cimsec.org)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695779
Inglês
Analyze the questions below.
I- Who does this pencil belong to? Il- Who read a book last week? III- Where did your mother born? IV- What about are they talking? V- What fell on the floor yesterday?
Choose the correct option.
I- Who does this pencil belong to? Il- Who read a book last week? III- Where did your mother born? IV- What about are they talking? V- What fell on the floor yesterday?
Choose the correct option.
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695778
Inglês
Mark the sentence that is grammatically INCORRECT.
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695777
Inglês
Which option completes the text below correctly?
Renew or replace your adult passport
You ______ be aged 16 or over (or turning 16 in the next 3 weeks). if you want an adult passport. There's a different process to get a passport for a child.
The rules for passports, drivlnq, pet travel and more ______ change from 1 January 2021. Act now so you _____ travel as planned.
If you're in the UK you _____.
-renew your passport if it's expired or will expire soon; - replace your passport if it's been lost, stolen or damaged; - change the details on your passport.
(Adapted from <https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport>)
Renew or replace your adult passport
You ______ be aged 16 or over (or turning 16 in the next 3 weeks). if you want an adult passport. There's a different process to get a passport for a child.
The rules for passports, drivlnq, pet travel and more ______ change from 1 January 2021. Act now so you _____ travel as planned.
If you're in the UK you _____.
-renew your passport if it's expired or will expire soon; - replace your passport if it's been lost, stolen or damaged; - change the details on your passport.
(Adapted from <https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport>)
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695776
Inglês
Texto associado
Career confusion in the 21st century: challenges and
opportunities
[1] The time and energy that teenagers dedicate to
learning and the fields of study they choose profoundly
shape the opportunities they will have during their whole lives. Their dreams and aspirations do not just depend on their talents, but they can be highly influenced by their personal background as well as by the depth and extent of their knowledge about the world of work. ln summary, students cannot be what they cannot see.
[2] With young people staying in education longe than ever and the labour market automating with unprecedented speed, students need help to make sense of the world of work. ln 2018, the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the world's largest dataset on young people's educational experiences, collected first-of-its kind data on this, making it possible to explore how much the career dreams o young people have changed over the past 20 years, how closely they are related to actual labour demand, and how closely aspirations are shaped by social background and gender.
[3] Studies in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States show that teenagers who combine part-time employment with full-time education do better in their school-to-work transitions. The positive benefits include lower probabilities of being unemployed or NEET (Not in
Education1 Employment or Training), higher waçes, and
others (see Box 1). However, the benefits cannot be taken
for granted and some experiences in different countries
have demonstrated that governments and schools can
better support young people as they prepare themselves
for working life.
[4] Schools may provide programmes of career
development activities, particularly those that include
workplace experience. Experience of the world of work
challenges young people to understand what it means to
be personally effective in different workplaces while
providing a unique opportunity to develop social networks
of value. Through exposure to the people who do different jobs, young people have the chance to challenge genderN
and class-based stereotyping and expand their aspirations, easing ultimate entry into the labour market (see Box 2).
[5] However, in recent years, analyses of career
preparation have focused on the challenge of
misalignment: where the educational plans of young
people are out of kilter with their occupational
expectations. When young people underestimate the
education required to fulfil their dreams, they can expect to
find their early working lives more difficult than would be
expected. Of particular concern is that most young people
whose aspirations are misaligned with their education
come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently, it
is now clear that career guidance serves an important
service in dealing with inequalities.
[6] Results from PISA show that the career
aspirations of young people are no simple reflection of
teenage academic ability. Rather, they reflect complex
lives. Analyses show that the children of more advantaged
families are more likely to want to go on to university than working class kids. Similarly, career thinking is often
determined by gender and immigrant background as well
as socioeconomic status. Disadvantaged young people are
at clear risk of career confusion. lt is neither fair, nor
efficient, for students to move through education with
limited views of both the amplitude of the labour market
and their own potential.
According to the text in Box 1, it is correct to say that
people who worked a lot and studied when they were
teenagers:
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695775
Inglês
Texto associado
Career confusion in the 21st century: challenges and
opportunities
[1] The time and energy that teenagers dedicate to
learning and the fields of study they choose profoundly
shape the opportunities they will have during their whole lives. Their dreams and aspirations do not just depend on their talents, but they can be highly influenced by their personal background as well as by the depth and extent of their knowledge about the world of work. ln summary, students cannot be what they cannot see.
[2] With young people staying in education longe than ever and the labour market automating with unprecedented speed, students need help to make sense of the world of work. ln 2018, the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the world's largest dataset on young people's educational experiences, collected first-of-its kind data on this, making it possible to explore how much the career dreams o young people have changed over the past 20 years, how closely they are related to actual labour demand, and how closely aspirations are shaped by social background and gender.
[3] Studies in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States show that teenagers who combine part-time employment with full-time education do better in their school-to-work transitions. The positive benefits include lower probabilities of being unemployed or NEET (Not in
Education1 Employment or Training), higher waçes, and
others (see Box 1). However, the benefits cannot be taken
for granted and some experiences in different countries
have demonstrated that governments and schools can
better support young people as they prepare themselves
for working life.
[4] Schools may provide programmes of career
development activities, particularly those that include
workplace experience. Experience of the world of work
challenges young people to understand what it means to
be personally effective in different workplaces while
providing a unique opportunity to develop social networks
of value. Through exposure to the people who do different jobs, young people have the chance to challenge genderN
and class-based stereotyping and expand their aspirations, easing ultimate entry into the labour market (see Box 2).
[5] However, in recent years, analyses of career
preparation have focused on the challenge of
misalignment: where the educational plans of young
people are out of kilter with their occupational
expectations. When young people underestimate the
education required to fulfil their dreams, they can expect to
find their early working lives more difficult than would be
expected. Of particular concern is that most young people
whose aspirations are misaligned with their education
come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently, it
is now clear that career guidance serves an important
service in dealing with inequalities.
[6] Results from PISA show that the career
aspirations of young people are no simple reflection of
teenage academic ability. Rather, they reflect complex
lives. Analyses show that the children of more advantaged
families are more likely to want to go on to university than working class kids. Similarly, career thinking is often
determined by gender and immigrant background as well
as socioeconomic status. Disadvantaged young people are
at clear risk of career confusion. lt is neither fair, nor
efficient, for students to move through education with
limited views of both the amplitude of the labour market
and their own potential.
According to the contents of paragraph 3, the transition
from school to work is better for teenagers who:
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695774
Inglês
Texto associado
Career confusion in the 21st century: challenges and
opportunities
[1] The time and energy that teenagers dedicate to
learning and the fields of study they choose profoundly
shape the opportunities they will have during their whole lives. Their dreams and aspirations do not just depend on their talents, but they can be highly influenced by their personal background as well as by the depth and extent of their knowledge about the world of work. ln summary, students cannot be what they cannot see.
[2] With young people staying in education longe than ever and the labour market automating with unprecedented speed, students need help to make sense of the world of work. ln 2018, the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the world's largest dataset on young people's educational experiences, collected first-of-its kind data on this, making it possible to explore how much the career dreams o young people have changed over the past 20 years, how closely they are related to actual labour demand, and how closely aspirations are shaped by social background and gender.
[3] Studies in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States show that teenagers who combine part-time employment with full-time education do better in their school-to-work transitions. The positive benefits include lower probabilities of being unemployed or NEET (Not in
Education1 Employment or Training), higher waçes, and
others (see Box 1). However, the benefits cannot be taken
for granted and some experiences in different countries
have demonstrated that governments and schools can
better support young people as they prepare themselves
for working life.
[4] Schools may provide programmes of career
development activities, particularly those that include
workplace experience. Experience of the world of work
challenges young people to understand what it means to
be personally effective in different workplaces while
providing a unique opportunity to develop social networks
of value. Through exposure to the people who do different jobs, young people have the chance to challenge genderN
and class-based stereotyping and expand their aspirations, easing ultimate entry into the labour market (see Box 2).
[5] However, in recent years, analyses of career
preparation have focused on the challenge of
misalignment: where the educational plans of young
people are out of kilter with their occupational
expectations. When young people underestimate the
education required to fulfil their dreams, they can expect to
find their early working lives more difficult than would be
expected. Of particular concern is that most young people
whose aspirations are misaligned with their education
come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently, it
is now clear that career guidance serves an important
service in dealing with inequalities.
[6] Results from PISA show that the career
aspirations of young people are no simple reflection of
teenage academic ability. Rather, they reflect complex
lives. Analyses show that the children of more advantaged
families are more likely to want to go on to university than working class kids. Similarly, career thinking is often
determined by gender and immigrant background as well
as socioeconomic status. Disadvantaged young people are
at clear risk of career confusion. lt is neither fair, nor
efficient, for students to move through education with
limited views of both the amplitude of the labour market
and their own potential.
The meaning of the expression "out of kilter with" in paragraph 5 is:
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695773
Inglês
Texto associado
Career confusion in the 21st century: challenges and
opportunities
[1] The time and energy that teenagers dedicate to
learning and the fields of study they choose profoundly
shape the opportunities they will have during their whole lives. Their dreams and aspirations do not just depend on their talents, but they can be highly influenced by their personal background as well as by the depth and extent of their knowledge about the world of work. ln summary, students cannot be what they cannot see.
[2] With young people staying in education longe than ever and the labour market automating with unprecedented speed, students need help to make sense of the world of work. ln 2018, the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the world's largest dataset on young people's educational experiences, collected first-of-its kind data on this, making it possible to explore how much the career dreams o young people have changed over the past 20 years, how closely they are related to actual labour demand, and how closely aspirations are shaped by social background and gender.
[3] Studies in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States show that teenagers who combine part-time employment with full-time education do better in their school-to-work transitions. The positive benefits include lower probabilities of being unemployed or NEET (Not in
Education1 Employment or Training), higher waçes, and
others (see Box 1). However, the benefits cannot be taken
for granted and some experiences in different countries
have demonstrated that governments and schools can
better support young people as they prepare themselves
for working life.
[4] Schools may provide programmes of career
development activities, particularly those that include
workplace experience. Experience of the world of work
challenges young people to understand what it means to
be personally effective in different workplaces while
providing a unique opportunity to develop social networks
of value. Through exposure to the people who do different jobs, young people have the chance to challenge genderN
and class-based stereotyping and expand their aspirations, easing ultimate entry into the labour market (see Box 2).
[5] However, in recent years, analyses of career
preparation have focused on the challenge of
misalignment: where the educational plans of young
people are out of kilter with their occupational
expectations. When young people underestimate the
education required to fulfil their dreams, they can expect to
find their early working lives more difficult than would be
expected. Of particular concern is that most young people
whose aspirations are misaligned with their education
come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently, it
is now clear that career guidance serves an important
service in dealing with inequalities.
[6] Results from PISA show that the career
aspirations of young people are no simple reflection of
teenage academic ability. Rather, they reflect complex
lives. Analyses show that the children of more advantaged
families are more likely to want to go on to university than working class kids. Similarly, career thinking is often
determined by gender and immigrant background as well
as socioeconomic status. Disadvantaged young people are
at clear risk of career confusion. lt is neither fair, nor
efficient, for students to move through education with
limited views of both the amplitude of the labour market
and their own potential.
The word "their", in "[ ... ] with I imited views of both the
amplitude of the labour market and their own potential."
(paragraph 6), refers to:
Ano: 2020
Banca:
Marinha
Órgão:
ESCOLA NAVAL
Prova:
Marinha - 2020 - ESCOLA NAVAL - Aspirante - 1º Dia |
Q1695772
Inglês
Texto associado
Career confusion in the 21st century: challenges and
opportunities
[1] The time and energy that teenagers dedicate to
learning and the fields of study they choose profoundly
shape the opportunities they will have during their whole lives. Their dreams and aspirations do not just depend on their talents, but they can be highly influenced by their personal background as well as by the depth and extent of their knowledge about the world of work. ln summary, students cannot be what they cannot see.
[2] With young people staying in education longe than ever and the labour market automating with unprecedented speed, students need help to make sense of the world of work. ln 2018, the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the world's largest dataset on young people's educational experiences, collected first-of-its kind data on this, making it possible to explore how much the career dreams o young people have changed over the past 20 years, how closely they are related to actual labour demand, and how closely aspirations are shaped by social background and gender.
[3] Studies in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States show that teenagers who combine part-time employment with full-time education do better in their school-to-work transitions. The positive benefits include lower probabilities of being unemployed or NEET (Not in
Education1 Employment or Training), higher waçes, and
others (see Box 1). However, the benefits cannot be taken
for granted and some experiences in different countries
have demonstrated that governments and schools can
better support young people as they prepare themselves
for working life.
[4] Schools may provide programmes of career
development activities, particularly those that include
workplace experience. Experience of the world of work
challenges young people to understand what it means to
be personally effective in different workplaces while
providing a unique opportunity to develop social networks
of value. Through exposure to the people who do different jobs, young people have the chance to challenge genderN
and class-based stereotyping and expand their aspirations, easing ultimate entry into the labour market (see Box 2).
[5] However, in recent years, analyses of career
preparation have focused on the challenge of
misalignment: where the educational plans of young
people are out of kilter with their occupational
expectations. When young people underestimate the
education required to fulfil their dreams, they can expect to
find their early working lives more difficult than would be
expected. Of particular concern is that most young people
whose aspirations are misaligned with their education
come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Consequently, it
is now clear that career guidance serves an important
service in dealing with inequalities.
[6] Results from PISA show that the career
aspirations of young people are no simple reflection of
teenage academic ability. Rather, they reflect complex
lives. Analyses show that the children of more advantaged
families are more likely to want to go on to university than working class kids. Similarly, career thinking is often
determined by gender and immigrant background as well
as socioeconomic status. Disadvantaged young people are
at clear risk of career confusion. lt is neither fair, nor
efficient, for students to move through education with
limited views of both the amplitude of the labour market
and their own potential.
According to paragraph 1, it is correct to say that "students
cannot be what they cannot see" because:
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